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Hurst LPN study notes, Study notes of Nursing

different types of shocks. Hypovolemic, sepsis shock

Typology: Study notes

2021/2022

Available from 12/14/2022

Iperez0606
Iperez0606 🇺🇸

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TYPES OF SHOCK
Type of Shock Description Cause Treatment
Anaphylactic shock Massive vasodilation
caused by release
of histamines in
response to allergic
reaction
IV contrast, drugs
(ASA, insect bites
or stings,
anesthetic agents,
vaccines, foods,
materials (latex)
Medication: histamine H2
blockers (Tagamet®),
Epinephrine (drug of
choice), Benedryl®,
Volume expanders,
Solumedrol®,
brochodilators. Ensure
patent airway, oxygen.
Hypovolemic shock Loss of intravascular
volume, decrease
stroke volume, and
decrease cardiac
output
3rd spacing,
diuresis,
Hemorrhage (#1
cause), burns, GI
fluid loss (vomiting,
diarrhea, drainage
from NG tube), DI,
DKA, Addison’s
disease.
Medication: Levophed®
Neo-Synephrine®,
Intropin®, Pitressin®
Rapid volume replacement
(blood, isotonic solutions),
control bleeding, oxygen,
hemodynamic monitoring.
Cardiogenic shock Inability of heart
to pump blood out
effectively (pump
failure), resulting in
decrease cardiac
output
Myocardial
infarction, lethal
ventricular
arrhythmias, End-
stage heart failure.
Medication: Dobutamine®
Dopamine®, Epinephrine®,
Primacor®, Nitroglycerin®,
Nipride®, Morphine®,
intra-aortic balloon pump
(IABP), correct arrythmias,
oxygen, Intubation &
mechanical ventilation may
be necessary.
Septic shock Massive vasodilation
caused by inflam-
matory response of
body due to over-
whelming infection
Sepsis caused by
any pathogenic
organism that
invades the body
Antimicrobial therapy,
volume replacement,
cultures, vasopressors,
hemodynamic monitoring.
Neurogenic shock Pooling of blood
-decrease venous
return, decrease
cardiac output,
hypotension, brady-
cardia
Massive
vasodilation,
suppression of the
sympathetic
nervous system,
injury/disease to
the spinal cord at
T6, spinal
anesthesia.
Treat the cause,
vasopressors, airway and
ventilation support.

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TYPES OF SHOCK

Type of Shock Description Cause Treatment

Anaphylactic shock Massive vasodilation caused by release of histamines in response to allergic reaction

IV contrast, drugs (ASA, insect bites or stings, anesthetic agents, vaccines, foods, materials (latex)

Medication: histamine H blockers (Tagamet®), Epinephrine (drug of choice), Benedryl®, Volume expanders, Solumedrol®, brochodilators. Ensure patent airway, oxygen.

Hypovolemic shock Loss of intravascular volume, decrease stroke volume, and decrease cardiac output

3rd spacing, diuresis, Hemorrhage (# cause), burns, GI fluid loss (vomiting, diarrhea, drainage from NG tube), DI, DKA, Addison’s disease.

Medication: Levophed® Neo-Synephrine®, Intropin®, Pitressin® Rapid volume replacement (blood, isotonic solutions), control bleeding, oxygen, hemodynamic monitoring.

Cardiogenic shock Inability of heart to pump blood out effectively (pump failure), resulting in decrease cardiac output

Myocardial infarction, lethal ventricular arrhythmias, End- stage heart failure.

Medication: Dobutamine® Dopamine®, Epinephrine®, Primacor®, Nitroglycerin®, Nipride®, Morphine®, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), correct arrythmias, oxygen, Intubation & mechanical ventilation may be necessary.

Septic shock Massive vasodilation caused by inflam- matory response of body due to over- whelming infection

Sepsis caused by any pathogenic organism that invades the body

Antimicrobial therapy, volume replacement, cultures, vasopressors, hemodynamic monitoring.

Neurogenic shock Pooling of blood -decrease venous return, decrease cardiac output, hypotension, brady- cardia

Massive vasodilation, suppression of the sympathetic nervous system, injury/disease to the spinal cord at T6, spinal anesthesia.

Treat the cause, vasopressors, airway and ventilation support.