Download HUBS 191 progress test 2 / Actual Questions & Verified Answers, 2025 / 2026. ____________ and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
HUBS 191 progress test 2 / Actual
Questions & Verified Answers, 2025 /
_____________Quiz____________? central nervous system -
Answer ✓✓
nervous system consisting of brain and spinal cord _____________Quiz____________? peripheral nervous system -
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nervous system consisting of peripheral nerves _____________Quiz____________? glia -
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'glue' provide support for neurons, 5 type, 4 in CNS, 1 in PNS _____________Quiz____________? neurons -
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nerve cells, transmission of information
_____________Quiz____________? dendrites -
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recieve input, send info into cell body _____________Quiz____________? cell body -
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contains nucleus and organelles _____________Quiz____________? axon -
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carries electrical impulses, may/may not be myelinated _____________Quiz____________? axon terminals -
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end terminus of the axon, neuro transmitter release _____________Quiz____________? tract -
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bundle of axons in the CNS _____________Quiz____________? grey matter -
_____________Quiz____________? conduction zone -
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axon may be quite long, carry electrical signals between brain areas to and from spinal cord or to and from peripheral sensory receptors _____________Quiz____________? output zone -
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axon terminals, contact input of other neurons, release of neuro transmitter _____________Quiz____________? multipolar -
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multiple processes emanate from the cell body, the 'typical' neuron _____________Quiz____________? bipolar -
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2 processes emanate from the cell body (axon and long bridge to dendrites _____________Quiz____________? unipolar -
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1 process emanates from cell body (hangs on side of axon) _____________Quiz____________?
anaxonic -
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no distinct axon, all processes look alike _____________Quiz____________? astrocytes -
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supply nutrients to neuron, ensheath blood capillaries, transmit information, CNS _____________Quiz____________? microglia -
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immune cells of the CNS, engulf micro organisms / debris _____________Quiz____________? ependymal cells -
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line fluid filled spaces of brain and spinal cord, have cillia to circulate CSF, CNS _____________Quiz____________? oligodentrocytes -
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support nerve fibres, ensheath them with myelin, CNS _____________Quiz____________? schwann cells -
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info comes through receptors, afferent nerves, into CNS, integration/coordination, motor efferent (somatic or autonomic) _____________Quiz____________? somatic -
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the stuff we are aware of and have control over _____________Quiz____________? somatic afferent -
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sensory information of what we are aware of _____________Quiz____________? somatic efferent -
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voluntary muscle control, 2 neurons between brain and effector, upper and lower motor neuron _____________Quiz____________? upper motor neuron -
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cell body in brain, axon in spinal cord _____________Quiz____________? lower motor neuron -
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cell body in spinal cord, axon in spinal nerve
_____________Quiz____________? neuro-muscular junction -
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Where neuron releases neurotransmitters (ACh) that depolarize muscle fiber cells - > contraction _____________Quiz____________? autonomic -
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involuntary control, 3 neurons between brain and effector, 2 divisions, sympathetic and parasympathetic _____________Quiz____________? autonomic neuron 1 -
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cell body in brain, axon in brain or spinal cord (CNS) _____________Quiz____________? autonomic neuron 2 -
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cell body in brain or spinal cord, axon in PNS , myelinated, neurotransmitter = ACh _____________Quiz____________? autonomic neuron 3 -
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cell body in PNS, axon in PNS, unmyelinated, neurotransmitter = NE
resting membrane potential -
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- 70mV high conc. K+ inside, high conc Na+ outside _____________Quiz____________? action potential -
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resting membrane - depolarzation - activation of sodium ion channels - rapid depolarization - inactivation of sodium ion channels/activation of potassium ion channels- potassium ions channels close when very hyperpolarized - both shut and pump restores voltage _____________Quiz____________? threshold -
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action potential must exceed axon hillock for it to be propagated, must exceed - 60mV (once threshold is exceeded it will continue to depolarize to +30mV before re polarization) _____________Quiz____________? synaptic transmission -
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chemical binds to protein site (ACh) opening gates for protons to flow through chemically gated channels in NMJ _____________Quiz____________? graded depolarization -
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chemical stimulus opens sodium ion channel, stimulus is removed and excess Na+ transported out of cytosol, chemical stimulus opens K+ ion channels, chemical stimulus removed
_____________Quiz____________? foramen magnum -
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A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord _____________Quiz____________? spinal cord -
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starts at foramen magnum, finished inferior to border of first lumbar vertebra (conus medularis) inside meningeal sack which fits inside spinal cavity, filum terminale anchors spinal cord _____________Quiz____________? conus medularis -
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non neural cone shaped ending to the spinal cord _____________Quiz____________? filum terminale -
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fibrous non neural tissue tethering spinal cord to end of spinal cavity _____________Quiz____________? coccygeal -
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tail bone/where the filum terminale anchors
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info leaves spinal cord through ventral roots, somatic cell bodies in ventral horn, autonomic cell bodies in lateral horn _____________Quiz____________? inwards flow -
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cell bodies of sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglion, info comes in though dorsal roots _____________Quiz____________? dorsal ramus -
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efferent to back, afferent from back, somatic _____________Quiz____________? ventral ramus -
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efferent to front, afferent from front, somatic _____________Quiz____________? epineurium -
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surrounds the entire nerve _____________Quiz____________? nerve made of -
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fasicles and blood vessels
_____________Quiz____________? perineurium -
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surrounds each fascicle _____________Quiz____________? fasicle made of -
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endoneurium covered axons _____________Quiz____________? 3 protective layers to the brain -
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dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater _____________Quiz____________? dura mater -
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outermost layer, dense fibrous and tough, outer and inner layers, can separate to form venous sinuses, form dural folds _____________Quiz____________? dural folds -
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separate major divisions of brain, made by inner layer of dura mater, falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, tentorium cerebelli, provide stability of brain
subarachnoid space -
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layers/legs like pier at beach filled with cerebro spinal fluid and blood vessels, forms gel cushion _____________Quiz____________? arachnoid granulations -
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perforate inner layer of dura mater forming granulations, transports old CSF from sub arachnoid space into venous sinus _____________Quiz____________? pia mater -
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inner layer of the meninges, transparent and delicate, blood vessels and arachnoid space sit ontop of it, adheres to brain and follows gyri and extends into sulci _____________Quiz____________? ventricular system -
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network of interconnected spaces within brain, filled with CSF which nourishes and protects brain, lined with ependymal cells which circulate the CSF produced by choriod plexus _____________Quiz____________? ventricles -
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2 lateral ventricles, third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, 4th ventricle, central canal (spinal cord)
_____________Quiz____________? lateral ventricles -
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2 of them, 1 in each hemisphere, in cerebrum _____________Quiz____________? 3rd ventricle -
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located in the diencephalon _____________Quiz____________? cerebral aqueducts -
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connects the third and fourth ventricles, located midbrain _____________Quiz____________? 4th ventricle -
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located level with cerebellum, has small holes into the sub arachnoid space _____________Quiz____________? cerebro spinal fluid -
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surrounds CNS, provides support and cushioning, transport nutrients and waste, produced by choroid plexus within ventrticles _____________Quiz____________? frontal lobe -
_____________Quiz____________? lateral sulcus -
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between temporal and parietal/frontal lobes _____________Quiz____________? transverse fissure -
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separates cerebrum from cerebellum _____________Quiz____________? Diencephalon -
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thalamus and hypothalamus, filled with CSF _____________Quiz____________? brain stem -
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midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata (where sides change), connects brain to spinal cord _____________Quiz____________? corpus callosum -
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A thick band of axons that connects the two cerebral hemispheres and acts as a communication link between them _____________Quiz____________?
commissural tracts -
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i.e. corpus callosum, axoms going both ways through the brain, communicating between hemispheres _____________Quiz____________? projection tracts -
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axons extend between cerebral cortex and other CNS areas outside cerebrum i.e. corticospinal tract _____________Quiz____________? association tracts -
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axons on same side within cerebral cortex, communication between brain areas, short or long distance, allows association between physical and visual _____________Quiz____________? primary motor cortex -
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precentral gyrus, specific regions control specific regions of body, LHS brain controls RHS body, corticospinal pathway, 2 neurons _____________Quiz____________? primary somatosensory cortex -
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post central gyrus, specific regions receive information from specific regions within the body, 3 neuron process synapse in medulla oblongata and thalmus
