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HMP 401 Physiology Exam 2025 Questions and Answers, Exams of Physiology

A set of questions and answers related to hmp 401 physiology exam. It covers various topics including the lymphatic system, immune response, and digestive system. The document can be helpful for students preparing for their exams.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 02/26/2025

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HMP 401 PHYSIOLOGY
HMP 401 PHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
___ is a clear fluid containing protein, fats, water, and lymphocytes?
Saliva
Lymph
Bile
Blood
Lymph
Lymphatic vessels are blind-ended, meaning they are closed at one end.
True
False
True
What are lacteals?
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HMP 401 PHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS

AND ANSWERS GRADED A+

___ is a clear fluid containing protein, fats, water, and lymphocytes?

Saliva

Lymph

Bile

Blood

Lymph

Lymphatic vessels are blind-ended, meaning they are closed at one end.

True

False

True

What are lacteals?

Special lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb carbohydrates

Special lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb fats

Special lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb blood

Special lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb proteins

Special lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb fats

The right lymphatic duct empties into which vein?

Left subclavian vein

Right subclavian vein

Superior vena cava

Right external carotid

Right subclavian vein

The spleen ___ blood.

Filters

Stores

All the above

All the above

Shrinks

No changes

Shrinks

Neutrophils comprise ___ of white blood cells in the blood.

Monocytes enlarge and become ___ in the tissue.

Myocytes

Neutrophils

Lymphocytes

Macrophages

Macrophages

Which of the following is not a characteristic of inflammation?

Redness

Increased mobility

Swelling

Heat

Increased mobility

What is an antigen?

Any foreign substance which stimulates an immune response

A substance secreted by immune cells to neutralize invaders

A protein specific to bacteria that triggers an immune response

A toxic byproduct of immune system stimulation

Any foreign substance which stimulates an immune response

What is the function of CD4 T cells?

Secrete cytokines to activate B cells

Store antigens to create immune memory

True

False

True

Which cells produce antibodies?

Dendritic cells

B cells

CD8 T cells

CD4 T cells

B cells

Which of the following is NOT a function of antibodies?

Directly destroy invading pathogens

Coating pathogens to prevent attachment to tissues

Activation of complement

Bind to toxins secreted by pathogens

Directly destroy invading pathogens

Which class of antibody is found in breast milk?

IgA

IgG

IgD

IgM

IgA

Which class of antibody is the first released during an infection?

IgM

IgA

IgG

IgD

IgM

This layer of tissue contains blood vessels and some nerves that help regulate digestive activity.

Submucosa

Epithelium

Esophageal hiatus

Which sphincter controls the opening between the stomach and the small intestine?

Pyloric sphincter

Fundic sphincter

Esophageal sphincter

Duodenal sphincter

Pyloric sphincter

___ is a protein-digesting enzyme found in the stomach.

Peptobismin

Pepsin

Amylase

Lipase

Pepsin

What is the correct order of the parts of the small intestine from beginning to end?

Jejunum, ileum, duodenum

Ileum, duodenum, jejunum

Duodenum, ileum, jejunum

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

The small intestine has millions of tiny finger-like projections called ___.

Microencephali

Microdigits

Vestigia

Villi

Villi

The ileocecal valve connects which two parts of the digestive tract?

Small intestine and liver

Stomach and small intestine

Large intestine and appendix

Small and large intestine

Small and large intestine

Water

Protein

Carbohydrates

Fats

Fats

Unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic circulation is not a circuit, but rather a one-way system from the tissues, back to the circulatory system.

True

False

True

Lymphatic capillaries are ___ permeable than blood capillaries.

More

Less

The same permeability

More

Which lymphatic duct drains the majority of the body?

Right

Thoracic

Superior

Mesentery

Thoracic

Which of these is a characteristic of lymph nodes?

Filter lymph (NO)

Lymphocytes replicate there

Grouped in clusters of 2-100 nodes

All of the above

Which organ is responsible for destroying old red blood cells and serving as a reservoir for blood?

Liver

Lymph node

Spleen

Small intestine

Pancreas

Stomach

Spleen

Small intestine

Non-specific

Innate

Adaptive

Innate

Develops after birth

Innate

Adaptive

Adaptive

Stimulated by specific antigens

Innate

Adaptive

Adaptive

Includes neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils

Innate

Adaptive

Innate

Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical barrier?

Lymphocytes

Mucus

Tears

Skin

Lymphocytes

Which of the following reflexes is part of our innate immune response?

Basophils

Macrophages

Neutrophils

How do toll-like receptors (TLR) function?

Allow immune cells to recognize specific antigenic patterns on other cell to distinguish between self tissue and invaders

Allow immune cells to create antibodies.

Allow immune cells to create reactive oxygen species.

Allow immune cells to recognize general patterns on other cell to distinguish between self tissue and invaders

Allow immune cells to recognize general patterns on other cell to distinguish between self tissue and invaders

Which cytokine produces hostility during "sickness behavior?"

IL-

IL-

TNF-alpha

TGF-beta

TNF-alpha

Which cytokine produces anxiety during "sickness behavior?"

TGF-b

IL-

IL-

TNF-a

IL-

Complement can form a ___ to create channels in a bacterium's membrane to cause them to fill with fluid and rupture?

Peroxisome

Major histocompatibility complex

Membrane attack complex

Opsonin

Membrane attack complex

Which of the following is not a characteristic of inflammation?