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HESI PEDIATRIC TEST BANK 2025 EXIT ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
A newborn has just been delivered via C-Section with a myelomeningocele which was detected pre-natally via amniocentesis. The child is scheduled to have surgery within the first 48 hours. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate? A. Place child in semi-Fowler's position to decrease pressure on the spinal cord B. Apply heat lamp to facilitate drying and toughening of the sac C. Apply soft restraints to prevent disruption of the sac D. Assess head circumference and fontanels for signs of ICP. - Answer-D A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. The nurse should plan which priority intervention when caring for this child? A. Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimum B. Communicate at child's level and maintain eye contact C. Use therapeutic touch to calm child with procedures D. Switch from one assessment activity to another quickly? - Answer-A A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse would expect the UA during this acute phase to show which of the following? A. Bacteruria, hematuria B. Hematuria, proteinuria C. Bacteruria, increase specific gravity D. Proteinuria, decreased specific gravity - Answer-B A child has been admitted to the pediatric unit with suspected meningitis. The CSF analysis reveals the following: Appearance: Clear, WBC: within normal limits, Protein: within normal limits, Glucose: within normal limits, Culture: negative. Based on the results, the nurse suspects that the child has: A. Bacterial Meningitis B. Meningococcal meningitis C. Viral meningitis D. Hydrocephalus - Answer-C
A two year old has had one bout of nephrosis (nephrotic syndrome) His mother suspected a recurrence when she observed swelling around his eyes. The nurse helps to confirm the condition by recognizing what additional symptom? A. Blood pressure 140/ B. Marked proteinuria C. Tea colored urine D. A history of positive strep infections - Answer-B The mother of a 1 month old infant tells the nurse she worries that her baby will get meningitis like her oldest son did when he was an infant. The nurse should base her response on which statement? A. Meningitis rarely occurs during infancy, however after the first year of life, it is more common. B. Often a genetic predisposition to meningitis is found and family members are more likely to get it. C. Vaccination to prevent all types of meningitis is now available and should be administered at 6 months. D. Vaccination to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis has decreased the frequency of this disease in children. - Answer-D A six week old infant is brought to the pediatricians office for a well-baby visit. During examinations the physician displaces the femoral head and reduces it back into place by manipulation of the thighs and hips. The nurse recognizes that the physician is assessing: A. Barlow and Ortolani tests for developmental dysplasia of the hip B. Gower test for developmental dysplasia of the hip C. Pavlik test for developmental dysplasia of the hip D. Trendelenburg test for developmental dysplasia of the hip - Answer-A A 10 year old is admitted with possible appendicitis. The doctor's history and physical indicates a WBC count of 17,000, increased segmented neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes, and 6% bands. The patient complains of abdominal pain, localized at McBurney's point. Which statement most accurately describes the data? A. Lab work reveals a left shift and pain localized in the right lower quadrant B. Lab work reveals a right shift and pain localized in the left upper quadrant C. Lab work reveals normal findings with pain localized in the epigastric area.
An adolescent who has chronic SCFE (slipped capital femoral epiphysis) sustains a fall during gym class and is transported to the hospital with severe pain. Which is the most appropriate explanation for what happened. A. The child has probably experienced a fracture B. The child has expereienced an acute on chronic phenomenon C. The child has developed idopathic avascular necrosis. D. the child has developmental dysplasia of the hip - Answer-D A 13 year old was found to have a noticeable rib hump during the scoliosis screening by the school nurse. What would be the most accurate information for the parents in Answering their questions about scolosis? A. "It is important to follow through on getting the child checked by an orthopedic doctor" B. "Scoliosis is very common in teen girls and it will diminish as she continues to grow" C."This is probably not a severe problem, since this is the first that symptoms have been noted" D. "Most teens with curvatures of 10 degrees will need some type of bracing" - Answer-A A nurse is caring for a child who is scheduled for an appendectomy. The nurse reviews the physician's preoperative orders. Which order should be questioned? A. 0.9% NS IV at 50ml/hr B. NPO after midnight C.Mefoxin 1 GM IVPB on call for surgery D. Activity as tolerated, up ad lid - Answer-D A newborn male infant has been found to have unilateral talpies equinovarus ( club foot) deformation. Which would be the most important information to give the parent? A. The baby will probably need to start serial casing as soon as possible. B. The child will need a Pavlik harness to keep the extremeties strechted C. The child will need to undergo electromuography studies to confirm diagnosis. D. The child will need to undergo testing to confirm diagnosis - Answer-A A two year old with cerebral palsy is on continous tube feedings. Which intervention should the nurse expect to see ordered to ensure proper hydration and *********? A. Administer 1 ampule Sodium Bocarb IV push every 4 hours to prevent acidosis
B. Administer water trough the PEG tube every 4 hours to prevent hypertonic dehydration C. Adminster water through the PEG tube every 4 hours to prevent hypotonic dehydration D. Adminster sterile saline through the PEG tube every 4 hours to prevent - Answer-C An abdnomial flat plate xray ordered for a child admitted with suspected intussecception reveals no free air beneath the diaphram. What order should the nurse anticipate next from the physician? A. Transport child to radiology and prepare him for a barium enema B.Transport child to radiology and prepare him for an upper GI series C. Transport child to radiology for an enema with air or water-soluable contrast D. Transport child to the operating room and prepare him for abdominal surgery - Answer-A A 12 year old has been diagnoses with slipped capital femoral epiphysis. In addition to pain, what other assessment would the nurse expect to find? A. Osteomylytisis of the hip B. Asymmetrical gluteal folds C. External rotation of the hip D.Flexion of the hip - Answer-C The parent of a 5 year old child with Duchenes Muscular Dystrophy is bringing her child to the clinic for a follow up. She reports that she has noticed that her son's calves seems to be enlarged since the last visit. Which explanation by the nurse is appropriate? A. This is due to pseudohypertrophy in which fat replaces muscle in the calves B. This is due to Gower's sign in which the calves C. This is due to increased liver enzymes, which indicate muscle damage D. this is due to systemic onset of the disease in which - Answer-A A child is admitted with a dx of Hirshbringers disease. Which of the following would be the appropriate explanation of this diagnosis to the parents? A. The colon has become twisted and looped together so that he is unable to pass stool B Nerves have produced contraction of certain muscles called sphinctors in the colon and these nerves must be cut to produce relaxation C. The colon is contracted and its capacity is reduced, making is necessary for the doctor to dilate it with instruments
C. The child must wear this as much as possible to be effective D. This device will help to keep the childs feet in alignment. - Answer-C Upon examination of a newborn, the right foot was found to be turned inward. The physician was able to manipulate the foot into alignment. Which explanation to the parents is accurate? A. The baby appears to have a club foot and will need surgical treatment for correction. B. The baby's abnormal foot positioning is probably a mild positional club foot, not a true defect, but should still be monitored. C.The baby has a talipes varus deformity that will need to be casted as soon as possible. D. The baby will most likely need special and assistive devices for ambulation in the future. - Answer-A An infant with hydrocephulus is hospitalized for surgical placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt to the left lateral ventricle. Post operative nursing care should include which of the following: A. monitor temperature and assess surgical site for inflammation and drainage B. Pump the shunt reservior to maintain patency and observe function C.Turn the patient every 2 hours alternating between the right side, back, and left side. D. Maintain trendelenburg position to decrease tension on shunt and pressure circulation - Answer-A A patient is brought to the emergency room with suspected botulism secondary to eating home canned vegetables. which assessment will be the most appropriate for the nurse to perform to check for the initial symptoms of botulism? A. Cardiac assessment including telemetry and assessment of murmurs. B. Neurological assessment including hand grasp and pedal push/pull C.Urinary assessment including checks for protein and blood in urine D. Abdominal assessment including palpation and percussion - Answer-B A nurse is caring for an infant who is suspected of having Wilm's tumor. Upon arriving in the room the mother is seen massaging her child's abdomen stating that this often helps her child to expel gas. Which response wouldbe the most appropriate for the nurse to give? A.Massaging your childs abdomen helps with peristalis and will give him relief from excess gas B. It is good to know what works best for your child. We will try that if you are not here and the baby is fussy.
C. While the doctor is running tests to rule out a kidney problem It would be best not to massage your child's abdomen as this could cause some complications D. It would probably be better to apply a heating pad to your baby's abdomen than to massage it. - Answer-C A 3 year old has just returned to the unit folllowing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for placement for hydrocephulus. How Should the child be positioned? A. Flat in bed supine or on the non shunt side. B. Prone position with the head elevated 30 degrees C. High Fowlers posititon D. Trendelenburg - Answer-A An 18th month old has been admitted to the hospital with rotavirus. Which precautions should be implemmented in the care plan? A. Caregivers should wear a mask at all times in the room. B. No special precautions are needed for the caregivers. C. Caregivers should wear a gown and gloves in the room D. The child may go in the playroom as long as there is no leaking from the diaper. - Answer-C When interviewing the parents of a 6 month old with atopic dermatitis (infantile eczema) they describe the following care measures. Which one would lead the nurse to think A. The patient gives the baby a bath using a mild soap to prevent irritation B. The parent applies lotion to the skin after bathing to increase moisture C. The parent applies hydrocortisone cream to the lesions to decrease D. The parent applies alcohol to the lesions to decrease risk of infection - Answer-D A new born has a hpospadius with chordee. A mother is upset about her sons Appearance and asks if he will ever be normal. What wiykd be the best response to the mother? A. "as the baby grows, this problem with eventually go away by itself. B. When the baby gets older, surgery will probably be done to correct the problem. C. Having the baby circumcised will make surgery later on less complicated. D. Sometimes administration of prostaglandins may correct the problem. - Answer-B
A. Letting your doctor know at his next appointment will be fine as there is nothing that can be done right now to treat this. B. The baby will need to be seen by a physician immedatley so that further lab tests may be done to confirm the diagnosis and then start treatment asap. C. You will need to let the doctor know immedatley so that he can add ab iodibne supplement to the baby's formula. D. There is no hurry for treatment, as long as the baby continues to grow and develop normally.
- Answer-B An 11 month old is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis and dehydration. Admission weight is 30 pounds. The parents states that this is a 3 pound weight loss since she checked his weight a week ago. Using weight as a guide, the nurse determines the child has which degree of dehydration? (round to nearest whole number) A. Mild B. Moderate C. Severe D. Life threatening. - Answer-B At birth an infant girl is noted to have a myelomeningocele below the 2nd lumbar vertebrae. Which additional assessment, if abnormal is consisten with the diagnosis? A. Assess the infant for upper extremity response to sensory stimulation B. Check the urine for presence of red blood cells and protein C. Observe the infant for lower extremity response to sensory stimulation D. Examine the infants first meconium stool for the presence of mucus - Answer-C When developing a teaching plan for the parents of a 12 month old infant with hypospadius with chordee repair, which of the following should the nurse expect to include as most important? A. Assisting the child to become familiar with his dressings so he will leave them alone B. Encouraging the child to ambulate as soon as possible by using a push toy C. Ensuring his daily fluid requierments of 3000 ml/day are met by offering his favorite juice D. Avoiding tub baths after the catheter is removed to decrrease the risk of infection - Answer-D Before assessing an infant for cryptorchidism the nurse should: A. Allow the child to deficate
B. Allow the child to void C. palpate the inguinal canals D. provide a warm enviroment - Answer-D An adolescent with a fractured femur is in Russell's traction. Surgical intervention to correct the fracture is schduled for the morning. Nursing actions should include which action? A. Maintaining continous traction until 1 hour before the schduled surgery B. Maintaining continous traction and checking position of traction frequently C. Releasing traction every hour to perform skin care D. Releasing traction once every 8 hours to check circulation - Answer-B A child is brought to the emergency room due to nausea, vommiting, and diarrhea. Primary observations of dehydration are present. The electrolyte profile reveals Sodium level of 129, Potassium of 3.1 and serum C02 of 16. Based on this result, what physician order should the nurse anticipate to recieve. A. Start 02@ 2l per nasal cannula and repeate the electrolyte profile in 4 hours. B. Give a bolus of 0.9% NS and admit to the pediatric unit for rehydration C. Call respitory therapy to do a 2 hour continuous aerosol epinephrine treatment D. Discharge the child with instructions to the parent regarding oral rehydration therapy. - Answer-B The parents of a child diagnosed with oligoarthritis type of jovenile idopathic arthritis asks the nurse if their child will ever get better. The nurse's repsons should be based on which of the following statements? A. Children with oligoarthritis have a better prognosis for remission as compared to those with polyarthrisis. B. Children with all types of juivinile idopathic arthiris will have permanent deformities of joins and soft tissue C. The disease is progressive and ambulation is usually no longer possible by the age 12 years D. Children with oligoarthitis are more prone to developing complications rlated to the disease. - Answer-B A 4 year old has a fractured femur and is no immobilized in a hip spica cast. The child is crying with pain and the nurse assess that the foot is pale, coool and no pedal pulse can be palpated. Based on the data, the nurse should:
done and revealed a result of 12 units. The upper limits of the normal ASO titer is 250 units. The titer level indicated that A. The child is currently suffering from an over-whelming steptoccoal infections B. The child has recovered from a streptococcal infection in the recent past C. The child had long ago developed immunicty against all strains of streptocci D. The child's throat infection probably was caused by an organism other than streptoccus. - Answer-B The mother of a 3 year old questions the nurse about diagnostic test for juvinile idopathic arthritis. Which Answer is most appropriate? A. Several blood tests plus your childs symptoms will help the physician make a diagnosis B. The ASO titer will determine the prescence of strep which may indicate idopathic arthritis C. The prescence of alpha fetal proteins may have helped in diagnoses of the disease pre natally.
- Answer-A A 2 year old is being treated for congenital hypothyroidism. The parents are seeking medical attention today due to the child's change in behavior. They have noticed a decrease in appetite and difficulty sleeping over the past several weeks. The nurse expects the physician to check the throid levels and then: A. Increase the amount of thyroid hormone as these are signs of insufficent replacement therapy. B. Decrease the amount of thyroid horomone as these are signs of too much replacement therapy. C. Maintain the current dose of thyroid horomone as these are normal behaviors in a 2 year old child D. Prescribe vitamin C to be given with the replacement therapy to enhance absorption. - Answer-B An infant is diagnosed with communicating hydrocephalus. Which statement best explains what is happening in the body with this defect? A. CSF flows through all of the brain's ventricles. how ever CSF is not re-absorbed adequatly B. CSF flow is blocked and is not able to flow freely through all of the ventricles of the brain C. This type of hydrocephalus affects the communicating area of the brain and will affect speech patterns
D. CSF is shunted from the lateral bentricles to the thirs and fourth ventricles via surgically implanted device. - Answer-A The parents of a 4-year old child are given pre-op instrcutions to follow prior to surgery to correct Hirschsprung's disease in their child. Which statement requires further instruction by the nurse? A. We will give our child a saline enema each day prior to surgery B. we will feed out child foods high in fiber and calories prior to surgery C. we will talk to our child about what to expect when gets admitted to the hosptial D. we will call the physician if our child developes a fever and distended abdomen. - Answer-B A six-year old who has been diagnosed with muscular dystrophy is being seen in the outpatient clinic. The child is noted to have Gower's sign when observed. Which of the following describes this finding. A. Difficulty standing from a lying position B. enlarged calves due to fat infiltrates C. walking with ataxia and waddling gait D. walking on toes with noted ataxia - Answer-A A 3 month old is admitted to the hospital with gastroenteritits and moderate dehydration. His electrolyte panel is as follows: NA 124 and K 3.4. Based on this lab work, which type of dehydration does the infant have? A. Isotonic B. Hypotonic C. Hypertonic D. Metabolic - Answer-B The nurse is assisting the physician in the examination of an 8 year old with suspected bacterial meningitis. How should the child be positioned initially in preperation for tje assessment of Kernigs sign? A. Side-lying with knees flexed B. Flat in bed with neck flexed C. Supine with legs extended D. high folowers with knees flexed - Answer-C
B. poor feeding pattern, difficult to nurse C. steatorrhea D. vomiting - bile emesis. E. abdominal distention - Answer-A,B,D,E The nurse is conducting discharge teaching to parents of a preschool child with myelomeningocele repaired at birth, being discharged from the hospital after a uniary tract infection. Which should the nurse include in the discharge related to managment of the child's Genitourinary function? SATA A. Continue to perform the clean intermittent cathertizations at home B. administer the oxybutynin chloride (ditropan) as prescribed C. reduce fluid intake in the afternoon and evening hours D. monitor for signs of a recurrnt UTI E. administer furosimide (lasix) as prescribed - Answer-A,B,D A child has been diagnosed with juivinle idopathic arthritis and has been prescribed medications for treatment. Which statements indicate that the parent understands the overall treatment regimens for this condition? SATA A. My child may need to have chemotherapy in the future if she does no respond to other drugs B. my child will need to take antihistamines to suppress the mast cells C. My child will need to take NSAIDS as prescribed to decrease pain and inflammation D. My child may have to take corticosteroids for short intervals in the event of a serious exacerbation E. my child will achieve the best management of her symptoms with oral poiod analgesic - Answer-C,D The nurse is assessing an 11 year old girl with scholiosis. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find? SATA A. complaints of numbness and tinging with activities B. Asymmetric shoulder elevation when standing C. Pronounced one-sided hump when bending over D. diminished gross and fine motor functioning E. inability to bear weight on affected side - Answer-B,C
A one-week olf infant is being assessed for hydrocephalus when brought into the emergency room by his parents. which clinical manifestations are consistent with this diagnosis? SATA A. Bulging fontanel B. high pitched cry; opisthotonis positioning C. dialted scalp veins D. depressed fontanel E. decreased blood pressure - Answer-A,B,C
