Honesty is not enough to uphold integrity. Integrity requires more., Summaries of English Language

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500085 The Insufficiency (i Honesty couple of years ago, I began a university commencement ad- dress by telling the audience that I was going to talk about integrity. The crowd broke into applause. Applause! Just be- cause they had heard the word “integrity”: that’s how starved for it they were. They had no idea how I was using the word, or what I was going to say about integrity or in- deed whether I was for it or against it. But they knew that ME ey liked the idea of talking about it. Very well, let us consider this word integrity. Integrity is ) like the weather: everybody talks about it, but nobody knows what to do about it. Integrity is that stuff that we always want more of. Some say that we need to return to the good old days when we had a lot more of it. Others say that we as a na- tion have never really had enough of it. Hardly anybody stops to explain exactly what we mean by it, or how we know it is a good thing, or why everybody needs to have the same amount of it. Indeed, the only crouble with integrity is that everybody who uses the word scems to mean something slightly different. For instance, when I refer (o integrity, do I mean simply “honesty”? The answer is no; although honesty is a virwe of importance, it is a different virtue from integrity. Let us, for simplicity, think of honesty as not lying; and Iet us further accept Sisscla Bok’s definition of a lie: “any intentionally de- ceptive message which is stated.” Plainly, one cannot have in- tegrity without being honest (although, as we shall see, the matter gets complicated), but one can certainly be honest Stephen L. Carter and yet have little integrity. When T refer to integrity, [ have something specific in Public Masagement 7