Download Health 100 Exam 1 Q&A: Wellness, Risk Factors, and Health Models and more Exams Public Health in PDF only on Docsity!
HEALTH 100 JMU EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Morbidity rate -- Answer ✔✔ The relative incidence of disease among a population Mortality rate -- Answer ✔✔ The proportion of deaths to population in a given period of time Medical Model -- Answer ✔✔ A view of health in which health status focuses primarily on the individual and biological or diseased-organ perspective Public Health/Ecological Model -- Answer ✔✔ A view of health in which diseases and other negative health events are seen as a result of an individual's interaction with his or her social and physical environment Disease Prevention -- Answer ✔✔ Actions or behaviors designed to keep people from getting sick
Health Promotion -- Answer ✔✔ Supports (educational, organizational, social, environmental, financial, procedural) that help individuals and groups reduce negative health behaviors and promote positive change Wellness -- Answer ✔✔ Achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions; optimal health and vitality The Dimensions of Wellness -- Answer ✔✔ Physical, Emotional, Intellectual,Social, Spiritual, Environmental, **Occupational (in other definitions of wellness) Top 5 Modifiable Risk Factors Affecting Health Life Expectancy? -- Answer ✔✔ Diet, Smoking, Physical Activity, Body Weight, Alcohol Consumption Most reported impediments to academic performance? -- Answer ✔✔ stress, anxiety, sleep difficulties DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH? -- Answer ✔✔ Biology and genetics, Individual behavior, Social factors, Access to quality health services, Policymaking, Health Disparities Health Belief Model -- Answer ✔✔ I. Rosenstock in 1966- healthy behavior change is more likely if... The health problem is perceived to be serious, The individual perceives that the health problem poses a threat, Perceived benefits, Perceived barriers can be overcome, There are cues to action Social Cognitive Model -- Answer ✔✔ Model of behavior change emphasizing the role of social factors and thought processes in behavior change
Endocrine System -- Answer ✔✔ Glands secrete hormones such as epinephrine/adrenaline and cortisol Factors Affecting Reaction to Stress -- Answer ✔✔ Biological factors, Cultural background, Experience, Hardiness, Resilience Allostatic load -- Answer ✔✔ long term negative impact of stress response on the body resulting from overexposure to stress hormones such as cortisol Affects of Chronic Stress on Psychological & Intellectual Health -- Answer ✔✔ Affects focus, judgment, ability to think clearly; Impaired short-term and verbal memory memory; Anxiety, depression; possible increased risk of suicide; Panic attacks; Stress disorders... Psychosocial Stressors -- Answer ✔✔ Adjustment to change, Hassles, The toll of relationships, Academic and financial pressure, Stressful environments, Bias and discrimination, overload Managing Stress -- Answer ✔✔ Social support, Communication, Exercise, Nutrition, Sleep, TIME MANAGEMENT, Sleep deprivation -- Answer ✔✔ occurs when sleep is insufficient; impairs physical, emotional, & cognitive function Somnolence -- Answer ✔✔ drowsy, sluggish, lack of mental alertness that affects daily performance
What Makes You Sleep? -- Answer ✔✔ Circadian rhythm Internal "biological clock" that controls body temperature, levels of alertness & activity; also signals PINEAL GLAND to release MELATONIN and PITUITARY GLAND to release GROWTH HORMONE during sleep Sleep Cycles -- Answer ✔✔ Cycle back and forth from REM-NREM every 90- 100 minutes 4-5 x per night Memory "filing" occurs in both REM & slow-wave NREM sleep Dyssomnias -- Answer ✔✔ Insomnia, Sleep apnea, Narcolepsy, Restless Legs Syndrome Parasomnias -- Answer ✔✔ Sleepwalking disorder, Nocturnal eating disorder, Night terrors, Enuresis, Sexsomnia Treatments for Sleep Apnea -- Answer ✔✔ Mild forms - lose weight, stop smoking/drinking, sleep on side, decongestants, dental appliances Sleep studies - Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) device Samnoplasty- radio frequency surgical method PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH dimensions -- Answer ✔✔ Mental •Emotional•Social•Spiritual
Two neurotransmitters most commonly associated with mental disorders are.....? -- Answer ✔✔ Serotonin•Dopamine LEARNING DISABILITIES AND NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS -- Answer ✔✔ Attention-deficit (hyperactive) disorder (ADD / ADHD)•Dyslexia / dyscalculia/ dysgraphia•Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) PERSONALITY DISORDERS -- Answer ✔✔ Characterized by inflexible patterns of thought and beliefs that lead to socially distressing behavior The 3 facets of spirituality: -- Answer ✔✔ •Relationships•Values•Meaningful purpose in life Mortality -- Answer ✔✔ The proportion of deaths to population Life expectancy -- Answer ✔✔ Expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as birth Chronic disease -- Answer ✔✔ A disease that typically begins slowly, progresses and persists, with a variety of signs and symptoms that can be treated but not cured Healthy life expectancy -- Answer ✔✔ Expected number of years of full health remaining at a given age, such as at birth Health-related quality of life -- Answer ✔✔ Assessment of impact of health- including elements of physical, mental, emotional, and social function- on overall quality of life
Health -- Answer ✔✔ The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and environmental dimensions Infectious disease -- Answer ✔✔ Conditions caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; the diseases can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another.
