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Understanding Substance Use and Addiction: A Comprehensive Guide, Quizzes of Health sciences

The College of Idaho (C of I)Health sciences

Definitions and information on various terms related to substance use, addiction types, risk behaviors, characteristics of non-users, signs of dependence, risk factors, and types of drugs. It covers topics such as nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide, opioids, cns depressants, cns stimulants, cannabis products, hallucinogens, inhalants, alcohol, and environmental tobacco smoke.

Typology: Quizzes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 11/06/2012

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TERM 1
Addictive Behavior
DEFINITION 1
Habits that are out of control and negatively eff ect a person's
health
Physical tolerance to a chemical
TERM 2
Habit vs. addiction
DEFINITION 2
ReinforcementCompulsion/CravingLoss of ControlEscalation
TERM 3
Reinforcement
DEFINITION 3
Behavior produces pleasurable state or relieves a negative
one
TERM 4
Compulsion/Craving
DEFINITION 4
Individual compelled to engage in behavior
TERM 5
Loss of Control
DEFINITION 5
Individual cannot control behavior or keep from performing
it.
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Addictive Behavior

Habits that are out of control and negatively effect a person's

health

Physical tolerance to a chemical

TERM 2

Habit vs. addiction

DEFINITION 2

ReinforcementCompulsion/CravingLoss of ControlEscalation

TERM 3

Reinforcement

DEFINITION 3

Behavior produces pleasurable state or relieves a negative

one

TERM 4

Compulsion/Craving

DEFINITION 4

Individual compelled to engage in behavior

TERM 5

Loss of Control

DEFINITION 5

Individual cannot control behavior or keep from performing

it.

Escalation

Devote increasing resources to behavior

TERM 7

Addiction Types

DEFINITION 7

Drug SexExercise WorkaholismEating Disorders

TelevisionGamblingShoppingThrill

SeekingNicotinePerfectionismRelationships

TERM 8

Risk behaviors

DEFINITION 8

MaleAdolescencePossibly single mother who did not finish

high school***most common Jr. High girls and

cigarettes***Indifferent, poor gradesRisk taker

TERM 9

Characteristics of those who don't do drugs

DEFINITION 9

Regular school attendance, decent gradesStrong personal

identityReligious beliefs or value setsGood relationships @

home with parentsIndependent thinkersView drugs as risk

they'd rather not take

TERM 10

Signs of drug dependence

DEFINITION 10

Sudden withdrawal or emotional distanceRebellious or unusually

irritable behaviorA loss of interest in usual activities or hobbiesA

decline in academic performanceSudden change in chosen group

of friendsChange in sleep/eating habitsFrequent borrowing of

money or stealingSecretive behavior about personal

possessionsDeterioration of physical appearance

Types of tobacco products

CigarettesCigar/pipesChewing Tobacco

Typical cigar contain 13.3 mg nicotine 44 mg. of tar ('rette

has 1.1 and 16)

TERM 17

Dangerous substances in cigarettes

DEFINITION 17

NicotineTarCarbon monoxide

TERM 18

Nicotine

DEFINITION 18

central nervous system, stimulantNicotine is addictive property,

has cell receptorA pack a day smoker = 200 + hits of nicotine

No other 'drug' used at this level

TERM 19

Tar

DEFINITION 19

cancer causing process

TERM 20

Carbon monoxide

DEFINITION 20

Carbon monoxide: product of smoking

Types of smokers

Crutch (under times of stress)Pleasure/relaxationHabit (drink

when smoke, time of day)Addictive

TERM 22

Environmental tobacco smoke (2nd

hand)

DEFINITION 22

Mainstream (exhaled) and sidestream (burning cig) put non-

smokers @ risk

More tar, nicotine, etc.

TERM 23

Plans to quit

DEFINITION 23

Decide positively you want to quitBegin diet and exercise

programDecide on approach to useKeep daily log of smoking

habitsSet target date for quittingStock up on low calorie food and

waterThrow out cigarettes and stay away from smokers

TERM 24

Drugs

DEFINITION 24

Opioids, CNS Depressants, CNS Stimulants, Cannabis

products,Hallucinogens, Inhalants

TERM 25

Opioids

DEFINITION 25

Pain killers,Opium, morphine, heroin, methadone, codeine,

meperidine, fentanyl

Alcohol

Most common used drug in US, binge drinking = 5 drinks in 1

sitting, legal drinking limit = .08%

TERM 32

Facts about college

students

DEFINITION 32

About 20% of students don't drinkEstimated 4% of students drink

everyday3x more guys than girls4 bill. Cans of beer consumed a

year (by US)About 40% of students academic problems and 28% of

dropouts are related to alcohol use50%-80% of all violence on

campus related70% of perps and 80% of victims of sexual assault

under influence

TERM 33

Alcohol related problems pertaining to binge

DEFINITION 33

Drove after drinkingRegret actions/decisionsMissed

classArgues with friendsEngage in unplanned

sexUnprotected sexBehind in workInjuriesProblems w/police

TERM 34

Immediate alcohol related problems

DEFINITION 34

Reduced peripheral visionDecreased visual and hearing

acuitySlowed reaction timeImpaired concentration/motor

skillDissipation of fearIncreased risk taking behaviorsStimulated

urinationInduced sleepDecreased sexual function

TERM 35

Long-term alcohol related problems

DEFINITION 35

Cirrhosis of the liverOral, esophogal, and liver

cancerCardiomyopathiesHigher blood pressure Greater risk of

strokeInflammation of internal organsStomach ulcers

MalnutritionSexual impotenceLoss of memory (black out)Psychosis,

depression, hallucinations, delirium, tremors

Warning signs of dependence

Drinking alone/secretlyUsing alcohol deliberately to perform, get

through difficult situationsFeel uncomfortable without

alcoholEscalate consumptionConsume alcohol heavily and risky

behaviorsGet drunk regularlyDrink in morning/@ unusual time

TERM 37

Patterns of dependence

DEFINITION 37

Regular daily intakes of large amountsRegular heavy

drinking limited to weekendsLong periods of sobriety

w/bingesHeavy drinking limited to periods of stress

TERM 38

Marijuana

DEFINITION 38

Delta 9 THC (produces euphoria [exaggerated sense of

wellbeing])20x stronger than 60s44% ages 26-34Or, Ak, CA,

Hawaii, IDFat soluble: THC stores self in adipose tissue1/2 life of a

week up to 3 months or longer depending on amount

smokedTolerance (need for more for same effect)/reverse

tolerance (for some people may take less to achieve effect)

TERM 39

Marijuana Short term effects

DEFINITION 39

TachycardiaDryness of MouthEnhanced appetiteLess

coordinationIntermittent confusionImpairment of short term

memoryLoss of continuous speechLoss of motivation and

interestDifficulty concentratingInterferes with learning process

TERM 40

Amotivational syndrome

DEFINITION 40

not interested in previous interests

Stimulants

AddictiveGeneral symptoms Increase in heart rate "" in blood pressure :: in adrenaline (sympathetic nervous response) User is more alert Some cases not hungry Little bit euphoric Sense of increased mental power (confidence) Some drugs give sense of increased physical power TERM 47

Synthetic stimulants

DEFINITION 47

BenzedineDexadrineMethamphetamines

TERM 48

Benzedine

DEFINITION 48

diet, athletics, depression, stay awake

TERM 49

Dexadrine

DEFINITION 49

diet, athletics, depression, stay awake

TERM 50

Methamphetamine

DEFINITION 50

Different group of peopleStrung out for days at a time

Meth - multiply general systems by a lotCan try once and be physically

addicted

Natural Stimulants

Caffeine, cocaine

TERM 52

Caffeine

DEFINITION 52

Mild stimulantDilate bronchial tree, thin blood a touchCaffenism:

person who drinks 4+ cups a day

When stop: lethargic, irritable,

headaches, shaky

TERM 53

Cocaine

DEFINITION 53

(Crack)Cheap and easyPlant (coca)Eventually converted to a plantBecoming purerTo keep user hookedGeneral symptoms amped upAbsolutely physically addictingAnestheticHarsh withdrawal Crack was huge in the 80s'drive thrus'Cocaine paste/powder combined w/baking soda (rock) Extremely physically addictive Hits brain in 10 secondsReinforcingMeth took its placeGang violence accompanied TERM 54

Club drugs

DEFINITION 54

MDMA, Rohypnol, GHB, Ketamine

TERM 55

MDMA

DEFINITION 55

(ecstasy, Ex, Adam, X)Mildly hallucinogenic and

amphetamineCan raise body temperature dangerously

Classic ad techniques

Bandwagons: choosy mothers choose Jif, everyone does it and so

should soTestimonies: I did this, it worked! Positive changesDown

Home approach: Grandparents, common faces one is comfortable

with (Cosby)Authority figure: lab coat, 'doctors' (read the fine

print)

Each works in own ways

TERM 62

FDA

Regulations

DEFINITION 62

GRAS, GRAE, vitamins/minerals

TERM 63

GRAS

DEFINITION 63

Generally recognized as safe

TERM 64

GRAE

DEFINITION 64

generally recognized as effective

TERM 65

Labels

DEFINITION 65

Statement of identity as product (Advil)Quantity of content

insideActive ingredient (ibuprofen in Advil)Name and address of

manufacturerDirections for safe use including what is 1 dose,

dosage per day, # of days in a row can take, side effects, other

warnings, expiration date

Hidden dangers of OTC's

Overdose: 'more is better' mindset, aspirin is quite common (Stigma has led to being taken off the market)Interactions: OTC may interact w/prescrips Antidepressants = picky on cough meds Cancellation: OTC may cancel out another med Some cold meds cancel blood pressure meds Alcohol: not good w/any meds (especially acetaminophen) TERM 67

Self Care Hints

DEFINITION 67

Red label and follow directionsNot miracle cure, handle

symptomsDo not use old meds (outdated)Store meds

properlyDon't be afraid to ask

TERM 68

Cancer

DEFINITION 68

An abnormal, uncontrolled growth of cells or tissue that can

lead to death if untreated, tumor

TERM 69

Tumor

DEFINITION 69

mass of tissue serving no physiological purpose

TERM 70

Malignant

DEFINITION 70

synonymous w/cancer, cells will invade surrounding healthy

tissuesClassified according to types of cells that cause them

Carcinomas:

Sarcomas:

Lymphomas:

Leukemia:

Metastasis

actual spreading of cancer cells

TERM 77

Most common cancer sites

DEFINITION 77

Pancreatic cancerOral cancerThyroid cancerLiver

cancerLeukemia

TERM 78

Leading causes of cancer

DEFINITION 78

TobaccoDiet/obesitySedentaryFamily historyOccupational

factorsViruses/bio agentsAlcoholEnvironmental

pollutionUltraviolet radiation

Lifestyle factors usually key

TERM 79

Common forms of cancer

DEFINITION 79

LungsColonBreastProstateSkin

TERM 80

Lung

DEFINITION 80

most common in US, approx. 160,000 deaths per year,

tobacco smoke and environmental carcinogens. Surgery to

remove (often)

Colon

linked to diet, genetic predisposition, most cases occur after

TERM 82

Breast

DEFINITION 82

Breast: 1 in 9 women develop, women over 50 w/high

fat/sedentary life, 'disease of civilization', genetic

predisposition

TERM 83

Prostate

DEFINITION 83

cancer commonly in men 65+, diet, lifestyle/genetic

predisposition

TERM 84

Skin

DEFINITION 84

most common is melanoma - spreads quickly, abdomen,

back, chest, lower legs,Melanoma 1, 2, & 3 -- 3 is most

dangerous

Ultraviolet rays

TERM 85

Ultraviolet rays

DEFINITION 85

come from sun, through ozone layer (which is depleting)

cause cancer because they are unfiltered

Cough

When to call a doctor: fever and a cough that brings up

yellow/green/bloody mucus from longs (7-10 days)Productive

cough: brings up mucusNonproductive cough: dry coughs that do

not bring up mucusHome treatment: water, tea, maybe cough

drops, elevate head, on cold treatments

TERM 92

Colds

DEFINITION 92

Runny nose, sneezing, red eyes, sore throat, dry cough,

headaches, body achesHome treatment: extra rest, fluids, aspirin

and ibuprofen, use humidifiers, gargle with warm water if streaks

of mucus on back of throat, throw away tissues, dab nose

w/petroleum jell if raw, do not take cold remedies, do not use nasal

decongestant, do not take antihistaminesNo cure! Treat

symptomsAvoid: wash hands, keep hands away from face, eat

well, don't smoke

TERM 93

Fever

DEFINITION 93

When to call a doctor: 103+ and does not come down after 12

hours, long-lasting (not short periods, 102-103 for 1 day, 101-

for 3 days, 100.4-101 for 4 daysHigh body temperatureTreatment:

water/fluids, take temperature, dress lightly, warm (not hot) bath,

eat light, watch for dehydration

TERM 94

Flu

DEFINITION 94

Viral illnessSymptoms worse and come fasterLasts up to 10

daysDangerous for infants/elderlyGet flu shot, no antibiotics

Treatment: stay home rest, fluids, take acetaminophen, do not smoke/let

others smoke around youAvoid: wash hands, keep hands away form

face, keep up resistance, flue shot

TERM 95

7 myths about flu

DEFINITION 95

Get flu from flu shotAfter December too late for shotOnly

high risks should get shotEating pork will give you swine flu

shot fix allHaving flu once means its overAvoiding sick

people means you won't get it

Meningitis

Inflammation of brain and spinal cord, flu-like

appearance

Fever w/bad headache, stiff neck,

vomiting

Trouble staying awake, confusion,

seizures

Rash

TERM 97

Hepatitis

DEFINITION 97

Most common is A and B

TERM 98

A

symptoms

DEFINITION 98

fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine,

jaundice

May last 3 weeks to 6 months

TERM 99

B Symptoms

DEFINITION 99

loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fever, fatigue, abdominal pain,

jaundice

Infection asymptomatic for life

Can develop chronic infections

TERM 100

Work closely with doctor

DEFINITION 100

Use doctor as teacher or coach Tell your doctor you care about cost Prepare for every doctor visit Take an active role in every visit/call .