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For B Sc Hons Biotech 4 sem human phy Heart By Dr Santosh Thakur
Human Circulatory System
The human body is a complex machine, requiring many processes to function efficiently. To keep these crucial processes running without any hitches, vital elements and components need to be delivered to the various parts of the body. This role of transportation is undertaken by the human circulatory system, moving essential nutrients and minerals throughout the body and metabolic waste products away from the body. Below is the neat labelled Circulatory system diagram. Read on to explore intricate about the human circulatory system and its components in greater detail.
Human Circulatory System Diagram
Circulatory system diagram highlighting the various pathways of blood (Blue=De-oxygenated blood & Red=Oxygenated blood)
Human Circulatory System
The human circulatory system consists of a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries, with the heart pumping blood through it. Its primary role is to provide essential nutrients, minerals, and hormones to various parts of the body. Alternatively, the circulatory system is also
responsible for collecting metabolic waste and toxins from the cells and tissues to be purified or expelled from the body.
Features of Circulatory
The crucial features of human circulatory are as follows: The human circulatory system consists of blood, heart, blood vessels, and lymph. The human circulatory system circulates blood through two loops (double circulation)
- One for oxygenated bloo The human heart consists of four chambers The human circulatory system possesses a body comprise of arteries, veins, and capillaries. The primary function of blood vessels is to transport oxygenated blood and nutrients to all parts of the body. It is also tasked with collecting metabolic wastes to be expelled from the body. responsible for collecting metabolic waste and toxins from the cells and tissues to be purified
Features of Circulatory System
The crucial features of human circulatory are as follows: The human circulatory system consists of blood, heart, blood vessels, and lymph. The human circulatory system circulates blood through two loops (double circulation) One for oxygenated blood, another for deoxygenated blood. The human heart consists of four chambers – two ventricles and two auricles. The human circulatory system possesses a body-wide network of blood vessels. These comprise of arteries, veins, and capillaries. function of blood vessels is to transport oxygenated blood and nutrients to all parts of the body. It is also tasked with collecting metabolic wastes to be expelled from the body. responsible for collecting metabolic waste and toxins from the cells and tissues to be purified The human circulatory system consists of blood, heart, blood vessels, and lymph. The human circulatory system circulates blood through two loops (double circulation) two ventricles and two auricles. wide network of blood vessels. These function of blood vessels is to transport oxygenated blood and nutrients to all parts of the body. It is also tasked with collecting metabolic wastes to be
Heart, a major part of the human circulatory system Though other animals possess a heart, the way their circulatory system functions is quite different from humans. Moreover, in some cases, the human circulatory system is much more evolved when compared to insects or molluscs.
Double Circulation
The way blood flows in the human body is unique, and it is quite efficient too. The blood circulates through the heart twice; hence, it is called double circulation. Other animals like fish have single circulation, where blood completes a circuit through the entire animal only once. The main advantage of double circulation is that every tissue in the body has a steady supply of oxygenated blood, and it does not get mixed with the deoxygenated blood.
Circulation of blood in humans – Double circulation
Blood
Blood is the body’s fluid connective tissue, and it forms a vital part of the human circulatory system. Its main function is to circulate nutrients, hormones, minerals and other essential components to different parts of the body. Blood flows through a specified set of pathways called blood vessels. The organ which is involved in pumping blood to different body parts is the heart. Blood cells, blood plasma, proteins, and other mineral components (such as sodium, potassium and calcium) constitute human blood. Blood is composed of: Plasma – the fluid part of the blood and is composed of 90% of water. Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets constitute the solid part of blood.
Types of Blood Cells
The human body consists of three types of blood cells, namely:
- The substances present in the blood helps repair the damaged tissue.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. How does the human circulatory system work?
The human circulatory system is a network of arteries, veins, capillaries designed to provide essential minerals, nutrients, and other essential components to various parts of the body. It also collects metabolic waste to be filtered or expelled from the body.
2. What are the three types of circulation?
Pulmonary Circulation Systemic Circulation Coronary Circulation
3. Is the human circulatory system open or closed?
The human circulatory system is a closed system that pumps blood through a network of arteries and veins. This type of circulation is seen in all vertebrates and some invertebrates.
4. What is the advantage of a closed circulatory system?
In a closed circulatory system, more pressure is available in the system, and the blood can reach the body extremities much quicker. This translates to a much faster metabolism rate and quicker movements in organisms with closed circulatory systems.
5. What is double circulation?
Double circulation is a system of circulation where the blood flows through the heart twice. This type of circulation is very effective as the body has a constant supply of oxygenated blood.
6. What are the dangers of high blood pressure?
High blood pressure can cause the inner walls of the arteries to get damaged. It can also cause arteries to become less elastic. Worst-case scenario, it can cause an aneurysm (a bulge in the artery that can potentially rupture).
7. What is a stroke?
A stroke is caused when brain cells do not get enough oxygen and blood supply. This causes the cells to die, resulting in symptoms such as numbness in the face, arms or a part of the body.
8. What is hypertension?
Hypertension is another term for high blood pressure. It occurs when the blood travels through the blood vessels with more force than normal. This can result in damage to the body. An average healthy human has a blood pressure of 120/80 Hg. Values higher than this is considered hypertension.
9. What is hypo-tension?
Also known as low blood pressure, hypotension is a condition where the blood flows through the blood vessels with unusually low pressure. On average, healthy blood pressure is considered to be between 120/80 Hg. Anything lower than this is considered as hypo-tension.
10. What was the earliest circulatory system like?
The circulatory system evolved as an efficient method to pump important nutrients and collect waste materials throughout the body. The earliest circulatory system resembled today’s open circulatory system where blood flowed in a hollow enclosed space. Closed circulation evolved much later in ancestors of vertebrates Disorders of the Circulatory System A disorder is defined as a state of irregular functioning of the body. The disorders of the circulatory system could be defined as any ailment which affects the heart, blood vessels, and the blood cells. This disorder leads to the insufficient or reduced transportation of blood, oxygen, hormones, and nutrients to the tissue and cells. Example: High Blood Pressure. Let us take an overview of disorders of the circulatory system. Example: High Blood Pressure. Let us take an overview of disorders of the circulatory system.
Circulatory System
The circulatory system may be defined as the system which is involved in the circulation of lymph and blood throughout the body. The circulatory system consists of many parts like heart, blood vessels, blood cells, lymph, lymphatic vessels, and glands. This disorder may be affected by the following factors:
- An emotional response to distressing events like an accident.
- Blockage of a blood vessel.
supplies the blood to the heart muscle and this deposition leads to the blockage of the blood flow. The examples of waxy substances are fat, cholesterol and fibrous tissues. As a result, it may also cause a heart attack. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) could be caused by the following factors:
- Smoking.
- High blood pressure.
- High cholesterol.
- Diabetes or insulin resistance. Angina Angina is the condition in which chest pain occurs if the heart receives insufficient oxygen and nutrients through the blood vessels. Angina could be caused by the different risk factors. These factors are as follows:
- Smoking.
- Age factor (More than 40 age).
- Hypertension.
- Obesity.
- Physical inactivity. Heart Failure Heart failure may be defined as a chronic condition when the heart doesn’t pump sufficient blood to the tissue cells in the body. It is sometimes known as congestive heart failure because the main symptom of heart failure is lung congestion. Heart failure may be caused by the following risk factors:
- Smoking.
- Obesity.
- Intake of fat-rich food.
