Download HDFS 318 exam 1Questions with 100% correct answers!! and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
HDFS 318 exam 1Questions with 100%
correct answers!!
Four fundamental needs - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Close, caring relationships
- Health and safety
- Strong connection between family and childcare
- Knowledgeable and responsive caregivers
Ecological systems theory - CORRECT ANSWER -also called development in
context or human ecology theory, identifies five environmental systems with which an individual interacts. ... Ecological systems theory was developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner.
microsystem - CORRECT ANSWER -Ecological systems theory
family religious system classroom peers
exyosystem - CORRECT ANSWER -Ecological systems theory
school community mass media health agencies
macrosystem - CORRECT ANSWER -Ecological systems theory
economics society culture political systems nationality
sociocultural theory - CORRECT ANSWER -is an emerging theory in psychology
that looks at the important contributions that society makes to individual development. This theory stresses the INTERACTION between developing people and the culture in which they live. This theory suggests that human learning is largely a social process
Brain development theory - CORRECT ANSWER -developmental theories of
Erikson, Piaget, Vygotsky, and Gardner. growth and development are important parts of teaching young children.
sensorymotor stage - CORRECT ANSWER -birth - 2
understanding object prominence exploration of all things
object prominence - CORRECT ANSWER -an object continues to exist even
when it moves beyond their field of vision.
preoperational stage - CORRECT ANSWER -2-
egocentric thinking
egocentric - CORRECT ANSWER -only thinking from their own point of view
concrete operational - CORRECT ANSWER -7-
still only the exceptional child who can solve problems with multiple variables by breaking them down systematically.
formal operational - CORRECT ANSWER -12-up
logical and abstract thinking
Magda Gerber's "10 principles of care giving" - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Involve
children in activities and things that concern them
- Invest in quality time with each child
- Learn the unique ways each child communicates with you and teach him or her the ways you communicate
- Invest the time and energy necessary with each child to build a total person
- Respect infants and toddlers as worthy people
- Model specific behaviors before you teach them
- Always be honest with the children about your feelings
- View problems as learning opportunities and allow children to solve their own problems where possible
- Build security with children by teaching trust
- Be concerned about the quality of development each child has at each stage
quality of caregiving - CORRECT ANSWER -Approximately 50% of infants birth
to two years are in nonparental care About half of these children are cared for by relatives The older children get, the more likely they are to be cared for Quality in early care and education: NAEYC Promote positive relationships for all children and adults Implement a curriculum that fosters all areas of child development POWERPOINT ONLINE The environment Group size Educated caregivers
In general, what we attend to matters because it alters the course of development for children—positively or negatively
approval - CORRECT ANSWER -The best type of attention is ______________
Show respect for the child by allowing children time to complete tasks and help them make choices. Reggio Emilia's concept of rights of children reflects a child who is rich in resources, strong, and confident. Genuine approval serves as encouragement.
Attunement - CORRECT ANSWER -Being aware and responsive, "in tune."
Being attuned is not instinctual for all persons. Includes observing and recording child behavior. Reading and responding to children's cues creates an "interactional dance."
Intersubjectivity - CORRECT ANSWER -- aware of shared experience with
others
Social referencing - CORRECT ANSWER -looks to others for information on
safety
Emotional display rules - CORRECT ANSWER -- watches others to learn how to
communicate genuinely and effectively
Recommended group sizes: - CORRECT ANSWER -young infants groups
should not exceed 6 mobile infant groups should not exceed 9 toddler groups should not exceed 12.
what group sizes should be - CORRECT ANSWER -Age Ratio Total Sq. Feet
mixed age group size - CORRECT ANSWER -Age Ratio Group Size Sq. Feet
- Of the four infants assigned to a caregiver, only two should be under 24 months of age.
Continuity of Care - CORRECT ANSWER -With continuity of care, the child stays
with the same caregiver and peer group for the first three years or the full time the child is enrolled in the program. Continuity allows children to experience a stable, long-term relationship not only with their caregiver but also with each other.
Responsive, Reciprocal Relationships with Young Children - CORRECT
ANSWER -Someone who is competent for her or his age and stage
Someone who looks to the adult for nurturance and guidance Someone with whom to share meaning Someone who is capable of cooperating in a relationship with an adult and who thrives when given the opportunity to do so Responsive, Reciprocal Relationships
with Young Children - CORRECT ANSWER -The adult focuses on:
Dialogue that fosters sharing attention with the child Dialogue that is not intrusive or demanding, but gives the child time and space to solve problems Dialogue that engages the child in learning and meaning making Dialogue that communicates respect
Inserimento - CORRECT ANSWER -The strategy for building relationships and
community among adults and children when the child is first entering an infant-toddler center Individualized for each family Parent interviews and home visits Parent-teacher meetings Documentation Large or small group discussions with families Daily communication Reggio Emilia Approach to Infant-Toddler Education
What is Socialization & Guidance? - CORRECT ANSWER -Sharing rules for
living through example, demonstration, explanation, and focusing attention Shapes behaviors with love, respect Reinforce desired behavior Is like gardening...
Discipline - CORRECT ANSWER -Helping infants and toddlers learn to be
socially competent with peers and other adults Teaching appropriate behavior and setting limits on inappropriate behavior Our personal experiences have shaped our beliefs about discipline.
Not showing preference for caregiver Not making eye contact Whining Being overly compliant or avoidant with the caregiver Diminished efforts to use communications skills that have previously been used
Labeling Expressed Emotions - CORRECT ANSWER -Emotional talk labels
feeling states Teachers model and mirror feeling states Caregivers accept emotions and the need to express them as normal Good caregiving in emotion-centered
Teaching Emotional Regulation - CORRECT ANSWER -Use the 3 As to develop
self-soothing Appropriate words of encouragement help children of all ages. Encourage positive self-talk Scaffolding or building sets of ideas and demonstrating how to use them can be used to promote positive self-talk.
Perspective-taking - CORRECT ANSWER -Leads to successful, positive
relationships Helping children to explain how others feel
Setting Limits - CORRECT ANSWER -Specific, positive language
Selective use of "no"
Establishing consequences - CORRECT ANSWER -Natural and logical
consequences are most effective
Providing Choices - CORRECT ANSWER -Balance too many with too few
Redirecting actions - CORRECT ANSWER -Divert and distract
Provide substitute activity
Solving Problems - CORRECT ANSWER -Learning to reframe the issue helps
toddlers feel more powerful and in control of outcomes Involve families in problem solving
Nurturing - CORRECT ANSWER -Children learn best when loved & supported
guiding - CORRECT ANSWER -Teaching how to act, manage feelings, learn
responsibility, solve problems
Correcting - CORRECT ANSWER -Responses to misbehavior that help learn
how to behave better in the future
criteria for discipline - CORRECT ANSWER -Does it help children feel a sense of
connection? Is it respectful and encouraging? Is it effective long-term? Does it teach important life skills?
negative discipline - CORRECT ANSWER -abuse
positive discipline - CORRECT ANSWER -Being a good example by staying
calm and in control of feelings Reduce need to say "no" with reasonable planning & childproofing Learn what behavior is realistic for child's stage of development Give child words to tell how they feel and how to work out conflicts
