Download HOSA Clinical Nursing Competition Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
1 / 18
HOSA clinical nursing competition Questions
With Complete Solutions
1.What system has greatly increased the number and types of health care settings?: Health care
system
2.What health care workers help individuals and aggregates (groups) to im- prove health of the
entire community? Community health nurses
3.What is the main difference between home health care nursing and public health care nursing?:
Direct care to patients
4.What major health care involves teaching patients and families to care for themselves so as to
promote independent functioning? Home health care
5.What is a major source of home health care funding? Medicare
6.For what do these 4 conditions have to be met for?
- the physician has determined the need for home care
- the patient needs intermitted skilled nursing care or physical or speech-lan- guage therapy or
continued occupational therapy
3. the patient is homebound
- the agency providing the care is Medicare certified: Medicare 7.What are the high-technology interventions (the provisions of intravenous therapy and ventilator),
hospice services, pediatric care, and mental health care for?: Specialty home care services
8.What is the process of restoring an individual to the best possible health and functioning following
2 / 18 a physical or mental impairment and the prevention of further disability?: Rehabilitation
9.Caring for what type of patient requires the coordinated services of a large number of health care
professionals to help patients stay healthy and prevent complications or injuries?: Disabled
10.As an effective member of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team, the
is a care planner, teacher, caregiver, counselor, coordinator, and advocate: Nurse
11. workers must consider the way a disabled individual functions within
the family and the patient and family should be involved from the outset in determining the plan of care: Health care
12. in activities of daily living is the best indicator of who will need nursing
home placement: Dependence
13.What residential care exists in these 4 levels:
1. domiciliary care
2. sheltered housing
3. intermediate care
4. skilled care: Modern long-term
14.Care delivered in residential facility is based on 3 princi- ples:
1. promotion of independence
2. maintenance of function
3. maintenance of autonomy (freedom from external authority to make deci- sions about one's
health and health care): Long-term care
15.What is the cornerstone of the healing process?: Nutrition
4 / 18
28. and are micronutrients; they are needed in small amounts for
good health: Vitamins/minerals
29. is the largest component of the body and body tissues are essential to all life
processes in the body: Water
30.Maintaining a good diet can help middle-aged and older adults maintain a high level of function
and reduce the risks of disease: Chronic
31.Because of the normal decline in metabolism and physical activity,
needs lessen with age: Energy
32. are at risk for megaloblastic anemia if adequate
is not added to the diet: Vegetarians/vitamin B
33.Anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and binge eating disorder are disorders
that often begin in adolescence: Eating
34. disorders are thought to be caused by multiple biologic, psycho- logic, sociocultural,
and spiritual factors: Eating
35.For patients who cannot take feedings, nutritional support may be provided
through enteral tube feedings, or peripheral, or central catheters: - Oral
36.If a subcutaneous injection is to be given at a 90 degree angle, you should choose a needle that
is inches in length: 1/
37.If a subcutaneous injection is to be given at a 45 degree angle, you should choose a needle that
is inches in length: 5/
38. is enough of a drug to produce the desired physiological response, but not
enough to cause toxicity: Therapeutic response
5 / 18
39.All should be stored in a locked cabinet: Narcotics
40.Narcotics should be frequently, during the opening of narcotic drawers,
and/or shift change: Counted
41.Report discrepancies in narcotic counts : Immediately
42.If you give only part of a premeasured dose of a controlled substance, a
nurse witnesses' disposal disposal of the unused portion: Second
43. nurses sign their names on the required form: Both
44. is the passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of administration:
Absorption
45.After a medication is absorbed, it is to tissues and organs and finally
to the site of drug action: Distributed
46.The rate and extent of distribution depends on , cell membrane
, and protein binding. When their is poor perfusion, as in the case of heart failure, this medication distribution: Circulation/permeability/alters
47.After a medication reaches its site of action, it becomes into a less
active or inactive form: Metabolized
48.Most biotransformation occurs in the , although the lungs, kid- neys,
blood, and intestines also play a role: Liver
49.Patients (e.g. older adults and those with chronic disease) are at risk for
if their organs that metabolize medications do not function correctly: Medication toxicity
50. The final aspect of
7 / 18 therapeutic action, the prescriber will likely the medication: Ben- efits/discontinue
60.Patients commonly taking medications because of side effects such as
anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, con- stipation, and diarrhea: Stop
61. drug effects are unintended, undesirable, and often unpredictable-
: Adverse
62.Unfortunately, although ADEs are sometimes immediately apparent, they often take or to
develop: Weeks/months
63. recognition and reporting of ADEs will prevent serious injury to patients: Prompt
64. develop after prolonged intake of a medication, when a medication
accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion, or when too high a dose is given: Toxic effects
65.Toxic levels of morphine, an opioid, cause severe and
death: Respiratory depression
8 / 18
66.Medications often cause unpredictable effects such as an ,
in which a patient or to a medication or has a reaction different from normal: Idiosyncratic reaction/overreacts/underreacts
67.Predicting which patients will have an idiosyncratic response is : -
Impossible
68.Ativan, an antianxiety medication, which given to an older adult may cause
and : Agitation/delirium
69. also are unpredictable responses to a medication: Allergic reactions
70.Exposure to an initial dose of a medication causes a patient to become sensitized :
Immunologically
71.The medication acts as an , which causes to be produced: -
Antigen/antibodies
72.With repeated , the patient develops an allergic response to the drug, its
chemical preservatives, or a metabolite: Administration
73.Among the different classes of medications, cause a high inci-
dence of allergic reactions: Antibiotics
74. is fastest, directly into the blood stream: IV
75. is second fastest, injected into muscle then absorbed into the bloodstream: IM
76. is third fastest, injected into subcutaneous tissue, then absorbed slower than IM: SQ
77. is slowest, swallowed by the patient, then goes through the stom- ach, then the first
10 / 18
3. curative
4. palliative
5. cosmetic: Surgical
84. procedure involves the removal and study of tissue to make an accurate diagnosis:
Diagnostic
85. procedure includes a more extensive procedure than a biopsy: Ex- ploratory
86. procedure is made to remove diseased tissue or to correct defects-
: Curative
87. procedure relieves symptoms or improves function without cor- recting the basic
problem: Palliative
88. procedure is performed to correct serious defects that affects appearance:
Cosmetic
89. that affect surgical outcomes are age, nutritional status, fluid and electrolyte balance,
medical diagnoses, drugs, and habits such as use of tobacco and alcohol: Variables
90.The of the surgical experience are Preoperative, Intraoperative, and Postoperative:
Phases
91. measures to reduce patient anxiety and increase knowledge about the surgical
experience may actually decrease complications: Nursing
92. teaching should include surgical preparation; what to expect in the surgical suite and
the PACU; what tubes, dressings, or equipment may be in place after surgery; and how patient
11 / 18 participation can promote : Preop- erative/surgery
93.Before , the patient or legal guardian must sign a legal
form.: Surgery/consent
94.Consent forms from the patient must be obtained preoperative
medications are given: Before
95.After preoperative medications are given the patient should in
bed: Remain
96.The team consists of nurses who circulate, nurses who scrub, an RFNA, one or more
surgeons, an anesthesiologist or a nurse anesthesiologist, and other technical personnel: Surgical
97. is an ongoing development process that begins at conception and ends at death:
Aging
98. is the study of aging: Gerontology
99. is the biomedical science of old age and the application of knowl- edge related to the
biologic, biomedical, behavioral, and social aspects of ag- ing to the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care of older people: Geriatrics
13 / 18 in response to a face; raises head 30 degrees from prone milestones for a neonate?: 2
111. What month are they can track an object through 180 degrees; regards own hand; begins
visual motor coordination milestones for a neonate?: 3
112. What month(s) are social smile; reaches for cube 12 inches away; notices a raisin 12 inches
away; stares at own hand milestones for a neonate?: 4-
113. What month(s) are reaches and grasps an object; picks up a raisin by raking; transfers
objects from hand to hand milestones for a neonate?: 7-
114. What month(s) are pokes at holes in a peg board; well-developed pincer grasp; crawls;
uncovers toy at seeing it hidden milestones for a neonate?: 8-
115. What month(s) are stacks blocks; places a peg in a round hole; stands and walks
milestones for a neonate?: 12-
116. What is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that lines the inside of the
lid and sclera a symptom of?: Conjunctivitis
117. What is conjunctivitis in an infant under 30 days of age which is usually acquired from the
mother during vaginal birth a symptom of?: Ophthalmia neonatorum
14 / 18
118. What kind of measure is given into the newborn's eyes soon after birth?-
: Antibiotics
119. What is a plugged lacrimal duct, treatment involves massaging the tear duct every 4 hours
while infant is awake; after 1 year lacrimal ducts that are still plugged may be surgically opened a symptom of?: Mimic conjuctivitis
120. What are edema of the eyelid, reddened conjunctiva and enlarged preau- ricular glands,
itching/burning, mild photophobia common complaints in older children symptoms of?: Bacterial conjunctivitis
121. Conjunctivitis that is normally unilateral is called?: Bacterial conjuctivitis?
122. Viral conjunctivitis usually occurs :
Bilaterally
123. Allergic conjunctivitis is characterized bu itching, reddened eyes with wa- tery discharge and
the conjunctiva has what type of appearance?: Cobblestone
124. What are bacteria and is an uncommon complication of sinusitis symp- toms of?:
Periorbital cellulitis
125. Orbital cellulitis can also lead to
: Bacterial meningitis
126. What does the "S" stand for in SOAP: Subjective
127. What does the "O" stand for in SOAP: Objective
128. What does the "A" stand for in SOAP: Assessment
16 / 18
137. What is pain that arises from internal organs such as the heart, kidneys, and intestines that
are diseased or injured: Visceral pain
138. What kind of pain has some of the following causes: ischemia (reduced arterial blood flow
to an organ), compression of an organ, and intestinal distention with gas or contraction as occurs with with gallbladder or kidney stones: Visceral pain
139. What kind of pain usually is diffuse, poorly localized, and accompanied by an autonomic
nervous system with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, pallor, hypotension, and sweating: Visceral pain
140. What is a term used to describe discomfort that is perceived in a general area of the body
but not in the exact site where the organ is and anatomically located: Referred pain
141. What kind of pain is processed abnormally by the nervous system and results from
damage to either the pain pathways in peripheral nerves or pain-processing centers in the brain (ex: phantom limb pain): Neuropathic pain
142. What is a term that describes discomfort that lasts longer than 6 months and is almost
totally opposite from those of acute pain: Chronic pain
143. What are periods of acute pain for chronic pain sufferers called: Break- through pain
144. What is the conversion of chemical information in the cellular environ- ment to electrical
impulses that move toward the spinal cord: Transduction
145. What are the chemicals that are released by the damaged cells that stimulate
specialized pain receptors located in the free nerve endings of peripheral sensory nerves: Nociceptors
17 / 18
146. What is the phrase during which peripheral nerve fibers form synapses with neurons in the
spinal cord called? The pain impulses move from the spinal cord to sequentially higher levels in the brain. The impulses ascend to the reticular activating system, the limbic system, the thalamus, and finally the cerebral cortex: Transmission
147. What refers to the phrase of impulse transmission during which the brain experiences pain
at a conscious level but many concomitant neural activities occur almost simultaneously? In addition to perceiving the pain, the brain structures in the pain pathway also help to discriminate the location of the pain, determine its intensity, attach meaningfulness to the event, and provoke emotional responses: Perception
148. What is the point at which the pain-transmitting neurochemicals reach the brain, causing
conscious awareness?: Pain threshold
