Download HESI Dental Hygiene Examination practices with best solutions and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
HESI Dental Hygiene Examination practices with best solutions
Under which classification of gingival diseases and conditions is puberty-associated gingivitis found? - Correct answer Plaque- Induced Gingival diseases modified by systemic factors A patient presents with a short, thick lingual frenum that results in limited tongue movement affecting speech. Which is the most likely diagnosis of this condition? - Correct answer Ankyloglossia When is tooth eruption complete? - Correct answer Tooth has made contact with its antagonists in opposing jaw When does mixed dentition begin? - Correct answer Eruption of first permanent tooth How many succedaneous teeth are in permanent dentition? - Correct answer 20 The junction of a buccal and lingual triangular ridge is a transverse ridge. The oblique ridge of a maxillary molar is an example of a transverse ridge. - Correct answer The first statement is true and the second is false Which factor makes aging enamel less susceptible to caries? - Correct answer reduced permeability Which groove is the most identifying characteristic of a three-cusp mandibular second premolar? - Correct answer Distolingual Which is true regarding the height of contour? - Correct answer Greatest elevation of tooth either incisocervically or occlusocervically How many primary and permanent teeth are typically present in an eight yr old child? - Correct answer 14 primary; 10 permanent Which describes the junction of two surfaces of a crown? - Correct answer line angle Which G.V. Black classification involves the proximal surfaces of anterior teeth including the incised edge or angle? - Correct answer IV Which ridge is a unique characteristic of permanent maxillary molars? - Correct answer Oblique Which division of the fifth cranial nerve innervates the temporomandibular joint? - Correct answer Mandibular Facial paralysis can result from damage to the motor neurons of which cranial nerve? - Correct answer VII Which is the target area for the inferior alveolar nerve block? - Correct answer mandibular foramen on medial surface of mandible
Which salivary gland is encapsulated? - Correct answer Sublingual Which type of joint is the temporomandibular? - Correct answer Synovial Which peripheral nervous system and subdivision are responsible for a shutdown of salivary gland secretion? - Correct answer autonomic; sympathetic Destroyed enamel cannot reform since the cells that formed it no longer exist. Cavitated enamel can repair itself by the incorporation of calcium and phosphate ions from saliva? - Correct answer First statement is true second statement is false Which bacterium is most important in causing the progression of carious lesions? - Correct answer Aciduric Anaerobe bacteria - Correct answer grow only in the absence of oxygen Which bacterial structure interferes with phagocytosis? - Correct answer capsule Which bacteria grow best in refrigerated conditions? - Correct answer Psychrophils Endotoxin is a virulence property of - Correct answer gram-negative bacteria When comparing viruses to bacteria, viruses - Correct answer enter host cells before they can multiply Which is treated with nystatin? - Correct answer Candidiasis Which is detected in the blood within two months after successful immunization with the hepatitis B vaccine? - Correct answer Anti- HBs Which hypersensitivity reaction is an allergy to the natural rubber latex in examination gloves? - Correct answer I Which bacterial genus contains species that cause pneumatic fever, scarlet fever, and pharyngitis? - Correct answer Streptococcus Each of the following is an antituberculin agent EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? Ethambutol Isoniazid Nizoral Rifampin - Correct answer C. Nizoral Which condition warrants antibiotic premedication? - Correct answer Repaired congenital heart disease
Which vitamin is associated with the deficiency beriberi? - Correct answer Thiamin Which is primarily responsible for pharmacologic metabolism? - Correct answer Liver Which procedure establishes the most definitive diagnosis for oral cancer? - Correct answer Scalpel biopsy A 17 yr old presents for a third molar evaluation. The panoramic radiograph reveals the apical thirst of roots #1 & #2 have fused together. Which best defines this anomaly? - Correct answer Concrescence Concrescence is the fusion of 2 individually developed teeth with cementum only. Gemination occurs when a single tooth bud forms tow joined teeth. A patient's intramural examination reveals a well-circumscribed, raised lesion along the lateral border of the tongue. The lesion is soft, deep purple and measures 2mm diameter. The patient believes it first appeared after accidentally biting the tongue. Which best defines the lesion? - Correct answer Hemangioma Intraoral lesions may occur with each of the following condition EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? - Correct answer Basal cell carcinoma Basal cell carcinoma is a skin tumor often found the face or lips, not the oral cavity. Which infectious disease is NOT caused by the coxsackievirus? - Correct answer Verruca vulgaris Verruca vulgaris is an oral wart caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV) In which region does an early symptom of measles appear? - Correct answer Buccal mucosa A pregnant woman reports a freely moveable, deep red tissue mass, which extends from the labial gingival between maxillary right premolars. The surface of the lesion is ulcerated and bleeds easily. A histologic analysis indicates the lesion is composed of connective tissue, capillaries, and inflammatory cells. Which best defines the lesion? - Correct answer Pyogenic granuloma A patient's buccal mucosa exhibits tiny white nodules connected by slender raised lines in a lace-like pattern. This finding is a clinical manifestation of - Correct answer lichen plants The parents of a 7 yr old are concerned by the development a soft, blue, vesicle-like swelling on the gingiva where tooth #8 is expected to erupt. No significant radiographic findings exist other than the partial eruption of tooth #8. Which course of action is recommended? - Correct answer No treatment is required; the cyst will dissipate naturally. Which best describes the etiology of pemphigus vulgaris? - Correct answer Autoimmune response
The most common tumor of the salivary glands is ranula. A ranula is clinically found on the floor of the mouth. - Correct answer The first statement is false, the second is true. During pregnancy, when do most embryonic cleft malformations occur? - Correct answer First trimester Where is chronic atrophic candidiasis most likely found? - Correct answer Palate Which description best explains the phenomenon of referred pain? - Correct answer Convergence of sensory nerve impulses Which results will ensue if a kilovolt peak (kVp) below 65 is used when exposing radiographs? - Correct answer Exposure to radiation is increased Each of the following compounds is used to fluoridate domestic water systems EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Acidulated phosphate Hydrofluorosilicic acid Sodium fluoride Sodium silicofluoride - Correct answer Acidulated phosphate Acidulated phosphate is an in-office, professional topical fluoride. Most dental sealants places are self cured because this process allows for a longer working time for the operator. - Correct answer NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct. Each of the following patients would benefit from prescription fluoride supplements EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? - Correct answer 33 yr old female in her second trimester of pregnancy who drinks unfluoridated water. In addition to bleeding, which other characteristic best describes a mild case of gingivitis? - Correct answer Areas of pseudopocketing Each of the following are true concerning professionally applied topical fluoride in a tray EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
- Correct answer Ask patient to rinse thoroughly following the application to prevent ingestion. Which most effectively identifies plaque biofilm on tooth surfaces? - Correct answer Disclosing agent Mobility is a risk factor for periodontal disease progression. Mobility is measures using bidigital evaluation when teeth are not occluded. - Correct answer Both statements are true After taking a periodical of tooth #24 using the paralleling technique, the dental hygienist notices the image appears elongated. How would the dental hygienist correct this error? - Correct answer Increase negative vertical angulation
Which preservative ingredient is in local anesthesics? - Correct answer Sodium bisulfite Which strategy should be implemented for a patient who presents with a sustain blood pressure reading of 160/100 mm Hg with no previous history of hypertension? - Correct answer Postpone treatment and refer patient to physician of record. Which oral hygiene index included all teething the assessment and is used for plaque visualization and oral hygiene motivation? - Correct answer O'Leary's Plaque Control Record Which is classified as an acquired disability? - Correct answer Multiple sclerosis (MS) Which is a developmental disability? - Correct answer Chromosomal abnormality Which should be obtained when physical restraint is recommended for patient safety during a dental procedure? - Correct answer Informed consent Informed consent give permission from a patient, or legal guardian, after the potential risks of treatment have been explained. Implied consent occurs when a patient without a formal agreement, consents to treatment through actions. Informed refusal occurs when a patient declines treatment after a tx plan is presented. Implied approval is not a legal term used in dentistry. Which person may give consent when presenting a treatment plan for an incompetent adult? - Correct answer Legal guardian For elective dental procedures, in which trimester should a pregnant patient be treated? - Correct answer Second When developing oral hygiene instruction for an elderly patient, at what age should the education material be directed? - Correct answer Functional Functional age is based on performance capacities of the patient; educational strategies are always based on a patient's functional ability. During a case presentation, which patient visual impairment requires the clinician to be positioned to the patients side? - Correct answer Macular degeneration Which best describes the principal cause of the periodontitis? - Correct answer Host response to bacterial plaque biofilm Which bony structure is initially destroyed by periodontitis? - Correct answer Cortical plate of interdental septum The initial examination of a 45 yr old female reveals localized advanced periodontitis. Which is the initial treatment? - Correct answer Nonsurgical periodontal therapy Which periodontal disease does NOT benefit from systemic antibiotic treatment? - Correct answer Localized advanced chronic
Which sequence of debridement is recommended for moderate periodontitis (Case type III)? - Correct answer Quadrant scaling and root planing in four treatment appointments At which interval of maintenance treatment, in months, does the long-term success of nonsurgical periodontal therapy rely? - Correct answer 3 months An assessment of the patient's dentition reveals the presence of a large amalgam overhang. Radiographic evidence confirms that nearly two-thirds of the inter-proximal embrasure space is obstructed by amalgam. Which procedure is indicated? - Correct answer Replacement of restoration Which is true regarding sutures? - Correct answer Sutures are always knotted buccal surfaces Periodontal dressings are used to stop gingival bleeding after periodontal surgery. Surgical wounds heal more quickly when protected by a periodontal dressing. - Correct answer Both statements are false Which are side effects of locally administered antibiotics? - Correct answer Nonexistent Which periodontal probing depth is recorded when the 3mm mark is just barely covered? - Correct answer 4mm The patient's periodontal evaluation reveals a localized 6mm probe reading accompanied by 3mm of recession and 1mm of mesiolingual mobility. Which figure in mm represents the clinical attachment loss? - Correct answer 9 mm CAL From which approach is the missal furcation of tooth #3 examined? - Correct answer Palatal Which assesses fremitus? - Correct answer Clinician's index finger Each oral finding is within normal limits EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? - Correct answer Ranula In which position is the hard and soft palate most visible? - Correct answer Supine; head tilted back and mouth wide open Which is the most common site for intraoral cancer? - Correct answer Lateral border of tongue Which extra-oral projection is used to evaluate skeletal relationships prior to orthodontic treatment? - Correct answer Lateral cephalometric Which classification does the ASA assign a patient with controlled angina pectoris? - Correct answer III The vast majority of disabled individuals earn a middle-class income. The cost of dental treatment is manageable for most patients with disabilities. - Correct answer Both statements are false
Which is the best reason to maintain a separate incident file for documenting irrational or belligerent patient behavior? - Correct answer Dentist-client-attorney privilege The dentist cannot be held liable for acts by employees because the patient must prove the dentist knew the employee was incompetent. - Correct answer The statement is not correct but the reason is correct The dentist can be held liable for acts or omission by employees. In cases of negligent hiring and retention, the patient must prove the dentist knew or should have known the employee was incompetent. Which is NOT a purpose for accurate chart documentation? - Correct answer Genetic mapping Two-tone disclosing solution is used to assess the patient's overall home-care routine. Violet-blue pigment stains the lingual surfaces of the MD premolars, which are tilted lingually towards the prominent MD tori. All other tooth surfaces are clean and unstained. Which brushing modification will likely produce an improvement? - Correct answer Augment current routine with a child-size toothbrush and area-specific instruction Which instruction is NOT recommended fo maintenance of a pariah denture with clasps? - Correct answer Soak partial denture overnight in a dilute sodium hypochlorite solution Which toothbrushing method is most effective for cleaning around fixed orthodontic appliances? - Correct answer Charter The Charter method effectively cleans around fixed orthodontic appliances because the toothbrush bristles are positions in an occlusal, rather than sulcular direction. A patient in her second trimester of pregnancy experiences severe muring sickness. Which should the patient do immediately after vomiting> - Correct answer Rinse mother-in-law thoroughly with a solution of baking soda and water A through review of the health history and nutritional analysis indicates the patient is at an elevated risk for developing osteoporosis. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with a loss of mineralized bone tissue - Correct answer vitamin D Which oral finding is indicative of habitual thumb-sucking? - Correct answer Extreme over-jet of MX incisors Which restorative material provided the greatest compressive strength? - Correct answer Amalgram Which polishing method is least damaging to enamel? - Correct answer Air-powder using sodium bicarbonate and water Which technique produces the most accurate alginate impression? - Correct answer Mix alginate powder with cool water Impressions for athletic mouthgaurds are acquired with removable appliances in place. Athletes should be advised to remove these appliances when participating in sports. - Correct answer The first statement is false and the second is true
Which patient is the best candidate for aesthetic bleaching? - Correct answer 32 yr old male with trauma related discoloration in non-vital teeth During sealant placement, which angles in degrees, provides the greatest retention? - Correct answer 45 Which sequence of steps correctly prepares a tooth for sealant placement? - Correct answer Clean, dry, etch, rinse, and dry The thin layer of uncured resin which forms on the surface of a newly-cured sealant should be removed with gauze or a cotton roll because this oxygen-inhibited layer is harmful to the patient - Correct answer The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT Each of the following can be recommended a fluoride rincse EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? - Correct answer 4 yr old female with visible heavy plaque and clinical evidence of incipient caries Which instruction supports proper moth protector (athletic mouthguard) home care? - Correct answer clean with a toothbrush and liquid soap The operator is cautioned to close his or her eyes when curing materials because direct exposure to the intense blue light may damage the retina. - Correct answer The statement is NOT correct but the reason is correct Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is a wifely used chemotherapeutic rinse proven effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis. Chlorhexidine gluconate is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria - Correct answer Both statements are true Which is NOT a local functional factor that contributes to the retention of dental biofilm? - Correct answer tooth anatomy tooth anatomy is a local predisposing factor, not a functional factor that contributes to biofilm retention. Locally administered antimorcrobials places in a periodontally diseased pocket have proven to produce a positive change in the health of the periodontist. Locally administered antimicrobials are designed to be applied in periodontal pockets 5 mm or greater. - Correct answer Both statements are true According to the Classification System of the American Academy of Periodontology, which classification of periodontal diseases is generalized aggressive periodontitis? - Correct answer III Interdental vertical bony defects are typically visible on radiographs. The occurrence of interdental vertical bony defects decreases with age. - Correct answer The first statement is true and the second is false Visibility of the tooth root may be an esthetic concern for a patient following periodontal surgery. Exposed root surfaces in the oral cavity may lead to dentinal hypersensitivity and an increased risk for developing root caries. - Correct answer Both statement are true. In relation to disease transmission, which describes an improperly stored toothbrush? - Correct answer Fomite
Where does the base of a supra bony pocket lie? - Correct answer Above crest of alveolar bone Which ethical principle does informed consent uphold? - Correct answer Autonomy A dental material's resilience estimates the total elastic energy it ca absorb before deformation occurs. A dental material s elastic strain represents its stiffness. - Correct answer The first statement is true and the second is false a 42 yr old patient presents to the dental office for periodontal care. The health history indicates she is currently undergoing cancer treatment. Which is recorded other than in the patient's disease status information? - Correct answer Patient's appearance due to cancer A 53 yr old patient returns to the dental office 5 weeks after non-surgical periodontal therapy for re-evaluation. Although the tissue response is generally positive, the hygienist notes one area of localized inflammation with bleeding on probing. Which action should the hygienist take? - Correct answer Explore site for residual calculus deposits or plaque retentive factors Which describes the dental hygienist's role in treating a person with ADHD? - Correct answer Allow patient to be involved with appointment and hold suction A dental hygienist is creating an oral health care program for participants at a local Women, Infants, and Children program (WIC). The hygienist will develop a community profile to determine the WIC participant's dental knowledge. Instruction will include toothbrushing, oral physiotherapy techniques, and the relationship between diet and dental decay. The program will be offered for one month on days participants pick up food vouchers. By offering instruction at the WIC site, the dental hygienist hopes to educate caregivers and children early enough to prevent dental decay. - Correct answer Agriculture Which describes WIC historical data used to develop the community profile? - Correct answer Secondary Which type of data is gathered when WIC participants are asked, "Describe how you brush your child's teeth." - Correct answer Qualitative Qualitative data describes, rather than measures, information. The statement, "The oral health care program will improve the dental health of women and their children," is an example of the program... - Correct answer goal Which level of prevention does the oral health care program address? - Correct answer Primary Which provides information to parents on child development stages so the child's oral health needs can be adequately met? - Correct answer Anticipatory guidance An orthodontist hypothesizes a relationship exists between tongue thrust swallowing and the position of anterior teeth. He conducts a study by selecting 35 subjects who have tongue thrust swallowing and a control group of 35 subjects without tongue-thrust swallowing. Occlusion was determines using Angle's classification of malocclusion. The overate of those who had tongue thrust were measured and compared with the corresponding values of the control subjects. The same orthodontist performed all measurements.
Results determines that with p < 0.05, overate measurements were significantly increased in persons with tongue-thrust when compared to persons who did not have tongue-thrust. Which study was conducted? - Correct answer Clinical trial Which sampling technique was used to select the subjects? - Correct answer Purposive In this study, which was the independent variable? - Correct answer Tongue-thrust swallowing In this study, which important aspect was achieved by using only one examiner? - Correct answer Intra-examiner reliability Which statistical test is used to test the mean scores of the two groups? - Correct answer Independent t-test Referring to occurrence by chance alone, what does p< .05 indicate? - Correct answer 5% or less probability A community fair was held to provide information to residents regarding issue related to dental health. The dental hygienists organizing the event wanted to determine if the fair had an impact on the attendees' dental knowledge. Attendee were asked to complete a questionnaire prior to visiting five booths and immediately following attendance at the last booth. 93 attendees voluntarily chose to complete the survey. The survey was a 10 - item dental health knowledge questionnaire with each item worth one point. It was administered in a pre and post test design. Questionnaire items were in a true or false format. Each item was scored "1" of answered correctly and "0" if answered incorrectly. Items were totaled and overall pre-test scores were compared with overall post- test scores. A statistical analysis was used to determine the difference between the mean scores (p<.01). The pre-test results revealed a mean score of 6.49 and the post-test score revealed a mean score of 7.91. After reviewing the results the hygienists concluded the dental health fair was a benefit to the community. Which study was conducted? - Correct answer Cross-sectional Which sampling technique was used to select the attendees? - Correct answer Convenience In this study, which was the dependent variable? - Correct answer Test scores In this study, which is the independent variable? - Correct answer Dental education Which statistical test measure the mean scores? - Correct answer Dependent t-test Referring to occurrence by chance alone, what does p< .01 indicate? - Correct answer 1% or less probability City council members are scheduled to listen to concerns of the community at a public meeting regarding fluoride supplementation of city water. The main points of contention within the community revolve around the issues of too much or too little fluoride in the water. In addition, several vocal antifluoridationists declare the city government is forcing medication on them with the fluoridation. The president of the local dental hygiene association has been asked to provide the forum with information on water fluoridation, alternatives to fluoridation, and other community concerns.
