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Functions of Heart
Regulates blood supplyGenerates blood pressureRoutes
bloodEnsures one way blood flow
TERM 2
Pericardium
DEFINITION 2
Double layered sac that anchors and protects the heart
TERM 3
Fibrous Pericardium
DEFINITION 3
Tough, fibrous connective tissue outer layer
TERM 4
Serous Pericardium
DEFINITION 4
thinner inner layer of pericardium
TERM 5
Parietal Pericardium
DEFINITION 5
Portion of SP lining the FP; membrane around heart's cavity
Visceral Pericardium
Portion of SP covering heart's surface
TERM 7
Pericardial Cavity
DEFINITION 7
Space around heart between Parietal and Visceral
TERM 8
Pericardial Fluid
DEFINITION 8
Fills Pericardial cavity and reduces friction
TERM 9
Epicardium
DEFINITION 9
Surface of heart, heart wall layer
TERM 10
Myocardium
DEFINITION 10
thick, middle layer composed of cardiac muscle, heart wall
layer
Interatrial Septum
separates right and left atria
TERM 17
Ventricles
DEFINITION 17
lower portion of heart, pumping chambers, thick/strong
walled, contract forcefully to propel blood out of heart
TERM 18
Interventicular Septum
DEFINITION 18
separates right and left ventricle
TERM 19
Valves
DEFINITION 19
structures insure one way blood flow
TERM 20
Atrioventicular Valves
DEFINITION 20
between atria and ventricles
Tricuspid
Valve
atrioventicular valve between right atrium and right
ventricle, 3 cusps
TERM 22
Bicuspid
Valve
DEFINITION 22
atrioventicular valve between left atria and left ventricle, 2
cusps
TERM 23
Chordae Tendenae
DEFINITION 23
attached to atrioventicular, flaps, support valves
TERM 24
Papillary Muscles
DEFINITION 24
cone shaped muscle pillars, prevent valves from opening
during contraction
TERM 25
Pulmonary Semilunar
DEFINITION 25
base of pulmonary trunk, semilunar valve
Coronary Sinus
drains blood from myocardium
TERM 32
Right Ventricle
DEFINITION 32
opens into pulmonary trunk
TERM 33
Pulmonary Trunk
DEFINITION 33
splits into right and left pulmonary arteries
TERM 34
Pulmonary Arteries
DEFINITION 34
carry blood away to lungs
TERM 35
Systemic Circuit
DEFINITION 35
carries blood from heart to body, oxygen rich and carbon
dioxide poor
Left Atrium
4 openings (pulmonary veins), receive blood from lungs
TERM 37
Left Ventricle
DEFINITION 37
opens into aorta, thicker/contract forcefully, larger/stronger
then right
TERM 38
Aorta
DEFINITION 38
carries blood from left ventricle to body
TERM 39
Coronary Arteries
DEFINITION 39
supply blood to heart, originate from base of aorta
TERM 40
Left Coronary Artery
DEFINITION 40
has 3 branches, supply blood to anterior heart wall and left
ventricle
Repolarization
potassium channels open, calcium channels closed
TERM 47
Conduction system of heart
DEFINITION 47
contraction of atria and ventricles by cardiac muscle cells,
can occur w/o neutral stimulation
TERM 48
Sinoatrial Node (SA Node)
DEFINITION 48
where action potential originates, in right atrium, functions
as pacemaker
TERM 49
Atrioventricular Node (AV Node)
DEFINITION 49
action potential spreads slowly, in lower right atrium
TERM 50
AV Bundle
DEFINITION 50
extends from av node into ventricular septum, action
potential moves rapidly through
Purkinje Fibers
extend from apex to cardiac muscle of ventricle walls
TERM 52
Components of
Electrocardiogram
DEFINITION 52
P wave: depolarization of atriaQRS complex: depolarization of
ventriclesTW: repolarization of ventricles
TERM 53
Cardia Cycle
DEFINITION 53
repetitive pumping process that begins with the onset of
cardiac muscle contraction and ends with beginning of next
contraction (includes relaxation)
TERM 54
Atrial Systole
DEFINITION 54
contraction of atria
TERM 55
Ventricular Systole
DEFINITION 55
contraction of systole
Venous Return
amount of blood that returns to heart
TERM 62
Preload
DEFINITION 62
degree ventricular walls are stretched at end of diastole
TERM 63
Starlings Law of the Heart
DEFINITION 63
relationship between preload and stroke volume, influences
cardiac output
TERM 64
Afterload
DEFINITION 64
pressure against which ventricles must pump blood
TERM 65
Circulatory System Function
DEFINITION 65
carries bloodexchanges nutrients, waste products, gases
with tissuestransport substancesregulate blood
pressuredirects blood flow to tissues
Arteries
carry blood away from heart, thick with a lot of elastic
TERM 67
Veins
DEFINITION 67
carry blood towards heart, thick with less elastic
TERM 68
Capillaries
DEFINITION 68
exchange occurs between blood and tissue fluids, thin walls;
slow blood flow; most numerous
TERM 69
Blood Flow
DEFINITION 69
flows from arteries into arterioles, arterioles into cappillaries,
into venules, into small veins, into heart
TERM 70
Blood Vessel Walls
DEFINITION 70
Consists of layers called tunics
Arterioles
small, transport blood from small arteries to capillaries
TERM 77
Vasoconstriction
DEFINITION 77
decrease in blood vessel diameter and blood flow
TERM 78
Vassodilation
DEFINITION 78
increase in blood vessel diameter and blood flow
TERM 79
Capillaries
DEFINITION 79
branches into networks, blood flow regulated by precapillary
sphincters, walls consist of endothelium, a layer of simple
squamous epithelium surrounded by loose connective tissue,
facilitates diffusion
TERM 80
Venules
DEFINITION 80
blood flows from capill. to venules to small veins, slightly
larger than capillaries but similar structure
Small Veins
all 3 tunics present
TERM 82
Medium Veins
DEFINITION 82
collect blood from small veins and deliver to large veins
TERM 83
Large Veins
DEFINITION 83
contain valves that allow blood to flow toward heart, but not
backward
TERM 84
Ascending Aorta
DEFINITION 84
Passes superiorly from left ventricle; coronary arteries arise
from it
TERM 85
Aortic
Arch
DEFINITION 85
3 major arteries which carry blood to head and upper limbs
Right Common Cartoid
branches off BA, supplies blood to right side of head and
neck
TERM 92
Right Subclavian Artery
DEFINITION 92
branches off BA, supplies blood to right upper limbs
TERM 93
Left Common Cartoid Artery
DEFINITION 93
supplies left side of head and neck
TERM 94
Left Subclavian Artery
DEFINITION 94
supplies blood to left upper limbs
TERM 95
Axillary Artery
DEFINITION 95
continuation of subclavian, supply blood deep in clavicle
Branchial Arteries
continuation of axillary, located in arm,whereblood pressure
measurement is taken
TERM 97
Ulnar Artery
DEFINITION 97
supply blood to forearm and hand
TERM 98
Radial Artery
DEFINITION 98
supply blood to forearm and hand, pulse taken here
TERM 99
Visceral Arteries
DEFINITION 99
supply thoracic organs
TERM 100
Parietal Arteries
DEFINITION 100
supply thoracic walls
