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Hakan Kaya
Hist102
Response Paper #3
New World Ideologies: Kemalism, Fascism and Nazism
There are important events in the history scene that affect the whole world. These
events often affect the world in different ways, both before and after. First World War is one
of the best examples of these events. After the First World War, significant changes occurred
on both the winning side and the losing side of the war. There were major changes on both
sides and these changes led to ideological transformations. These ideological changes were so
shocking that when they combined with armed movements they ignited the wicket of the
Second World War. If such ideological transformations that ignite the wick of the Second
World War are examined, ideological transformations in Germany and Italy can be given as
examples. Ideological transformation in Turkey, which does not affect the Second World
War, though it is important to examine ideological conversions that occur after the First
World War. The Fascist regime developed in Italy with the development of Fascist ideology,
Nazism called Nazi ideology occurred in Germany and a regime was formed accordingly. In
Turkey, Kemalism began in 1930, according to the Kemalist understanding of the country
created a new order. In this paper, the common points and differences of Nazism, Fascism and
Kemalism ideologies will be examined, and then Kemalist cultural revolution and its elements
will be discussed.
First of all, Liberalism, which was effective and on the rise until the First World War,
lost its effect after the war, because the First World War, as stated at the beginning of the
article, caused differences in all countries that, entered the War. Again, as mentioned, it
caused great transformations especially for losers. One of the most important issues leading to
these changes is nationalism. The wave of Nationalism that occurred in Europe after the Paris
