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The review and problem set for exam 1 in chemistry, covering topics such as concentration units, nomenclature of organic compounds, functional groups, definitions, and various chemical concepts.
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October 3, 2003 Review and Problem set for Exam 1
I. Concentration Units. Explain how you would prepare 200 mL of 0.1M solution of Na 2 SO4. The molecular weight of Na 2 SO 4 is 142 g/mol
Need 0.1 moles Na (^) 2SO 4 per 1L solution, or 0.05 moles per 200 mL. Since the molar mass is 142 g/mol, 0.05 moles is 2.84 g. So, weight 2.84 g of Na 2 SO4, transfer to a measuring cylinder, and add water to make up the total volume of 200 mL.
II Nomenclature of Organic Compounds. Give the IUPAC names for each of the following compounds:
a)
CHCH 3
CH 3
CH 3
1-Isopropyl-2-methylcyclohexane
b)
CH 3 CH 2 CHCH (^3)
HC CH (^2)
3-Methyl-1-pentene
c) CH 3 NO (^2)
NO (^2)
O 2 N
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene
III. Functional Groups. Identify the functional groups in the following molecules, and give the hybridization of each carbon atom:
a)
H 3 C CH 3
CH 3
CH 3 CH 3 O
H
Retinal (Vitamin A)
Carbonyl group; C-C double bonds. For CH 3 groups- sp^3 ; four carbons in the ring not connected by double bond- sp 3 ; remaining carbons in the molecule- sp^2.
b)
CH 3
NCH 3
O O
O
O Cocaine
Amino (NCH3); two ester groups; phenyl group. Ester and phenyl carbons- sp^2 ; CH3- sp 3 ; all carbons in the seven-membered ring- sp 3