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Animal Anatomy and Physiology Test Bank
Questions ch 1-6 (along with quiz 1) 2022
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Gross Anatomy is also know as A. Macroscopic Anatomy B. Microscopic Anatomy C. Regional Anatomy D. Systemic Anatomy - ANS-A. Macroscopic Anatomy The reference plane that divides the body into cranial and caudal parts that are not necessary equal is the A. Dorsal Plane B. Median Plane C. Sagittal Plane D. Transverse Plane - ANS-D. Transverse Plane The reference plane that runs down the center of the body lengthwise and divides in into equal left and right halves is the A. Dorsal Plane B. Median Plane C. Sagittal Plane D. Transverse Plane - ANS-B. Median Plane The directional terms that means "toward the head" but not on the head is A. Caudal B. Cranial C. Rostral D. Superficial - ANS-B. Cranial An animal's ears are located________ to its eyes A. Caudal B. Cranial C. Rostral D. Superficial - ANS-A. Caudal A dog is standing on the exam table with its front legs up on the chest of its owner. Which surface of the dog is touching the examination table? A. Dorsal B. Palmar C. Plantar D. Ventral - ANS-C. Plantar
If you were told to look for a cut on the palmar surface of a dog's leg, where would you look? A. The back surface of the back leg below the tarsus B. The back surface of the front leg below the carpus C. The front surface of the back leg below the tarsus D. The front surface of the front leg below the carpus - ANS-B. The back surface of the front leg below the carpus All the organs in the thoracic cavity are covered by a thin membrane called the A. Peritoneum B. Pleura C. Viscera D. Vitellus - ANS-B. Pleura How basic tissue types are found in an animal's body? A. 3 B. 4 C. 7 D. 10 - ANS-B. 4 The type of tissue that forms swear glands is ________ tissue A. Adipose B. Connective C. Epithelial D. Muscle - ANS-C. Epithelial Bone is considered what type of tissue? A. Connective tissue B. Epithelial Tissue C. Muscle Tissue D. Nervous Tissue - ANS-A. Connective Tissue An example of a group of tissues working together for a common purpose is A. Brain B. Cartilage C. Mammary glands D. Skeletal Muscle - ANS-D. Skeletal Muscle The process by which physiological processes collectively and actively maintain balance in the structures, functions, and properties of the body is known as A. Health B. Hemostasis C. Holism D. Homeostasis - ANS-D. Homeostasis
C. Proteins D. Water - ANS-D. Water In a mixture the component that is present in the greatest amount is the A. Solute B. Solution C. Solvent D. Suspension - ANS-C. Solvent An ion with positive charge is a/an A. Anion B. Cation C. Electron D. Proton - ANS-B. Cation A substance that ionizes when added to water and releases a hydroxyl ion (OH-) is a/an A. Acid B. Base C. Electrolyte D. Solute - ANS-A. Acid Of the pH below, which considered "neutral" pH? A. 5. B. 7 C. 7. D. 9 - ANS-B. 7 All proteins contain A. Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and hydrogen B. Hydrogen, Iron, Phosphorous, and carbon C. Iron, carbon, sulphur, and hydrogen D. Oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and sulphur - ANS-A. Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Hydrogen What three nucleotides do both DNA and RNA have in common? A. Adenine, guanine, and cytosine B. Adenine, thymine, and cytosine C. Guanine, cytosine, and uracil D. Guanine, thymine, and uracil - ANS-A. Adenine, guanine, and cytosine Cell membrane proteins that occur inside the lipid bilayer are A. Globular proteins B. Integral proteins C. Peripheral proteins D. Structural proteins - ANS-B. Integral proteins
In the lipid bilayer that makes up the cell membranes the hydrophobic fatty acid are A. the inside of the membrane B. The outside of the membrane C. Within the fluid mosaic D. Within the membrane - ANS-A. The inside of the membrane Pores in the cell membrane are formed by A. Globular proteins B. Integral proteins C. Peripheral proteins D. Water - ANS-B. Integral proteins The outside sugar coating of the cell membrane is called the A. Cytoskeleton B. Cytosol C. Glycocalyx D. Glycolipid - ANS-D. Glycolipid Glycoproteins that cover the surfaces of almost all mammalian cells and allow the cells to bond with one another are called A. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) B. Caveolae C. Glycocalyx D. Glycolipid - ANS-A. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs Rigid areas of densely packed phospholipids, cholesterol, and protein in the cell membrane are called A. Rachis B. Rafts C. Rimula D. Rugae - ANS-B. Rafts Cillia are located A. In the cytoplasm of the cell B. On the inner surface of the plasma membrane C. On the surface of the cell D. Within the plasma membrane - ANS-C. On the surface of the cell The function of a flagellum is to A. Move a cell through a fluid B. Move fluid across a cell C. Move fluid into a cell D. Move fluid out of a cell - ANS-A. Move a cell through a fluid Microtubules, intermediate fibers, and microfilaments are all parts of the A. Cytoskeleton
D. Ribosome - ANS-A. Golgi Apparatus The organelle that is considered the garbage disposal of the cell because it contains digestive enzymes in the A. Lyosome B. Mitochondira C. Ribosome D. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS-A. Lysomsome Ions that have a negative charge are called A. Anions B. Cations C. Electrolytes D. Solutes - ANS-B. Cations An alkaline solution is one that has A. A high concentration of hydroxyl ions and a low concentration of hydrogen ions B. A low concentration of hydroxyl ions and a high concentration of hydrogen ions C. A low concentration of hydroxyl ions and a low concentration of hydrogen ions D. Equal concentrations of hydroxyl and hydrogen ions - ANS-A. A high concentration of hydroxyl ions and a low concentration of hydrogen ions Waste products of cellular metabolism that are carried in the blood are slightly accidic. To counteract the effects of the acidic waste materials, what would be an ideal pH for blood? A. B. 6. C. 7 D. 7.4 - ANS-C. 7 The concentration of salt in water in normal is A. 0.9% KCl B. 0.9% NaCl C. 9.0% KCl D. 9.0% NaCl - ANS-B. 0.9% NaCl A solution that contains more solutes than plasma is A. Hypertonic B. Hypotonic C. Isotonic D. Normal Saline - ANS-A. Hypertonic Fluid therapy to correct dehydration in an animal would be A. Maintenance therapy B. Masking therapy C. Replacement therapy
D. Resuscitation therapy - ANS-C. Replacement therapy Diffusion is A. Active osmosis B. Molecules moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in a liquid or gas C. Molecules moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration in a liquid or gas D. Passive osmosis - ANS-B. Molecules moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in a liquid or gas Osmosis involves the movement of ____ to achieve equilibrium between intracellular and extracellular fluids A. electrolytes B. Salts C. Solutes D. Water - ANS-D. Water If cells (e.g. red blood cells) are placed in a hypotonic solution, what will happen to them? A. Nothing will happen B. They will burst C. They will shrivel D. They will stick together - ANS-B. They will burst What processes rely on movement of water through a membrane? A. Cytosis and filtration B. Diffusion and cytosis C. Filtration and osmosis D. Osmosis and diffusion - ANS-C. Filtration and osmosis The basal surface of an epithelial cell A. Faces the lumen of body cavity B. Faces the underlying connective tissue C. Is joined adjacent cells by a desmosome D. Is joined to adjacent cells by a tight junction - ANS-B. Faces the underlying connective tissue Cells that are linked by tubular channels that run from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of the adjacent cell are said to connected by A. Gap junctions B. Junctional complexes C. Tight Junctions D. Tonofilaments - ANS-A. Gap Junctions The ______ anchors a cell to its underlying connective tissue
B. Epithelial tissue C. Muscle Tissue D. Nerve tissue - ANS-A. Connective tissue Glands produce their secretions in their A. Cellular membrane B. Endoplasmic reticulum C. Mitochondria D. Secretory granules - ANS-B.Endoplasmic reticulum When mucin is mixed with water, it becomes A. Mucous B. Apocrine gland C. Holocrine gland D. Merocrine - ANS-A. Mucous If a gland loses the apex of a secretory cell during the secretory process, it is classified as a/an A. Acinar gland B. Apocrine gland C. Holocrine gland D. Merocrine gland - ANS-B. Aporcrine If a gland loses an entire secretory cell during the secretory process, it is classified as a/an A. Acinar gland B. Apocrine gland C. Holorcrine gland D. Meocrine gland - ANS-C. Holocrine gland If a gland has a branched duct that carries secretions to the deposition site, it is a A. Complex gland B. Compound gland C. Tubular gland D. Tuboalveolar gland - ANS-B. Compound gland Which two components of connective tissue allow connective tissue be elastic or rigid, or semisolid or liquid? A. Cell type and ground substance B. Ground substance and fiber types C. Ground substance and vascularization D. Vascularization and cell type - ANS-B. Ground substance and fiber types An example of a wandering cell type in connective tissue is A. Fat cells B. Fibroblast
C. Reticular cells D. White blood cells - ANS-D. White blood cells Elastic fibers are also known as A. Brown fibers B. Red fibers C. White fibers D. Yellow fibers - ANS-D. Yellow fibers Collagen fibers are composed of A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Mesoderm D. Protein - ANS-D. Protein An example of a fixed cell a/an A. Histiocyte B. Leukocyte C. Macrophage D. Osteoblast - ANS-D. Osteoblast A chondroblast will produce the fibers and ground substance for A. Adipose tissue B. Bone C. Cartilage D. Fibrous tissue - ANS-C. Cartilage Tendons are made up of A. Areolar Connective tissue B. Dense regular connective tissue C. Elastic connective tissue D. Reticular fibrous connective tissue - ANS-B. Dense regular connective tissue Because it is a site of heat production, this type of connective tissue is found in animals that hibernate during the cold winter months A. Brown adipose tissue B. Dense fibrous connective tissue C. Reticular fibrous connective tissue D. White adipose tissue - ANS-A. Brown adipose tissue Gristle is a common name for A. Cancellous bone B. Cartilage C. Dense irregular connective tissue D. Dense regular connective tissue - ANS-B. Cartilage
B. Mucous membrane C. Serous membrane D. Synovial membrane - ANS-D. Synovial membrane Another name for the skin is A. Cutaneous membrane B. Mucous membrane C. Serous membrane D. Synovial membrane - ANS-A. Cutaneous membrane A normal transudate in the abdominal cavity is called A. Ascites B. Effusion C. Peritoneal Fluid D. Pleural Fluid - ANS-C. Peritoneal Fluid Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found A. Covering bones B. Covering tendons C. In the mouth D. In the skin - ANS-D. In the skin The muscles in the wall of the uterus and urinary bladder are A. Nonstratified involuntary muscle B. Nonstratified voluntary muscle C. Straited involuntary muscle D. Striated voluntary muscle - ANS-A. Nonstratified involuntary muscle Which types of muscle makes up the majority A. nonstraited involuntary muscle B. nonstraited voluntary muscle C. Straited involuntary muscle D. Straited voluntary muscle - ANS-A. Nonstraitied involuntary muscle During the inflammatory process the first thing that happens is A. Clot formation B. Phagocytosis C. Vasoconstriction D. Vasodilation - ANS-D. Vasodilation A scab is a/an A. External clot B. Granulation tissue C. Internal clot D. Platelet clump - ANS-B. Granulation tissue
Which is a characteristic of a second-intention wound healing? A. A scar develops B. An example is a superficial scratch C. No granulation tissue forms D. The edges of the wound are held together - ANS-A. A scar develops Prokaryote cells have what types of characteristics? A. Distinct nucleus B. DNA combined with protein to form chromosomes C. Are found in all multi D. None of the above - ANS-D. None of the above Cillia occur in large numbers on the surface of some cells and have a primary purpose of moving cells through fluid. True/False - ANS-False Which cell organelle is the largest and produces energy for the cell? - ANS- Mitochondria What are the two types of ER? - ANS-Smooth and rough Which nucleotide is found in guanine RNA but not DNA? A. adenine B. Guanine C. Uracil D. Cytosine - ANS-C. Uracil Intravascular fluid are both components of extracellular fluid. True/False - ANS-True Which electrolyte is more highly concentrated in intracellular fluid vs extracellular fluid? A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Magnesium D. Chloride - ANS-B. Potassium This term refers to the measurement of solute concentration of a fluid A. Osmosis B. Oncotic pressure C. Osmolality D. None of the above - ANS-C. Osmolality Body water can move from one compartment to another True/False - ANS-True Phagocytosis is an example of exocytosis True/False - ANS-True
The macrophages of the epidermis are the A. Keratnocytes B. Langerhans cells C. Melanocytes D. Merkel Cells - ANS-B. Langerhans cells The cells thought to aid in the sense of touch are A. Keratinocytes B. Langerhans cells C. Melanocytes D. Merkel Cells - ANS-D. Merkel Cells One of the most common skin tumors in dogs over the age of 5 is A. Basal cell tumor B. Malignant melanoma C. Merkel cell carcinoma D. Squamous cell carcinoma - ANS-D. Squamous cell carcinoma The nose of a white cat is especially susceptible to A. Basal cell tumor B. Malignant melanoma C. Merkel Cell Carcinoma D. Squamous Cell Carcinoma - ANS-A. Basal Cell tumor The most common site for malignant melanoma in dogs and cats is the A. anal regions B. Ear canal C. Inguinal region D. Oral Cavity - ANS-D. Oral cavity Which layer of epidermis is most actively involved in replacing exfoliated skin cells? A. Basal layer B. Clear Layer C. Granular Layer D. Spiny Layer - ANS-C. Granular Layer The thickest layer of the epidermis is the A. Clear Layer B. Granular layer C. Horny layer D. Spiny Layer - ANS-C. Horny layer Tylotrich hairs are important in the perception of A. Heat B. Light C. Pain
D. Touch - ANS-D. Touch Meissner's corpuscle is important in the perception of A. Heat B. Hemorrhage C. Light D. Touch - ANS-C. Light Pacinian Corpuscle is important in the perception of A. Heat B. Light C. ain D. Touch - ANS-C. Pain Which layer of skin allows it to move freely over underlying bone and muscle without tearing? A. Dermis B. Epidermis C. Hyperdermis D. Hypodermis - ANS-D. Hypodermis In which speccies of animal would you find a planum nasolabiale? A. Canine B. Equine C. Feline D. Porcine - ANS-B. Equine Which dark, horny structure are found buried in the long caudal hairs of equine fetlocks? A.Chestnuts B. Dewclaws C. Ergots D. Metacarpal pads - ANS-C. Ergots In a compound follicle a primary hair is also known as a ________hair A. guard B. Satellite C. Sinus D. Tactile - ANS-D.tactile Whiskers are also known as ______hairs A. Guard B.Satellite C. Tactile D. Wool-type - ANS-C. Tactile As an animal ages and its hair turns white, the medulla becomes filled with
D. Sole - ANS-A. Corium Hooves grow from the A. Coronary band B. Cornary groove C. Periople D. White Line - ANS-A. Coronary band The lateral aspects of an equine hoof wall are called A. Heels B. Quarters C. Soles D. Toes - ANS-B. Quarters Horns emerge from the horn processes of the ____ bones A. Frontal B. Maxillary C. Occipital D. Temporal - ANS-A. Frontal
