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Heredity and Genetics Vocabulary (Part 2) 1. Traits, Exercises of Genetics

Traits: A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes. ... Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism: all the genes.

Typology: Exercises

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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Heredity and Genetics Vocabulary (Part 2)
1. Traits: A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its
offspring through its genes.
2. Heredity: The passing of genes from parents to offspring:
the genes are expressed in the traits of the offspring.
3. Inheritance: receiving genetic qualities that are passed from
parent to offspring.
4. Genetics: The scientific study of heredity.
5. Allele: A form of a gene for a specific trait.
6. Offspring: The new organisms produced by one or two parent
organisms.
7. Punnett square: A chart used to show all the ways genes from
two parents can combine and be passed to offspring; used to
predict all genotypes that are possible.
Punnett square example using R to represent the alleles.
8. Dominant: Describes the allele that determines the
phenotype of an individual organism when two different copies
are present in the genotype.
9. Recessive: A term that describes an allele that in not
expressed (masked or hidden) when combined with a dominant
form of the gene.
10. Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism: all the genes
that an organism has.
11. Phenotype: The observable characteristics or traits of an
organism.
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Heredity and Genetics Vocabulary (Part 2)

  1. Traits: A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.
  2. Heredity: The passing of genes from parents to offspring: the genes are expressed in the traits of the offspring.
  3. Inheritance: receiving genetic qualities that are passed from parent to offspring.
  4. Genetics: The scientific study of heredity.
  5. Allele: A form of a gene for a specific trait.
  6. Offspring: The new organisms produced by one or two parent organisms.
  7. Punnett square: A chart used to show all the ways genes from two parents can combine and be passed to offspring; used to predict all genotypes that are possible.

Punnett square example using R to represent the alleles.

  1. Dominant: Describes the allele that determines the phenotype of an individual organism when two different copies are present in the genotype.
  2. Recessive: A term that describes an allele that in not expressed (masked or hidden) when combined with a dominant form of the gene.
  3. Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism: all the genes that an organism has.
  4. Phenotype: The observable characteristics or traits of an organism.
  1. Homozygous: Having two identical alleles for a trait.  Example: TT
  2. Heterozygous: Having two different alleles for a trait.  Example: Tt
  3. Homozygous Dominant: Having two dominant alleles for a trait.  Example: TT
  4. Homozygous Recessive: Having two recessive alleles for a trait.  Example: tt
  5. Purebred: An organism that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent.
  6. Hybrid: An organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait.
  7. Pedigree: A chart that shows family relationships, including two or more generations.

Sample pedigree chart: