Download hybrid vehicles abouth all the hybrid vehicles solar vehicles electrical vehicles and more Assignments Thermodynamics in PDF only on Docsity!
DRUVA RAKSHITH R
R17ME
ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES ASSIGNMENT
1.List and explain the different charging techniques of electric vehicle.
Ans: CONTACT CHARGING TECHNIQUE
This method involves charging of the EV through direct contact. i.e. a charging cable will be plugged into the vehicle to charge it. Some of the contact charging techniques are mentioned below.
TRICKLE CHARGE
The slowest method of charging EV at home, using a standard 220V plug.it is only recommended in urgent cases, with caution and consultation with electricity providers.
AC CHARGE
Having a wall box lets you charge 3-4 times faster using AC Household charging.AC public charging is also available. DC CHARGE
The fastest way to charge EV at public DC fast charging station with power from 50kW and above. With this method we can top up our battery from 20 t0 80% in approx. 40 minutes. There are also some ultrafast charging stations that provide more than 150kW.
NON-CONTACT TYPE CHARGING TECHNIQUE
This type of charging technique uses electromagnetic resonance in order to transfer electricity to charge the vehicle. It is safer and more economical. This technique does not use any charging cable.
BATTERY SWAP TECHNIQUE
This method makes use of an automatic or semi-automatic system to exchange a depleted battery with a fully charged one.
SOLAR CHARGING TECHNIQUE
This method uses sun’s solar energy to charge the vehicle. This is method is cheaper compared to other techniques. As solar energy is free of cost.
2.Explain in detail the concept of regenerative braking and integrated generator.
Ans: REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM
Regenerative braking helps Kinetic energy to be converted back to electrical energy during barking. The converted electrical energy during braking is converted into electrical energy in the batteries and ultra- capacitors. Ultra-high-speed flywheel helps to extend the driving range by 10%. Generally, Electric vehicle are equipped with regenerative braking system. Whenever regenerative braking is applied, torque is insufficient to offer the same deacceleration rate as available in conventional type of vehicle. It is a 2-step process involving motor and battery. In simple ways, here the initial Kinetic energy is transformed into electrical energy by the generator and then converted into chemical energy by the battery.
INTEGRATED STARTER GENERATOR(ISG)
The ISG can replaces conventional generators and provides an auxiliary function as conventional automatic start-stop system for better fuel consumption and fuel efficiency. Here the system switches off the combustion system at 0-load such as when standing in the traffic signal and automatically starts in 100 milliseconds when accelerator is pressed. The pulse start technology accelerates the combustion engine to the required cranking speed and only then initiates the combustion process for instant ignition which helps to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.
3.Explain the basic concept of Drive trains used in electric locomotives. Also list the specifications of
electrical drive system used in electric powered locomotives.
Ans: An electric locomotive is powered by electricity from overhead lines or third line or onboard energy storage devices like battery or supercapacitor. In electric locomotives additional efficiency is achieved using regenerative brakes which converts vehicles Kinetic energy into electric energy.
The function of electric locomotive involves pantograph which continuously touches the overhead line or third line running over the bus-bar of the locomotive roof to surge arrester, which in turn is connected to transform through cable. The output of the transformer is fed to the traction motor. the traction is connected to set of gear trains. The motor runs using power supplied by the transformer because of which gear trains runs which is responsible of the movement of electric locomotive.
The specifications of electric drive systems used in electric powered locomotives are:
1)Asynchronous motor: modern traction motor type using 3 phase AC electrical systems. It can be used on both AC and DC electrical railways with suitable control electronics.
2.) Current collected from the overhead line or from third line is returned by axle brush.
3.) Battery: all trains are provided with a battery to provide start up current and to supply the other circuit.
4.) Relay: a device present at the oil cooling circuits of an electric locomotive to detect low oil pressure is known as a relay.
5.) Camshaft: the DC electric traction power circuits use a camshaft to open and close the contactors to control resistance of traction motor power circuit. It is driven by a motor or pneumatic cylinder.
PLAGIARISM SCAN REPORT
Words 878 Date March 30,
Characters 5931 Exclude Url
Plagiarism
Unique
Plagiarized Sentences
Unique Sentences
Content Checked For Plagiarism
YAKSHITH GOWDA S R16ME313 ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES ASSIGNMENT 1.List and explain the
different charging techniques of electric vehicle. Ans: CONTACT CHARGING TECHNIQUE This method
involves charging of the EV through direct contact. i.e. a charging cable will be plugged into the vehicle
to charge it. Some of the contact charging techniques are mentioned below. TRICKLE CHARGE The
slowest method of charging EV at home, using a standard 220V plug.it is only recommended in urgent
cases, with caution and consultation with electricity providers. AC CHARGE Having a wall box lets you
charge 3-4 times faster using AC Household charging.AC public charging is also available. DC CHARGE
The fastest way to charge EV at public DC fast charging station with power from 50kW and above. With
this method we can top up our battery from 20 t0 80% in approx. 40 minutes. There are also some
ultrafast charging stations that provide more than 150kW. NONCONTACT TYPE CHARGING TECHNIQUE
This type of charging technique uses electromagnetic resonance in order to transfer electricity to charge
the vehicle. It is safer and more economical. This technique does not use any charging cable. BATTERY
SWAP TECHNIQUE This method makes use of an automatic or semi-automatic system to exchange a
depleted battery with a fully charged one. SOLAR CHARGING TECHNIQUE This method uses sun’s solar
energy to charge the vehicle. This is method is
cheaper compared to other techniques. As solar energy is free of cost. --------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.Explain in detail the concept of
regenerative braking and integrated generator. Ans:
REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM Regenerative braking helps Kinetic energy to be converted back to
electrical energy during barking. The converted electrical energy during braking is converted into
electrical energy in the batteries and ultracapacitors. Ultra-high-speed flywheel helps to extend the
driving range by 10%. Generally, Electric vehicle are equipped with regenerative braking system.
Whenever regenerative braking is applied, torque is insufficient to offer the same deacceleration rate as
available in conventional type of vehicle. It is a 2-step process involving motor and battery. In simple
ways, here the initial Kinetic energy is transformed into electrical energy by the generator and then
converted into chemical energy by the battery. INTEGRATED STARTER GENERATOR(ISG) The ISG can
replaces conventional generators and provides an auxiliary function as conventional automatic start-
stop system for better fuel consumption and fuel efficiency. Here the system switches off the
combustion system at 0-load such as when standing in the traffic signal and automatically starts in 100
milliseconds when accelerator is pressed. The pulse start technology accelerates the combustion engine
to the required cranking speed and only then initiates the combustion process for instant ignition which
helps to reduce fuel consumption
and emissions. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------- 3.Explain the basic concept of Drive trains used in electric locomotives. Also list the
specifications of electrical drive system used in electric powered locomotives. Ans: An electric
locomotive is powered by electricity from overhead lines or third line or onboard energy storage devices
like battery or supercapacitor. In electric locomotives additional efficiency is achieved using
regenerative brakes which converts vehicles Kinetic energy into electric energy. The function of electric
locomotive involves pantograph which continuously touches the overhead line or third line running over
the bus-bar of the locomotive roof to surge arrester, which in turn is connected to transform through
cable. The output of the transformer is fed to the traction motor. the traction is connected to set of gear
trains. The motor runs using power supplied by the transformer because of which gear trains runs which
is responsible of the movement of electric locomotive. The specifications of electric drive systems used
in electric powered locomotives are: 1)Asynchronous motor: modern traction motor type using 3 phase
AC electrical systems. It can be used on both AC and DC electrical railways with suitable control
electronics. 2.) Current collected from the overhead line or from third line is returned by axle brush. 3.)
Battery: all trains are provided with a battery to provide start up current and to supply the other circuit.
4.) Relay: a device present at the oil cooling circuits of an electric locomotive to detect low oil pressure
is known as a relay. 5.) Camshaft: the DC electric traction power circuits use a camshaft to open and to
detect low oil pressure is known as a relay. 5.) Camshaft: the DC electric traction power circuits use a
camshaft to open and close the contactors to control resistance of traction motor power circuit. It is
driven by a motor or pneumatic cylinder. 6.) Circuit breaker: these are usually provided in an electric
locomotive to isolate a particular circuit in case of any fault in the circuit. 7.) Cooling fans: the modern
locomotives are provided with cooling fans in order to keep the electrical components at required
temperature. 8.) Inverter: power devices that are mounted on trains to provide AC from DC. 9.) Motor
blowers: the motors of electric locomotives get very hot after working for longer hours. Therefore, to
keep the temperature of these motors at nominal values motors are fitted with blowers. 10.) Rectifier: a
device that is used to convert an AC to DC and viceversa. 11.) Transformers: electric locomotives are
fitted with transformers which are used to step up or step down a voltage depending
on the condition required. 12.) Pantograph: the current collection systems used in
electric
locomotives the
maintain constant contact along the entire path of overhead wires are called pantograph.
What are the different methods of charging an electric... | Kia Go Electric it is only recommended in urgent cases, with caution and consultation with electricity providers.always use tchhiasr cghearsrg ues seo alunt iioccnb w (iinth c caabuleti ocnon atnrodl dbiosxc)u fsosr wmitahx iymouumr e rleeclitarbiciilittyy p arnodvi.d.. er before first use. kia trickle 5%
https://www.kia.com/ie/about-kia/experience-kia/technology/electrification/charging- methods-for-electriccars/
Integrated Starter Generator the pulse-start technology accelerates the combustion engine to the required cranking speed and only then initiates the combustion process for instant ignition.the isg reaches a peak generator output of 9 kw with an 3% efficiency of more than 80 percent across the entire speed range. https://www.autocentral.com/doc/integrated-starter-generator-
Similarity
Sources
