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HESI PHARMACOLOGY ASSIGNMENT EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS, Exams of Public Health

Yale UniversityPublic Health

HESI PHARMACOLOGY ASSIGNMENT EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/05/2025

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HESI PHARMACOLOGY ASSIGNMENT EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
An emergency department nurse is interviewing a female client who has a history of epilepsy with tonic-
clonic seizures controlled by phenytoin (Dilantin). Which information is most significant in planning this
client's care?
A. She has missed 2 menstrual periods
B. She ran out of her medication 4 days ago.
C. She has smoked 3 packs of cigarettes a day for 10 years
D. She has had no dental care for several years - Accurate answers B. She ran out of her medication
4 days ago.
The nurse should instruct a client to avoid which product while taking carisoprodol (Soma) for muscle
spasms?
A. Aspirin Products
B. Antacids
C. Alcoholic beverages
D. Dairy products - Accurate answers C. Alcoholic beverages
A client calls the clinic and states that she forgot to take her oral contraceptives for the past two days.
Which instruction is best for the nurse to provide to this client?
A. Take 2 pills a day for 2 days and use an alternate method of contraception for 7 days
B. Take one extra pill per day for the rest of this cycle, then resume taking pills as usual next cycle.
C. Quit the pills for this cycle, use an alternate method of contraception, and resume pills on the fifth
day of menstruation.
D. Take 4 pills now and use an alternate method of contraception for the rest of this cycle. - Accurate
answers A. Take 2 pills a day for 2 days and use an alternate method of contraception for 7 days
A 48-year-old client is experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction to an injection of contrast media.
What pharmacologic agent is of greatest use in this situation?
A. Loratadine (Claritin)
B. Dopamine (Intropin)
C. Nitroprusside (Nipride)
D. Epinephrine (Adrenalin) - Accurate answers D. Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
A resident of a long-term care facility is taking lithium carbonate (Eskalith) to treat bipolar disorder.
Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers?
A. Have the client chew the pill if it is difficult to swallow
B. Offer the morning dose of the medicine before breakfast
C. Encourage high energy fluid intake by providing sports drinks or sodas
D. Report symptoms of hypothyroidism such as fatigue and constipation - Accurate answers D.
Report symptoms of hypothyroidism such as fatigue and constipation
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HESI PHARMACOLOGY ASSIGNMENT EXAM

QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS

An emergency department nurse is interviewing a female client who has a history of epilepsy with tonic- clonic seizures controlled by phenytoin (Dilantin). Which information is most significant in planning this client's care? A. She has missed 2 menstrual periods B. She ran out of her medication 4 days ago. C. She has smoked 3 packs of cigarettes a day for 10 years D. She has had no dental care for several years - Accurate answers B. She ran out of her medication 4 days ago. The nurse should instruct a client to avoid which product while taking carisoprodol (Soma) for muscle spasms? A. Aspirin Products B. Antacids C. Alcoholic beverages D. Dairy products - Accurate answers C. Alcoholic beverages A client calls the clinic and states that she forgot to take her oral contraceptives for the past two days. Which instruction is best for the nurse to provide to this client? A. Take 2 pills a day for 2 days and use an alternate method of contraception for 7 days B. Take one extra pill per day for the rest of this cycle, then resume taking pills as usual next cycle. C. Quit the pills for this cycle, use an alternate method of contraception, and resume pills on the fifth day of menstruation. D. Take 4 pills now and use an alternate method of contraception for the rest of this cycle. - Accurate answers A. Take 2 pills a day for 2 days and use an alternate method of contraception for 7 days A 48-year-old client is experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction to an injection of contrast media. What pharmacologic agent is of greatest use in this situation? A. Loratadine (Claritin) B. Dopamine (Intropin) C. Nitroprusside (Nipride) D. Epinephrine (Adrenalin) - Accurate answers D. Epinephrine (Adrenalin) A resident of a long-term care facility is taking lithium carbonate (Eskalith) to treat bipolar disorder. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers? A. Have the client chew the pill if it is difficult to swallow B. Offer the morning dose of the medicine before breakfast C. Encourage high energy fluid intake by providing sports drinks or sodas D. Report symptoms of hypothyroidism such as fatigue and constipation - Accurate answers D. Report symptoms of hypothyroidism such as fatigue and constipation

A 38-year-old gravida 2 para 2 is diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis 9-months postpartum. A prescription is written for metronidazole (Flagyl). Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain for the client before initiating treatment? A. Method of infant feeding B. Sexual history C. Possibility of pregnancy D. Use of oral contraceptives - Accurate answers A. Method of infant feeding A client with Paget's disease is started on calcitonin (Calcimar) 500 mcg subcutaneously daily. During the initial treatment, what is the priority nursing action? A. Assess the injection site for inflammation B. Observe the client for signs of hypersensitivity C. Evaluate the client's level of pain D. Monitor the client's alkaline phosphatase levels - Accurate answers B. Observe the client for signs of hypersensitivity When assessing a client prior to the administration of digoxin (Lanoxin), which data is most important for the nurse to consider? A. Irregular apical pulse with a rate of 87 B. Presence of a grade 2 murmur C. Bilateral lower extremity dependent rubor D. Nailbed capillary refill of 5 seconds - Accurate answers A. Irregular apical pulse with a rate of 87 The HCP prescribes pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon) tablets for a client with myasthenia gravis (MG). What instruction should the nurse provide this client? A. Use a PRN dose for increasing muscular weakness or fasciculations B. Take the medication 30 to 45 minutes before eating. C. Increase activity in the afternoon when the medication is most effective D. Give the client a dietary guide that describes low-protein foods - Accurate answers B. Take the medication 30 to 45 minutes before eating. A client is admitted for atrial fibrillation, and the HCP prescribes disopryamide (Norpace). After explaining the action of this antidysrhythmic agent, which complaint should the nurse instruct the client to report? A. Daily weight gain of 2 pounds B. Joint pain C. Dizziness or muscle weakness D. Dry mouth - Accurate answers A. Daily weight gain of 2 pounds The nurse receives a unit of blood from the blood bank for a postoperative client who is currently in the X-ray department. What action should the nurse implement? A. Hang the blood transfusion as soon as the client returns to the unit B. Return the blood to the blood bank for refrigeration within 30 minutes C. Take the unit of blood to the X-ray department to initiate the transfusion D. Store the blood bag in the nursing unit's refrigerator until the client returns - Accurate answers B. Return the blood to the blood bank for refrigeration within 30 minutes What action should the nurse implement to provide analgesic titration for a client in pain?

C. The maternal diet is often deficient in vitamin K, so the infant is deficient in the newborn D. The synthesis of vitamin K is inadequate for 3 to 4 months in the newborn - Accurate answers B. Bacteria that synthesize vitamin K are not present in the newborn's intestinal tract A client at 30-weeks gestation is in preterm labor. The HCP prescribes two 12-mg doses of betamethasone (Celestone) intramuscularly every 12 hours. The client asks the nurse why she is receiving the Celestone. What information should the nurse use to explain the action of the medication? A. Reduces maternal and fetal tachycardia associated with terbutaline (Brethine) administration B. Suppresses uterine contractions C. Stimulates fetal surfactant production D. Maintains adequate maternal respiratory effort and ventilation with magnesium administration - Accurate answers C. Stimulates fetal surfactant production A client with depression receives a prescription for amitriptyline (Elavil). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching? A. Do not ingest foods with tyramine B. Obtain daily blood pressure readings C. Avoid the consumption of alcohol D. Take with a glass of orange juice - Accurate answers C. Avoid the consumption of alcohol The HCP has prescribed digoxin for a client who has been taking furosemide (Lasix) for six months. What laboratory serum levels should the nurse review before administering the digoxin? A. Potassium B. Furosemide C. Calcium D. Magnesium - Accurate answers A. Potassium A client receives a new prescription for an ACE inhibitor. What client history contraindicates its use? A. Heart failure B. Coronary artery disease C. Asthma D. Renal artery stenosis - Accurate answers D. Renal artery stenosis A client who takes a statin and gemfibrozil (Lopid) for hyperlipidemia reports onset of muscle pain and weakness. What additional assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain? A. Serum liver enzymes B. Peripheral sensation C. Bowel function D. T3 and T4 blood levels - Accurate answers A. Serum liver enzymes An older client is taking warfarin sodium (Coumadin) PO 2.5 mg twice a day. Which laboratory value should the nurse identify as a therapeutic response of the medication? A. INR of 2 to 3 B. PT of 4 seconds C. PTT of 20 seconds D. aPTT of 3 times normal - Accurate answers A. INR of 2 to 3

A female client receives a prescription for cefadroxil (Duricef) for a urinary tract infection. The client informs the nurse that is is currently taking oral contraceptives (OCP). What information is important for the nurse to share with the client? A. Avoid prolonged sun exposure while taking the antibiotic B. The antibiotic may be less effective while taking OCP C. The medication combination potentiates the risk of adverse reactions D. Use an additional form of contraception until your menstrual cycle - Accurate answers D. Use an additional form of contraception until your menstrual cycle A client is taking danazol (Danocrine) for endometriosis and calls the clinic nurse to complain of a dark, swollen, and painful leg. What instructions should the nurse provide the client? A. Proceed to the nearest emergency room B. Walk for 20 to 30 minutes to reduce muscle cramps C. Elevate both legs and apply heat D. Wear support stockings - Accurate answers A. Proceed to the nearest emergency room A client is taking cyclosporine for renal renal allograft rejection prevention. After 9 months of drug therapy, the nurse reviews laboratory data and notes that the blood urea nitrogen level is 36 mg/dl. What additional finding should the nurse identify? A. Hypotension B. Creatinine 28 mg/dl C. Anaphylactic reaction D. White blood cell count 10,000 - Accurate answers B. Creatinine 28 mg/dl The HCP discontinues prednisone, a glucocorticoid, for a client with COPD. What instructions should the nurse give the client about the regimen to follow? A. The dose must be tapered over the course of 7 to 10 days B. Life-long treatment is common for chronic disease C. Another glucocorticoid should be used to prevent cross-tolerance D. The drug should be stopped immediately if no longer needed - Accurate answers A. The dose must be tapered over the course of 7 to 10 days A client with rheumatoid arthritis is receiving a prescription for minocycline (Minocin). Which side effect is most important for the nurse to instruct the client to report? A. Loss of balance and dizziness B. Headache and mouth sores C. Nausea and vomiting D. Abdominal pain and diarrhea - Accurate answers A. Loss of balance and dizziness A client is beginning therapy with montelukast (Singulair) PO 10 mg once a day in the evening. The client asks the nurse, "when should I begin to feel better?" How should the nurse respond? A. Immediately B. 30 minutes to 1 hour C. in about 12 hours D. Within 24 hours - Accurate answers D. Within 24 hours A client with chronic pancreatitis receives a new prescription for pancrelipase (Pancrease). Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in the client's teaching?

Which route should the nurse clarify with the HCP prior to administering a drug with a high first-pass effect? A. Buccal B. Oral C. Sublingual D. Intravenous - Accurate answers B. Oral A pediatric client who has been diagnosed with partial seizures receives a prescription for topiramate (Topamax). What information should the nurse provide to the child's parents? A. Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight B. Administer the tablet an hour before meals C. Do not crush the tablet prior to administration D. Give the medication with 8 oz of orange juice - Accurate answers C. Do not crush the tablet prior to administration A client asks the nurse to explain the meaning of a narrow therapeutic index of medication. What information should the nurse use to answer the question? A. Bioavailability is significantly reduced by the first-pass effect B. Minimum dosage is needed for the medication to be effective C. A small margin exists between safe and toxic plasma levels D. The onset of action for the medication occurs very quickly - Accurate answers C. A small margin exists between safe and toxic plasma levels A client with chronic schizophrenia illness is admitted after taking risperidone (Risperdal) 10 mg/day for 3 months. The nurse implements a daily assessment using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS). What findings should the nurse report to the HCP? A. Dry mouth, constipation, and blurred vision B. Cogwheel rigidity C. Tremors and muscle twitching D. Drowsiness and dizziness - Accurate answers C. Tremors and muscle twitching A school-aged child is taking methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin() for the treatment of attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The mother tells the nurse that she gives the medication at bedtime so it is "working" during school the next morning. What modification to the administration plan should the nurse recommend to this mother? A. Take the medication with meals B. Give the medication when the child arrives at school C. Continue administering the medication dose at bedtime D. Administer at least six hours before bedtime - Accurate answers D. Administer at least six hours before bedtime A client who is recently diagnosed with myasthenia gravis receives a prescription for pyridostigmine (Mestinon), a cholinergic agent. Which information should the nurse instruct the client to implement when taking this medication? A. Plan the doses close together for maximal therapeutic effect B. Take the medication at least 30 minutes before eating meals C. Always take with meals to avoid GI distress

D. Avoid dairy products two hours before and after taking medications - Accurate answers B. Take the medication at least 30 minutes before eating meals Which drug of choice is indicated for acute ventricular dysrhythmias associated with myocardial infarction? A. Diltiazem B. Amiodarone C. Adenosine D. Bretylium - Accurate answers B. Amiodarone A client with pneumonia receives a prescription for tetracycline (Sumycin). What precaution should the nurse include in this client's teaching? A. Avoid dairy products for 2 hours after taking the medication B. Take the medication with a glass of orange juice C. Avoid OTC medications containing alcohol D. Do not use teeth whitening agents during the treatment regimen - Accurate answers A. Avoid dairy products for 2 hours after taking the medication A client receives a prescription for esomeprazole (Nexium) for heartburn. Which finding in the client's history should the nurse report to the HCP before administering the prescription? A. Drinks 2 alcoholic beverages on weekends B. Eats spicy food three times a week C. Family history of diabetes mellitus D. History of deep vein thrombosis - Accurate answers D. History of deep vein thrombosis The nurse should expect the HCP to prescribe what treatment regimen for a client with peptic ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori? (Select all that apply? A. Sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin) B. Metronidazole (Flagyl) C. Misoprostol (Cytotec) D. Sucralfate (Carafate) E. Clarithromycin (Biaxin) F. Omeprazole (Priolsec) - Accurate answers B. Metronidazole (Flagyl) E. Clarithromycin (Biaxin) F. Omeprazole (Priolsec) A client who is receiving chemotherapy is prescribed ondansetron (Zofran). Which side effect should the nurse include in the teaching plan? A. Dry mouth B. Headache C. Impaired taste D. Blurred vision - Accurate answers B. Headache Which common side effect should the nurse alert a female client about when medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) is prescribed? A. Headaches or visual changes B. Leg or calf pain C. Vaginal bleeding after discontinuing the medication

The nurse administers the initial dose of a fentanyl (Duragesic) transdermal patch to a client with chronic pain. When monitoring the client an hour later, which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain? A. Bowel sound activity B. Numeric pain scale C. Level of consciousness D. Moistness of mucosa - Accurate answers B. Numeric pain scale A client receives a new prescription for ciprofloxacin (Cipro), a synthetic quinolone. When teaching about this drug, which information in the client's history requires special emphasis by the nurse? A. Snacks on dairy products such as yogurt or ice cream B. Consumes alcoholic drinks occasionally on the weekends C. Works 20 hours a week as a lifeguard at a local pool D. Previously had a mild allergic reaction to a cephalosporin. - Accurate answers C. Works 20 hours a week as a lifeguard at a local pool The HCP prescribes a medication for an older adult client who is complaining of insomnia, and instructs the client to return in 2 weeks. The nurse should question which prescription? A. Zolpidem (Ambien) 10 mg orally at bedtime B. Temazepam (Restoril) 7.5 mg orally at bedtime C. Ramelteon (Rozerem) 8 mg orally at bedtime D. Eszopiclone (Lunesta) 10 mg orally at bedtime - Accurate answers D. Eszopiclone (Lunesta) 10 mg orally at bedtime Mitotic drug therapy for the treatment of glaucoma is based chiefly upon which physiologic action? A. Enhancing aqueous humor outflow B. Prevent extraocular infection C. Inhibiting aqueous humor production D. Maintaining intraocular pressure - Accurate answers A. Enhancing aqueous humor outflow What is the effect of beta-blocking agents when used for treatment with glaucoma? A. Enhancing aqueous humor outflow B. Inhibiting aqueous humor production C. Prevent extraocular infection D. Increasing intraocular pressure - Accurate answers B. Inhibiting aqueous humor production What is the expected outcome of esomeprazole (Nexium) when prescribed for a client with GERD? A. Promotion of rapid tissue healing B. Neutralization of gastric secretions C. Improved esophageal peristalsis D. Increased gastric emptying - Accurate answers A. Promotion of rapid tissue healing The nurse should withhold which medication if a client reports nausea, vomiting and diarrhea? A. Colchicine (Colchicine) B. Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) C. Erythromycin (E-Mycin) D. Labetolol (Normodyne) - Accurate answers A. Colchicine (Colchicine)

Which heparin concentration should the nurse use to convert an intravenous site to a heparin lock? A. 10,000 units/ml B. 100 units/ml C. 1000 units/ml D. 10 units/ml - Accurate answers B. 100 units/ml The therapeutic effect of insulin in treating Type 1 diabetes mellitus is based on which physiologic action? A. Increases intracellular receptor site sensitivity B. Stimulates function of beta cells in the pancreas C. Facilitates transport of glucose into the cells D. Delays carbohydrate digestion and absorption - Accurate answers C. Facilitates transport of glucose into the cells When prescribed for a client with hepatic encephalopathy, what is the therapeutic action of lactulose (Portalac)? A. Softens the stool B. Stimulates peristalsis C. Increases glucose absorption D. Lowers the pH of the colon - Accurate answers D. Lowers the pH of the colon