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Material Type: Assignment; Professor: Abramovich; Class: @TOPICS IN MATH FOR ELEM TCHRS; Subject: EDUCATION - GRADUATE; University: SUNY-Potsdam; Term: Unknown 1989;
Typology: Assignments
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Vygotsky rightly points out that as long as one operates only with the decimal system without being aware of the other bases, one has not mastered the system; rather one is bound by it. When one learns other bases, one can consciously choose one’s system and thus a new level of conceptual control is achieved. Berg, E. E. (1970). L. S. Vygotsky’s theory of the social and historical origins of consciousness. (Dissertation). Part 1. Addition Task 1. Represent base-ten number 13 (one ten and three ones) as the sum of two other base-ten numbers in all possible ways (without regard to order). How many different representations are there? Use manipulatives as thinking tools. Draw pictures of all your representations. Task 2. Represent base-nine number 13 (one nine and three ones) as the sum of two other base-nine numbers in all possible ways (without regard to order). How many different representations are there? Use manipulatives as thinking tools. Draw pictures of all your representations. Task 3. Represent base-eight number 13 (one eight and three ones) as the sum of two other base-eight numbers in all possible ways (without regard to order). How many different representations are there? Use manipulatives as thinking tools. Draw pictures of all your representations. Task 4. Represent base-seven number 13 (one seven and three ones) as the sum of two other base-seven numbers in all possible ways (without regard to order). How many different representations are there? Use manipulatives as thinking tools. Draw pictures of all your representations.
Task 5. Represent base-six number 13 (one six and three ones) as the sum of two other base-six numbers in all possible ways (without regard to order). How many different representations are there? Use manipulatives as thinking tools. Draw pictures of all your representations. Task 6. Describe what your have discovered through the tasks 1-5. In particular, for which base does the number 13 have the most (the least) number of representations? Task 7. Create your own problem similar to those mentioned in the tasks 1-5 and solve it. Part 2. Multiplication Basic problem (see classroom idea 3C for grade 1-2 of New York State math core curriculum). Give students 18 color tiles. Have them make as many rectangles as possible out of the tiles and record each rectangle on a piece of graph paper, noting the number of rows and columns of each rectangle, to find all the multiplication facts for the given number. Task 8. Figure 1 shows how 18 tiles can be grouped to form four rectangles each of which corresponds to a multiplication fact. In other words, the (base-ten) number 18 can be represented as the sum of four products consisting of two factors each. Write down such a representation of 18 based on Figure 1. Figure 1. Grouping eighteen tiles.
Figure 2. Tiles grouped to form four rectangles. Part 3. Reflection. Describe (in a one-page write-up) your experience of using manipulatives for developing conceptual understanding of operations addition and multiplication in a base system. Would it be useful in your future work as a teacher of base-ten arithmetic? Why or why not?