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HOSA CLINICAL NURSING QUESTION BANK ALL
WITH 250 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
SOLUTIONS JUST RELEASED THIS YEAR
QUESTION: What are high-technology interventions (the provisions of intravennous therapy and ventilator), hospice services, pediatric care, and mental health care for? - ANSWER✔✔Specialty home care services QUESTION: What is the process of restoring an individual to the best possible health and functioning following a physical or mental impairment and the prevention of further disablity? - ANSWER✔✔Rehabilitation QUESTION: Caring for what type of patient requires the coordinated services of a large number of health care professionals to help patients stay healthy and prevent complications or injuries?
- ANSWER✔✔Disabled QUESTION: As an effective member of a multidiscipliary rehabilitation team, the ____ is a care planner, teacher, caregiver, counselor, coordinator and advocate. - ANSWER✔✔Nurse QUESTION: _____ _____ workers must consider the way a disabled individual funciton within the family and the patient and family should be involved from the outset in determining the plan of care - ANSWER✔✔Health care
QUESTION: ______ in activites of daily living is the best indicator of who will need nursing home placement. - ANSWER✔✔Dependence QUESTION: What system has greatly increased the number and types of health care settings? - ANSWER✔✔Health care system QUESTION: What health care workers help individuals and aggregates (groups) to improve health of the entire community? - ANSWER✔✔Community health nurses QUESTION: What is the main difference between home health care nursing and public health care nursing? - ANSWER✔✔Direct care to patients QUESTION: What major health care involves teaching patients and families to care for themselves so as to promote independent functioning? - ANSWER✔✔Home health care QUESTION: What is a major source of home health care funding? - ANSWER✔✔Medicare QUESTION: For what do these 4 conditions have to be met for?
- the physician has determined the need for home care and has made or authorized a plan for home care
QUESTION: What process involves enzymes help break down food particles to their simplest form so that the nutrients can be absorbed by the body? - ANSWER✔✔Digestive QUESTION: What body system regulates neural control and the secrection of hormones? - ANSWER✔✔Gastrointestinal QUESTION: Parasympathetic nerves simulate what? - ANSWER✔✔Digestive activity QUESTION: What major organ is is normally emptied in 1 to 4 hours, dependign on the amount and kinds of foods eaten? - ANSWER✔✔Stomach QUESTION: The primary organ of absorbtion is the ____ _____. - ANSWER✔✔Small intestine QUESTION: Fluids, vitamins, and minerals are absorbed through the intestinal _____. - ANSWER✔✔Mucosa QUESTION: The body makes use the energy received through the food that is eaten, and the _____ portion of _____ expenditure occurs during rest to carry out the mechanical activities needed to sustain life processes. - ANSWER✔✔Largest/energy
QUESTION: Although ______ are the body's main source of food energy, ____ are the most concentrated source. - ANSWER✔✔Carbohydrates/fats QUESTION: Most of the energy needed to move, perform activites, and live is consumed in the form of _____, which are converted primarily to glucose for immediate use by the body's cells. - ANSWER✔✔Carbohydrates QUESTION: _____ are a major source of energy for muscle tissue, even when glucose is available. - ANSWER✔✔Lipids QUESTION: _____ are made of smaller units called amino acids. - ANSWER✔✔Proteins QUESTION: _____ and _____ are micronutrients; they are needed in small amounts for good health. - ANSWER✔✔Vitamins/minerals QUESTION: _____ is the largest component of the body and body tissues are essential to all life processes in the body. - ANSWER✔✔Water QUESTION: Maintaining a good diet can help middle-aged and older adults maintain a high level of function and reduce the risks of ______ disease. - ANSWER✔✔Chronic
QUESTION: _______ _______ is enough of a drug to produce the desired physiological response, but not enogh to cause toxicity. - ANSWER✔✔Therapeutic response QUESTION: All _____ should be stored in a locked cabinet. - ANSWER✔✔Narcotics QUESTION: Narcotics should be _____ frequently, during the opening of narcotic drawers, and/or shift change. - ANSWER✔✔Counted QUESTION: Report descrepancies in narcotic counts ____. - ANSWER✔✔Immediately QUESTION: If you give only part of a premeasured dose of a controlled substance, a ____ nurse witnesses' disposal of the unused portion. - ANSWER✔✔Second QUESTION: _____ nurses sign their names on the required form. - ANSWER✔✔Both QUESTION: _____ is the passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of administration. - ANSWER✔✔Absorption QUESTION: After a medication is absorbed, it is ______ to tissues and organs and finally to the site of drug action. - ANSWER✔✔Distributed
QUESTION: The rate and extent of distribution depends on _____ , cell membrane ______, and protein binding. When there is poor perfusion, as in the case of heart failure, this ____ medication distribution. - ANSWER✔✔Circulation/permeability/alters QUESTION: After a medication reaches its site of action, it becomes ______ into a less active or inactive form. - ANSWER✔✔Metabolized QUESTION: Most biotransformation occurs in the _____, although the lungs, kidneys, blood, and intestines also play a role - ANSWER✔✔Liver QUESTION: Patients (e.g., older adults and those with chronic disease) are at risk for ________ ______ if their organs that metabolize medications do not function correctly. - ANSWER✔✔Medication toxicity QUESTION: The final aspect of pharmacokinetics is ______, the process of medications exiting the body through the lungs, exocrine glands, bowel, kidneys, and liver. - ANSWER✔✔Excretion QUESTION: A medication's _____ _____ determines the organ of excretion. For example, gaseous and volatile compounds, such as alcohol and nitrous oxide, exit through the _____. - ANSWER✔✔Chemical makeup/lungs
QUESTION: If the side effects are serious enough to outweigh the _____ of a medication's therapeutic action, the prescriber will likely _____ the medication. - ANSWER✔✔Benefits/discontinue QUESTION: Patients commonly _____ taking medications because of side effects such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, and diarrhea. - ANSWER✔✔Stop QUESTION: _____ drug effects are unintended, undesirable, and often unpredictable. - ANSWER✔✔Adverse QUESTION: Unfortunately, although ADEs are sometimes immediately apparent, they often take ___ or ____ to develop. - ANSWER✔✔Weeks/months QUESTION: _____ recognition and reporting of ADEs will prevent serious injury to patients. - ANSWER✔✔Prompt QUESTION: _____ _____ develop after prolonged intake of a medication, when a medication accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion, or when too high a dose is given. - ANSWER✔✔Toxic effects
QUESTION: Toxic levels of morphine, an opioid, cause severe _____ ______ and death. - ANSWER✔✔Respiratory depression QUESTION: Medications often cause unpredictable effects such as an _______ _______, in which a patient _______or _______to a medication or has a reaction different from normal. - ANSWER✔✔idiosyncratic reaction/overreacts/underreacts QUESTION: Predicting which patients will have an idiosyncratic response is _______. - ANSWER✔✔Impossible QUESTION: Ativan, an antianxiety medication, when given to an older adult may cause _____ and ______. - ANSWER✔✔Agitation/delirium QUESTION: _______ ______ also are unpredictable responses to a medication. Exposure to an initial dose of a medication causes a patient to become sensitized _______. - ANSWER✔✔Allergic reactions/immunologically QUESTION: The medication acts as an ____, which causes _______ to be produced. With repeated _________, the patient develops an allergic response to the drug, its chemical preservatives, or a metabolite. - ANSWER✔✔antigen/antibodies/administration
QUESTION: The point at which the lowest amount of drug is in the serum is the ______ concentration. - ANSWER✔✔Trough QUESTION: A patient's trough level is drawn as a blood sample __ ______before administering the drug, and the peak level is drawn whenever the drug is expected to reach its peak _____. - ANSWER✔✔30 minutes/concentration QUESTION: What is The right medication, The right dose, The right patient, The right route, The right time, The right documentation? - ANSWER✔✔The 6 rights of medication QUESTION: ______ procedures classified by purpose are:
- Diagnostic
- Exploratory
- Curative
- Palliative
- Cosmetic - ANSWER✔✔Surgical QUESTION: ______ procedure involves the removal and study of tissue to make an accurate diagnosis. - ANSWER✔✔Diagnostic
QUESTION: _______ procedure includes a more extensive procedure than a biopsy. - ANSWER✔✔Exploratory QUESTION: ________ procedure is made to remove diseased tissue or to correct defects. - ANSWER✔✔Curative QUESTION: _______ procedure relieves symptoms or improves function without correcting the basic problem. - ANSWER✔✔Palliative QUESTION: _______ procedure is performed to correct serious defects that affects appearance.
- ANSWER✔✔Cosmetic QUESTION: _____ that affect surgical outcomes are age, nutritional status, fluid and electrolyte balance, medical diagnoses, drugs, and habits such as use of tobacco and alcohol. - ANSWER✔✔Variables QUESTION: The ______ of the surgical experience are Preoperative, Intraoperative and Postoperative. - ANSWER✔✔Phases QUESTION: _____ measures to reduce patient anxiety and increase knowledge about the surgical experience may actually decreas complications. - ANSWER✔✔Nursing
QUESTION: ______ is the biomedical science of old age and the application of knowledge related to the biologic, biomedical, behavioral, and social aspects of aging to the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care of older people. - ANSWER✔✔Geriatrics QUESTION: _______ nursing aims to increase healthy behaviors in the aged, minimize and compensate for health-related losses and impairments of aging, and facilitate the diagnosis, care, and treatment of disease in the aged. - ANSWER✔✔Gerontological QUESTION: Health care providers must recognize myths about the older adult and aging that results in _____ and _____ against older people. - ANSWER✔✔Stereotyping/discrimination QUESTION: Age-related ____ that contribute to a decreased ability to clear drugs through the ____ and renal system place the older adult at risk for adverse drug effects. - ANSWER✔✔Changes/liver QUESTION: What is the normal visual acuity range for neonates? - ANSWER✔✔20/100 to 20/ QUESTION: What is involuntary rapid eye movements common in neonates called? - ANSWER✔✔Nystagmus
QUESTION: What is involuntary turning inward of the eyes also common in neonates called? - ANSWER✔✔Estropia QUESTION: By ages 2 to 3 most children have a visual acuity of? - ANSWER✔✔20/ QUESTION: At what age is visual acuity 20/20? - ANSWER✔✔ 7 QUESTION: By what month is the auditory nerve function mature in the infant? - ANSWER✔✔ 5 QUESTION: What month are alertness to light and visual stimulus 8-12 inches away, can follow an object 60 degrees horizontally and 30 degrees vertically; blings at an approaching object milestones for a neonate? - ANSWER✔✔ 1 QUESTION: What month are follows a person or object for 180 degrees from 6 feet away; smiles in response to a face; raises head 30 degrees from prone milestones for a neonate? - ANSWER✔✔ 2 QUESTION: What month are tracks an object through 180 degrees; regards own hand; begins visual motor coordination milestones for a neonate? - ANSWER✔✔ 3
QUESTION: What are a plugged lacrimal duct, treatment involves massaging the tear duct every 4 hours while infant is awake; after 1 year lacrimal ducts that are still plugged may be surgically opened symptoms of? - ANSWER✔✔Mimic conjuctivitis QUESTION: What are edema of the eyelid, reddened conjunctiva and enlarged preauricular glands. itching/burning, mild photophobia common complaints in older children symptoms of? - ANSWER✔✔Bacterial conjunctivitis QUESTION: Conjuctivitis that is normally unilateral is called? - ANSWER✔✔Bacterial conjunctivitis QUESTION: Viral conjunctivitis usually occurs _____. - ANSWER✔✔Bilaterally QUESTION: Allergic conjunctivitis is characterized by iching, reddened eyes with watery discharge and the conjunctiva has what type of appearance? - ANSWER✔✔Cobblestone QUESTION: What are bacteria and is an uncommon complication of sinusitis symptoms of? - ANSWER✔✔Periobital cellulitis QUESTION: Orbital cellulitis can also lead to ____ _____. - ANSWER✔✔Bacterial meningitis
HOSA - CLINICAL NURSING EXAM
QUESTION: at the time of birth - ANSWER✔✔a nurse needs to promote bonding and attachment QUESTION: client lacking oxygen - ANSWER✔✔the nurse should look for cyanosis (blueness of skin) and difficulty breathing QUESTION: client likely to fall - ANSWER✔✔the nurse should look for an unsteady gait, bruising on the limbs, or a history of paralysis QUESTION: client crying, depressed, or angry - ANSWER✔✔the nurse should look for a place of isolation for the client or an inability to control frustrations QUESTION: what can threaten the body's oxygen supply? - ANSWER✔✔emphysema, asthma, paralysis, or secretions QUESTION: what can threaten the body's water supply? - ANSWER✔✔unconsciousness, inability to swallow, and severe mental illnesses
