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Hybrid Sterility - Integrated Pest Management - Lecture Slides, Slides of Pest Management

Main topics of this course are: Biocontrol Approaches, Decision Making, Disadvantages of Cultural Controls, EBPM Status, Enforced Crop Production Rules, Hybrid Sterility, IPM Evolution Continued, Regulatory Tactics, Resistance Categories. Key points of this lecture slides are: Hybrid Sterility, Microbially, Genetic Manipulation, Cytoplasmic Incompatibility, Wolbachia in Lower Flies, Physical and Mechanical Tactics, Environmental Modifications, Exclusion in Structures, Arthropods, Physical Exclus

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 08/31/2013

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Hybrid Sterility
Males & Females of different strains can
produce non-viable offspring
Incompatible strains can be generated
through several ways
Direct genetic manipulation (“Transposable
Elements”)
Microbially-mediated (Cytoplasmic
Incompatibility)
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Hybrid Sterility

• Males & Females of different strains can

produce non-viable offspring

• Incompatible strains can be generated

through several ways

  • Direct genetic manipulation (“Transposable

Elements”)

  • Microbially-mediated (Cytoplasmic

Incompatibility)

Example: Wolbachia in lower flies

Environmental Modifications in

Structures

  • Eliminate conditions conducive to a pest

infestation will reduce pest attractions to a

particular area.

  • These include:
    • Removing the breeding source if possible,
    • Eliminating moisture conditions,
    • Eliminating harborages,
    • Cutting back shrubs and tree limbs next to buildings,
    • Using proper lighting (light management) to draw night flying insects away from the property.

Environmental Modification

Categories

  • Temperature – often used for stored products - Heat - Cold
  • Water
    • Flooding
    • Dessication
    • Irrigation
  • Light
    • Mulches

Flame weeders

Organic mulches were recently living tissue

Inorganic mulches were never living. Gravel, rock, plastic, landscape fabric, etc.

Exclusion in Structures

  • Doors fit & seal, windows

screened, both kept shut.

  • Caulking & other sealants

used at:

  • Utility entrances (plumbing, electrical, sewer)
  • Exterior (wood trim, brick mortar, foundation cracks & crevices).
  • Isolation of deliveries &

waste.

Birds in structures are often

managed via exclusion

Barrier Examples

Slugs won’t cross copper

Netting and screens are often used as an insect barrier

Floating row covers on cabbage protecting against cabbage butterflies

Trap Examples -- Click on picture

for more detail

Pathogen trap for use in greenhouses or irrigation water

Numerous live traps for vertebrates can be found here

Slug trap

Direct Control

  • Hand picking, killing

individually

  • Some Traps
  • Vacuums
  • Hoeing
  • Shooting

Removing pests by hand or using mechanical devices to trap, kill, or keep them out

Hand Picking Examples

Problems with Mechanical Control

  • Generally more practical in small areas than

large ones.

  • Labor intensive
  • Cumbersome (e.g. must remember where traps

are located & service them)

  • Inefficient (removes only a small portion of pest

population)

  • Often viewed as inhumane
  • Traps are more useful as a monitoring

procedure.

Summary of Non-Chemical

Methods

Method

Control Effectiveness Control Type^

Monitoring Effectiveness

Exclusion High Preventative None

Habitat & Behav. Mod

High Preventative & Curative

None

Physical Control

Moderate Curative Moderate

Mechanical Control Low^ Curative^ High