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Green practice Sustainable Development, Study notes of Ethics

Babu Banarasi Das UniversityEthics

Green practices mean the practice of creating structures and using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource efficient throughout the lifecycle of development, including buildings from setting to design constructions operations maintenance renovation and destruction

Typology: Study notes

2019/2020

Uploaded on 12/13/2021

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1. GREEN PRACTICE
Green practices mean the practice of creating structures and using processes that are
environmentally responsible and resource efficient throughout the lifecycle of development,
including buildings from setting to design constructions operations maintenance renovation and
destruction
Green practice includes
1. Sustainable purchasing
2. Electronics stewardship
3. Transportation
4. Pollinator Protection
5. Waste diversion
6. Pollution prevention
1. Stainable purchasing
- electronics pose environment challenges because of hazardous constituents
- recycle use of batteries and toner cartridges
- recycle techno trash- small electronic items and computer accessories
2. Transportation
- toxic gases gets into air
- alternative fuel vehicles (AFV) can be used
- examples of AFV includes:
o Zero emission vehicles
o Plug in hybrid electrical vehicles
o Ethanol fueled vehicles
o Low greenhouse gas emitting vehicles
- Petrol/Diesel vehicle should be allowed in alternate days
3. Pollinator protection:
- pollinators play a key role in agriculture since the majority of native plants require pollination by
bees or other pollinating animals
- over the past several years the population of important pollinators has declined internationally
- we can grow flowers that produce nectar for the attraction of pollinators
- site based assessment can be done to review landscaping practices and identify observed pollinator
species
- pollinators can be protected easily:
1. think locally: incorporate native species of flower flowering plants suitable for local
climate and region to attract and benefit local pollinators
2. Cut down on cutting: reduce moving and allow flowering ground cover to remain in the
lawn as forage for pollinators
3. Leave these for the bees: leave plant stalks and other organic materials in place during fall
garden maintenance; wait to conduct outdoor spring cleanup until after pollinators appear
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1. GREEN PRACTICE

Green practices mean the practice of creating structures and using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource efficient throughout the lifecycle of development, including buildings from setting to design constructions operations maintenance renovation and destruction Green practice includes

  1. Sustainable purchasing
  2. Electronics stewardship
  3. Transportation
  4. Pollinator Protection
  5. Waste diversion
  6. Pollution prevention 1. Stainable purchasing
  • electronics pose environment challenges because of hazardous constituents
  • recycle use of batteries and toner cartridges
  • recycle techno trash- small electronic items and computer accessories 2. Transportation
  • toxic gases gets into air
  • alternative fuel vehicles (AFV) can be used
  • examples of AFV includes: o Zero emission vehicles o Plug in hybrid electrical vehicles o Ethanol fueled vehicles o Low greenhouse gas emitting vehicles
  • Petrol/Diesel vehicle should be allowed in alternate days 3. Pollinator protection:
  • pollinators play a key role in agriculture since the majority of native plants require pollination by bees or other pollinating animals
  • over the past several years the population of important pollinators has declined internationally
  • we can grow flowers that produce nectar for the attraction of pollinators
  • site based assessment can be done to review landscaping practices and identify observed pollinator species
  • pollinators can be protected easily: 1. think locally: incorporate native species of flower flowering plants suitable for local climate and region to attract and benefit local pollinators 2. Cut down on cutting : reduce moving and allow flowering ground cover to remain in the lawn as forage for pollinators 3. Leave these for the bees: leave plant stalks and other organic materials in place during fall garden maintenance; wait to conduct outdoor spring cleanup until after pollinators appear

4. Waste diversion:

  • waste diversion reduces disposal costs and the burden on landfills
  • minimize solid waste generation through source reduction, cycling, reuse or compositing
  • compost on site and use that material in landscaping
  • encourage employees to use electronic version of files in lieu of printed copies
  • link double sided whenever a hard copy is necessary and reuse single sided printouts as draft paper
  • recycle construction and demolition debris with every project 5. Pollution prevention:
  • goal is to protect human health and the environment
  • Incorporating integrated pest management (IPM), hardscape management and landscape management best practices where applicable to reduce or eliminate the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals
  • Reducing or eliminating hazardous chemicals used in research where feasible and developing chemical inventories and chemical reuse and recycling programs where appropriate
  • Requiring reporting facilities to inventory ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), refrigerants and other chemicals
  • Developing ODS management plans, which includes phasing out applicable ODSs Examples of Green Practices:
  • Green roofs-A green roof is a layer of vegetation planted over a waterproofing system that is installed on top of a flat or slightly–sloped roof
  • Transportation emissions reduction
  • Solar power
  • Low power POS
  • Recycling programs
  • Selling green products
  • Carbon footprint labeling
  • Building ecofriendly new stores- glasses are used so that we can use sunlight as a source of light hence reduces the electricity consumption, clays are used so that use of A/C can be reduced Advantages of Green Practices:
  • 3 major categories: ▪ Economic benefits ▪ Health Benefits ▪ Environmental Benefits
  • When we strive for green living, then we would significantly reduce the impact off extreme temperature end climate changes that could be brought about by global warming
  • By going green, we build a healthier environment for all living creatures, both current and future generations

2. ETHICS TO HANDLE VUCA ENVIRONMENT

▪ What is VUCA? ▪ What is Agility? ▪ Turn VUCA to your advantage ▪ Leadership in VUCA world

Ethics to handle VUCA Environment V: Volatility Ethics to handle it ❖ Adaptive in decision making ❖ Clear vision, short and long term. ❖ Communicate clearly. ❖ Determine intent. U: Uncertainty Ethics to handle it ❖ Flexibility to cope with doubt. ❖ Build commitment. ❖ Develop new perspective. ❖ risk-management ideologies. C: Complexity Ethics to handle this: ❖ Understand links between cause and effect. ❖ Simplify process. ❖ Recognize nothing is permanent. A: Ambiguity Ethics to handle this: ❖ Communicate directly and clearly. ❖ Seek out alternative views. ❖ Listen to divergent ideas. Turn VUCA to your advantage using these four steps...

  1. Counter volatility with vision. Create a compelling vision and values for your people. This will give them a clear focus and help them to react quickly to change.
  2. Meet uncertainty with understanding. What are your competitors doing? What's new in your industry? When you're "in the know" you'll be able to anticipate threats and take advantage of new opportunities.
  3. React to complexity with clarity. Be crystal clear when you communicate, and promote teamwork and collaboration. This will give people a clear direction, and encourage them to solve complex problems together.
  4. Fight ambiguity with agility. Stay adaptable, even during uncertain times. Encourage people to learn new skills, stimulate debate, and embrace creativity. What is agility? What is agile mean? o Agile people are best suited for VUCA world o These people are more flexible, adaptable, and love new experiences and opportunities. They are quick to learn and value new ideas o Dr. Smith identified 9 behaviors that contribute to learning agility
  • Flexibility : Open to new experiences and adaptable to new processes
  • Speed : Quick in learning new ideas or methods
  • Experimenting : Open to try out new methods
  • Performance Risk Taking: Enjoys Challenges
  • Interpersonal Risk Taking: Unafraid to ask for assistance when needed
  • Collaborating: Work well with others and delegates task to those with proper skills
  • Info. Gathering: Always looking to learn and grow
  • Feedback Seeking: Request feedbacks in order to improve
  • Reflecting: Reflect on their work to understand effectiveness and identify ways to improve. Leadership in VUCA world:

3. IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABILITY AND SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS PRACTICES

**- What is sustainability?

  • Importance of Sustainability
  • Sustainable Practices What is sustainability?**
  • Sustainability means meeting our own needs or ability to exist and develop without compromising (or depleting the natural resources for the future) the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
  • A sustainable society must be socially responsible, focusing on Environmental Protection and dynamic equilibrium b/w human and natural systems
  • sustainable practices are the processes services employed to maintain the qualities that are valued in the physical environment
  • living sustainability is about living within the means of natural systems bracket (environment) and ensuring that our lifestyle doesn’t harm other people (society and culture) How does sustainability affect business?
    • The triple bottom line approach to operating a company is useful for business in a number of ways. The triple bottom line is a business concept that posits firms should commit to measuring their social and environmental impact. It can be broken down into “three Ps”: profit, people, and the planet. o Profit- In a capitalist economy, a firm’s success most heavily depends on its financial performance, or the profit it generates for shareholders. o People- The second component of the triple bottom line highlights a business’s societal impact, or its commitment to people. o Planet- The final component of the triple bottom line is concerned with making a positive impact on the planet.
    • Not only is it ethical and important to meet human standards of environmental sustainability, it is also economical and allows a stronger business model. Additionally,

3 Pillars of sustainability

  1. The Environmental Pillar: (Environmental Protection)
    1. Companies are focusing on reducing their carbon footprints, packaging waste, water usage and their overall effect on the environment.
    2. Companies have found that have a beneficial impact on the planet can also have a positive financial impact
    3. Example: Walmart keyed in on packaging through their zero-waste initiative, pushing for less packaging through their supply chain and for more of that packaging to be sourced from recycled or reused materials 2. The Social Pillar: (Social Development)
    4. A sustainable business should have the support and approval of its employees, stakeholders and the community it operates in.
    5. Treating employees fairly and being a good neighbor and community member, both locally and globally.
    6. On the employee side , businesses refocus on retention and engagement strategies, including more responsive benefits such as better maternity and paternity benefits, flexible scheduling, and learning and development opportunities.
    7. On a global social scale , a business needs to be aware of how its supply chain is being filled. Is child labor going into your end product? Are people being paid fairly? Is the work environment safe? 3. Economic – also known open formally as graphics, planet, and people
    8. To be economically sustainable, a business must be profitable and produce enough revenues to be continued into the future
    9. Activities that fit under the economic pillar include compliance, proper governance and risk management
    10. It is the inclusion of the economic pillar and profit that makes it possible for corporations to come on board with sustainability strategies
    11. The economic pillar provides a counterweight to extreme measures that corporations are sometimes pushed to adopt, such as abandoning fossil fuels or chemical fertilizers instantly rather than phasing in changes

Primary goals of Sustainability

  1. The end of poverty and hunger
  2. Better standards of education and health care - particularly as it pertains to water quality and better sanitation
  3. To achieve gender equality
  4. Sustainable economic growth by promoting jobs and stronger economies
  5. All of the above and more by tackling the effects of climate change, pollution and other environmental factors that can harm and do harm people’s health, livelihood and lives
  6. Sustainability to include health of the land, air and sea
  7. Finally, it acknowledged the concept of nature having certain rights- that people have stable ship of the world and the importance of putting people at the forefront of solving the other global issues through management of the environment and of consumption Sustainable Business Practices 1. Sustainable business practices are characterized by environmentally friendly practices initiated by a company for the purpose of becoming a more sustainable organization 2. These companies aim to reduce their environmental footprint through initiatives that cut down on waste, poor environmental stewardship and unethical environmental practices that offer a reduced level of sustainability within company practices 3. Sustainable business practices differ among industries and are often specific to the company type and the product or service it producers **Practices:
  8. Be intentional about sustainability**
  1. Things like, power down equipment at the end of the day and enable energy savings settings on all computers and desktops, are examples of policies that can support the cause.

4. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)

  1. Also known as a. Corporate citizenship b. Corporate responsibility c. Responsible business 2. It is a self-regulating business model that helps a community be socially accountable – do it self, stakeholders, and the public 3. By practicing corporate social responsibilities company can be conscious of the kind of impact they’re having on all aspects of society, including economic, social and environmental Why CSR? a. consumers and investors: growing expectation for organizations to behave responsibly b. consumer awareness: green and ethical consumerism c. legislation: H&S, EPA, sustainability, codes of practice d. globalization: adoption of best practice, consumer and legal acceptance Business advantages for CSR:
    1. better brand recognition
    2. Risk Management
    3. Encourage professional and personal growth
    4. Build brand loyalty
    5. positive business reputation
    6. increased sales and customer loyalty
    7. operational costs savings
    8. better financial performance
    9. greater ability to attract talent and retain staff
    10. organizational growth
    11. easier access to capital
    12. access finance - investors are more likely to back a reputable business
    13. attract positive media attention – e.g. when taking part in community activities
    14. reduce regulatory burden - good relationships with local authorities can often make doing business easier
    15. identify new business opportunities – e.g. for the development of new products or services Components of CSR: 1. Economic Responsibility
    16. Part of being socially responsible is remaining profitable
    17. It is socially responsible for the company to thrive and meet its revenue goals.
  1. Businesses need to work to reduce expenses and costs so they can maximize their profits.
  2. Businesses maintain profitability and minimize expenses by keeping the broader community in mind and not taking any actions to harm it.
  3. This means ethical sourcing of products, using sustainable business practices, treating employees and customers fairly, and taking responsibility for business actions. 2. Legal Responsibility
  4. From a legal perspective, it’s critical for businesses to follow the letter of the law
  5. In addition to being aware of local, federal and international laws, companies also need to understand the rules of regulatory bodies for their industries.
  6. All businesses have a legal responsibility to do so.
  7. For example , if a small business sells toys for children, it needs to ensure that the products meet all safety regulations specified by the regulatory bodies. In addition, it needs to check that any international manufacturers used appropriate materials, since businesses in other countries may have different rules and regulations. 3. Ethical Responsibility
  8. Ethical actions define the core values of a business.
  9. Instead of merely abiding by the law, a business that focuses on corporate social responsibility needs to go above and beyond that and make choices based on what is right, not just what is legal.
  10. For example , if a business pays its employees minimum wage, that action follows a legal directive. However, if an employer chooses to pay its employees more than minimum wage in the belief that the employees do important work and deserve to be compensated accordingly, that is making a socially responsible decision. In addition to the compensation, employers can offer paid vacation, education and training perks and health coverage to improve the lives of their employees. 4. Philanthropic (Discretional) Responsibility
  11. Companies take actions that improve the society around them, such as donating money or products and volunteering time.
  12. By helping those in need, businesses make a positive difference in the lives of people in their communities.
  13. For example , a bakery could send leftover bread at the end of the day to a nearby food bank, or a hairdresser can offer free haircuts to homeless people in the community. These philanthropic actions help the businesses to remain accountable and show employees and customers the true values of their businesses.
  1. Considers whether development progress is sufficiently widespread for the majority of people to benefit
  2. This may be related to gender, sex, age, race, ethnicity, political orientation and other related factors
  3. Occurs when average achievements on income and non-income dimensions of well-being improve and inequalities in these achievements fall
  4. creates employment opportunities and helps in reducing poverty
  5. provides access to essential services in health and education by the poor
  6. includes providing equality of opportunity, empowering people through education and skill development
  7. encompasses a growth process that is environment friendly growth, aims for good governance and helps in creation of agenda sensitive society
  8. as per OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) organization of Economic Cooperation and development closest growth is economic growth that is distributed fairly across society and creates opportunities for all **Elements of inclusive growth:
  9. Skill development 1.** India is facing a dual challenge in skill development: i. First, there is a paucity of highly trained workforce ii. Second, there is no unemployment of conventionally trained youths 2. Financial inclusion 1. Financial inclusion is the process of ensuring access to financial services to vulnerable groups at affordable cost 2. Financial inclusion is necessary for inclusive growth as it leads to the culture of saving, which initiates a virtuous cycle of economic development 3. Technological advancement
  10. Technological advancements have capabilities to both decrease or increase the inequality depending on the way these are being used
  11. Several initiatives have been taken by the government, Example: digital Indian mission
  12. Technology can help to combat other challenges too, Example: i. Agriculture ii. Manufacturing iii. Education iv. Health v. Governance 4. Economic Growth
  13. Indian economy is facing slowdown due to both cycle and structural challenges
  1. However, the target of becoming a $5 trillion economy by 2024-25 can allow India to reduce inequality, increase social expenditure and provide employment to all 5. Social development 1. It means the environment of all marginalized sections of the population like SC/ST/OBC/minorities, woman and transgenders 2. Employment can be done by improving institutions of the social structure i.e hospital especially primary care the rural areas, schools, universities, etc 3. Investment in social structures will not only boost growth but will also create a healthy and capable generation to handle future work What is the inclusive development index (IDI)? It is an annual economic index introduced by the World Economic Forum (WEF) How does IDI rank country’s economic performance?
  2. A country’s rank on inclusive development index is based on three major factors each of these factors is made of 4 different indicators, totaling up to 12 different indicators
  3. India was ranked at the 62nd^ place among emerging economies on an inclusive development index, much below China’s 26th^ position and Pakistan’s 47th^ according to the World Economic Forum How do you promote inclusive growth?
  4. Early childhood development
  5. Conditional cash transfer program
  6. Universal access to good quality education
  7. Universal health care
  8. Enhanced infrastructure to connect lagging and poor regions