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HESI DENTAL HYGIENE EXAM NEWEST EXAM
2025 | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
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Which level of disinfectants destroys bacteria, most fungi, viruses, and is registered by the EPA as TUBERCULOCIDAL? A. High B. Intermediate C. Low ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Intermediate Which level of disinfectants destroys bacteria, some fungi, viruses, but IS NOT tuberculocidal? A. High B. Intermediate C. Low ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Low What level of disinfectants are DETERGENTS? A. High B. Intermediate C. Low ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------low What level of disinfectants are GLUTARALDEHYDES? A. High B. Intermediate C. Low ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------High What level of disinfectants are chlorine-containing compounds, iodophors, and phenolics?
A. High B. Intermediate C. Low ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Intermediate disinfectants Which level of disinfectants destroys ALL microorganisms, but may NOT destroy high numbers of BACTERIAL SPORES? A. High B. Intermediate C. Low ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------high T/F: Housekeeping surfaces CANNOT be cleaned with soap and water? --- ------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False; it can be What surfaces include floors, walls, and sinks and are less likely to transmit disease? A. Clinical contact surfaces B. Housekeeping surfaces ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Housekeeping surfaces Which surfaces can become contaminated from sprays or droplets or by touching with gloved hands (HAVE POTENTIAL to transmit disease)? A. Clinical contact surfaces B. Housekeeping surfaces ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Clinical contact surfaces T/F: Always change barriers between patients when working with clinical contact surfaces? They can be cleaned with soap and water. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------First statement is true, second is false; must be CLEANED AND DISINFECTED
What setting should the steam autoclave be placed on? What are the disadvantages of its use? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------250'F, 15 - 30 minutes; corrode non-stainless steels and dull instruments How must critical instruments be cleaned? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----- ------------They must be sterilized after each use What classification of instrument PENETRATES soft oral tissue or bone? A. Noncritical B. Semi-critical C. Critical ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Critical What classification of instrument comes into contact with SKIN? A. Noncritical B. Semi-critical C. Critical ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Noncritical What classification of instrument does NOT penetrate soft oral tissue or bone, but contacts ORAL MUCOSA or nonintact skin? A. Noncritical B. Semi-critical C. Critical ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Semi-critical mouth mirrors and impression trays are examples of which classification of instrument? A. Noncritical B. Semi-critical C. Critical ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Semi-critical
Periodontal probes and explorers are examples of which classification of instrument? A. Noncritical B. Semi-critical C. Critical ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Critical BP cuffs, instrument trays, and light handles are examples of which classification of instruments? A. Noncritical B. Semi-critical C. Critical ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------noncritical What type of INDICATOR refers to HEAT-SENSITIVE chemicals that CHANGE COLOR when exposed to certain TEMPERATURES to assess conditions during the sterilization process? EX: Autoclave tape on sterilization pouches that turn BROWN when clean A. Biologic indicators B. Chemical indicators ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Chemical indicators What type of INDICATOR refers to SPORE TESTS for verification of sterility and is the HIGHEST level of STERILITY ASSURANCE? A. Biologic indicators B. Chemical indicators ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Biologic indicators What has the CDC recommended that all dental units water systems use as the standard? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Less than or equal to 500 CFU/mL of heterotrophic water bacteria
What is the normal temperature range? What is the ideal temperature of a person? ---------CORRECT ANSWER---- -------------96'F- 99.5 F 36.5-37.7 C 98.6 F (37 C). What is defined as pressure that is exerted on the walls of the blood vessels? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Blood pressure What is the normal range of pulse? What is tachycardia? What is bradycardia? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 60 - 100 bpm
100 bpm <60 bpm What is normal blood pressure? What is an elevated blood pressure? What is stage I hypertension? What is stage II hypertension? What is a hypertensive crisis? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- <120/< 120 - 129/< 130 - 139 /80- 89 Greater than or equal to 140/greater than or equal to 90 180/> 120 What system estimates the medical RISK for the patient and is assessed even when ANESTHESIA is not used? A. ASA B. CDC C. BPA
D. EPA ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System) Which ASA classification represents a healthy patient, minimal alcohol use, and little to no dental anxiety; no treatment modifications. HEALTHY PATIENT ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ASA I SEVERE SYSTEMIC DISEASE; Substantive functional limitations, One or more MODERATE TO SEVERE diseases, POORLY controlled diabetes mellitus Type II or hypertension, Controlled Type I Diabetes, COPD, severe persistent asthma, morbid obesity (BMI ≥40), active hepatitis, alcohol dependence or abuse, IMPLANTED PACEMAKER, End stage renal disease undergoing regularly scheduled dialysis, History (>6 months) of MI, CVA, TIA, or CAD, IMMUNOSUPPRESSED due to disease or medication; MED CONSULT NEEDED, PREMED OR ANTIBIOTIC WARRANTED ------ ---CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ASA III SEVERE SYSTEMIC DISEASE THAT IS A CONSTANT THREAT TO LIFE; Recent ( < 6 months) MI, CVA, TIA, or CAD, Ongoing cardiac ischemia or severe valve dysfunction, End stage renal disease not undergoing regularly scheduled dialysis; POSTPONE DENTAL CARE AND TREAT IN HOSPITAL ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ASA IV MILD SYSTEMIC DISEASE; Which ASA classification represents someone with a mild diseases WITHOUT substantive functional limitations, current smoker OR tobacco or nicotine use, social alcohol drinker, pregnancy, obesity (30 < BMI < 40), well-controlled diabetes mellitus Type II or hypertension, MILD lung disease, moderate to severe dental anxiety, and EPILEPSY; medical consult needed when indicated and modify treatment when needed ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ASA II
B. Acquired pellicle C. Colonization ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Acquired pellicle What is the nutrient source for supra-gingival plaque and calculus? A. saliva B. GCV (gingival crevicular fluid C. Food D. Vitamins ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------saliva What is the nutrient source for subgingival plaque and calculus? A. saliva B. GCV (gingival crevicular fluid C. Food D. Vitamins ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------GCV Which assessment supplies the most accurate account of a patient's dietary habits? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 3 - day food diary Periodontal exam of 51 year old male confirms the development of a type II embrasure with localized areas of slight to moderate gingival recession. Which aid is recommended for effective interdental cleaning in this area ---- -----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------interdental proxy brush proxy brush for type II and III end-tufted brush - type III or proximal surfaces where a tooth is missing What are the post op care instructions provided after periodontal surgery? - --------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------limit physical activity eat a soft, balanced diet use an extra soft tooth brush
composite and porcelain restorations should be protected with a thin layer of water based lubrication before applying sodium fluoride. Dental sealants are unaffected by the application of any fluoride treatment and require no protective measures. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------both statements are false sealants, composites resins, and porcelain restorations should be protected with a water based lubricant prior to APF fluoride treatment. which statement is true regarding the purpose of polishing teeth? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------considered a cosmetic procedure what is the most appropriate radiographic recommendation for a patient presenting with extensive dental work and at risk for decay? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a full mouth periapical series each of the following could be mistaken as dental caries on a dental image except one. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------radiopaque bases each of the following interdental aids are effective plaque removal of type II embrasures except ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------floss threader these are effective self care aids for type II embrasures interdental brush textured floss toothpick
the dental hygienist post dates a treatment appointment on an insurance form. this is an example of ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- criminal law this is fraud which would be dealt under criminal law- a law established to prevent harm to society. in some cases of professional negligence, an expert witness is not needed. a hygienist breaking an instrument tip and leaving it in the sulcus would require an expert witness. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------first statement is true, second is false. leaving broken instrument in the sulcus does not require expert witness. this is evidence under the doctrine of res ipsa loquitor- the matter speaks for itself. a breach of contact occurs when privacy rights have been violated. Harm has to occur for there to be a breach of contract. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------first statement is true and second is false. harm does not have to occur. which situation would not require written consent? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------radiographs taking radiographs is part of the standard of care when treating a patient. which situations would require a written consent? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------taking minor children in public programs providing treatment that extends over a year
taking a patient's photo a new patient shows evidence of subginigval calculus with 5-6mm pocket depths. the patient questions the extensive treatment plan presented, especially since she has had her teeth cleaned every 6 months. Which does this pose? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ethical dilemma occurs when a sitation presents with one or more opposing ethical principles refers to the science or philosophy of law ---------CORRECT ANSWER------- ----------jurisprudence refers to certain types of misconduct by healthcare providers, for which they are legally liable to compensate a patient who is a victim of these wrongful acts ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------malpractice a tort, includes libel and slander ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- defamation the patient fears receiving local anesthesia, the dental hygienist informs the patient the injection will not hurt, yet it does. this is a violation of? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------veracity each of the following is an example of criminal law ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------claiming a procedure was completed when it was not
what microorganisms are present almost immediately after plaque removal ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------gram positive cocci each of the following are blisterform lesions ---------CORRECT ANSWER---- -------------vesicle pustule bulla a superficial, elevated solid lesion that is typically less than or equal to 1cm in diameter. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------papule which palpation technique is used to determine the presence of mandibular tori? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------digital what methods of palpation are used to palpate the lymph nodes or thyroid gland? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------manual (fingers from one hand are used to grasp tissue) and bimanual method (fingers and thumb from each hand are used simultaneously to palpate tissues) what method is of palpation is used to palpate the lips ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------bidigital during a medical emergency, each of the following exhibits an increase in blood pressure except for? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- myocardial infarction- the blood pressure during a MI may be normal, but commonly is decreased.
during a medical emergency, what conditions exhibits an increase in blood pressure ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------acute allergic reaction epilepsy asthma pulmonary edema prior to a dental procedure, which requires prophylactic antibiotics --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------history of infective endocarditis a patient presents with a blood pressure reading of 142/90. which ASA risk classification is this patient? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------II the maxillary canine occludes with the distal half of the mandibular canine and the mesial half of the mandibular first premolar. Which angle's classification of occlusion does this describe? ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------class I malocclusion a patient admits swallowing some fluoride during an in-office professional application. The patient may experience acute fluoride toxicity because the fluoride reacts with the stomach acid to form hydrogen fluoride which which irritates the stomach lining. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------both the statement and reason are correct and related. in dentifrices, which active ingredient helps decrease calculus formation? -- -------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------pyrophosphate
using G. V. Black, which location describes a class VI restoration. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------caries affecting cusp tips of molars, premolars, and cuspids which gracey curet is used to root plane the DISTAL surface of the mesial buccal root of tooth #2 ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------13/ 5/6 gracey is used on ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------premolars 9/10 gracey is used on ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------facial and lingual surfaces of posterior teeth 11/12 gracey is used on ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------mesial surfaces of posterior teeth which interaction of xrays with matter occurs most frequently? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------compton scatter accounts for 62% of the scatter that occurs in diagnostic radiography. where does thermionic emission occur in the dental xray tube? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------negatively charged cathode
which radiographic finding appears a round radiopacities superimposed over or near the apicies of the mandibular posterior teeth ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------mandibular tori what is the most common cause for a clear or blank film ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------no exposure to radiation what causes a lighter image ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- decreased kilovoltage peak settings and reversed film packet placement what causes a black radiographic image ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------- ---------accidental white light exposure each of the following is an indication for periapical projections? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------trauma to teeth periodontal disease endodontic therapy which position indicating device (PID) provides the best radiation protection for the patient ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------rectangular open ended and lead lined are also preferred, but rectangular is the most effective when the hygienist becomes the patient for radiographic exposures, where should the radiation monitoring badge be placed? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------in a radiation safe area
