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GPS Safety Summary
GPS Safety Summary 1/
Substance Name :
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
1. General Statement
Sodium hydroxide (or Caustic Soda) is a strong base soluble in water produced by the electrolysis of salt brine.
It is available on a wide industrial scale both in liquid (slightly viscous, clear, odorless and colorless liquid) or solid (white odorless pearls or micro-pearls) form.
2. Chemical Identity
Name: Sodium Hydroxide
Brand names: Sodium Hydroxide, Caustic soda
Chemical name (IUPAC): Sodium Hydroxide
CAS number(s): 1310-73-
ES number: 215-185-
Molecular formula: NaOH
Structure:
3. Use and applications
Caustic Soda is a strongly alkaline product used as a chemical reactant, neutralization agent, ion exchanger, regenerating agent or cleaning agent in various industries such as pulp and paper, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, soap and detergent manufacturing, metal or water treatment, environmental protection and foodstuffs.
4. Physical / Chemical properties
Sodium hydroxide is available as a solid but also as a solution in water. It is a strong alkaline substance that dissociates completely in water into the sodium ion (Na+) and hydroxyl ion (OH-). The dissolution/dissociation in water is strongly exothermic, so a vigorous reaction occurs when NaOH is added to water.
Property Value
Form Solid hygroscopic Physical state (Liquid/solid/gaseous)
Solid at 20°C at 1013 hPa
GPS Safety Summary 2/
Color White Odor No specific odor Density 2.13 kg/m3 at 20°C Melting / boiling point Melting point: 323°C at 1013 hPa Boiling point: 1388°C at 1013 hPa Flammability (optional) Not flammable Explosive properties Not explosive Self-ignition temperature No relative self-ignition temperature Oxidizing properties Not oxidizing according to regulatory criteria Vapor pressure Not available Mol weight 40.0 g/mol Water solubility Completely soluble in water Flash point No flash point Octanol-water partition coefficient (LogKow) Not applicable (the substance is hydrolytically unstable)
5. Health Effects
Solid sodium hydroxide is highly corrosive. It reacts with greases and fats which can lead to irreversible damage to any contact point with the body (for example skin or eyes). Depending on the concentration, solutions of sodium hydroxide in water are corrosive, irritating or non- irritating and they cause direct local effects at the contact point with the body.
Effect Assessment Result
Acute Toxicity Oral / inhalation / dermal
Because of the corrosive properties of the substance, a high uptake via the mouth can be fatal. When a very large part of the skin is exposed to sodium hydroxide, it can also result in death. No reliable studies are available. Irritation / corrosion Skin / eye/ respiratory tract
Very corrosive to skin. Corrosive to the eyes Inhalation of mists and aerosols is corrosive to the respiratory system. Sensitisation Based on the available test data, not expected to cause allergic skin reaction. Toxicity after repeated exposure Oral / inhalation / dermal
No reliable studies are available. The substance is not expected to be systemically available in the body under normal handling and use conditions when exposure is limited and therefore systemic effects of NaOH after repeated exposure are not expected to occur. Genotoxicity / Mutagenicity Based on the available test data, not expected to cause adverse genetic effects. Carcinogenicity Based on the available test data, not expected to cause cancer. Toxicity for reproduction Based on the available test data, does not cause adverse effects on reproduction or on the development of offspring.
GPS Safety Summary 4/
The exposure assessment for the aquatic environment will only deal with the possible pH changes in STP effluent and surface water related to the OH- discharges at the local scale.
Based on the risk assessment, the use of sodium hydroxide is safe under conditions recommended in the extended safety data sheet (Chapter 8 and exposure scenario).
8. Risk Management recommendations
Human health measures
Organizational A basic standard of occupational hygiene is recommended. Ensure operatives are well informed of the hazards and trained to minimise exposures. Ensure regular inspection and maintenance of equipments and machines. Handle and store according to the indications of the Safety Data Sheet. Eye/Face protection: Safety glasses/goggle and face mask Skin protection: At the workplace: safety shoes, combination with delayed penetration Intervention at incident: boots, overalls with hood, multi layered polyethylene. Hand protection: Splash contact, intermittent and prolonged PVC or other plastic material gloves. Glove thickness: 1.2 mm
Protection
Respiratory protection: In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment (filter type P2).
Engineering controls Provide appropriate local exhaust ventilation at points of emission. Minimize manual phases. Avoid frequent and direct contact with substance. Should be handled in well ventilated areas. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are close to workstation locations. Provide water supplies near the point of use. Ensure that self-contained breathing apparatus are located nearby.
Environment protective measures
Product must not be released into water without pre-treatment. Prevent discharge of undissolved substance or recover it from onsite wastewater.
9. Regulatory Information / Classification and Labelling
9.1 Regulatory Information
This substance is currently assessed or has been registered under: EU Regulation EC 1907/2006 (REACH)
EU Regulation EC 793/93 (European Priority Lists and Risk Assessment)
GPS Safety Summary 5/
9.2 Classification and labelling
Under GHS substances are classified according to their physical, health, and environmental hazards. The hazards are communicated via specific labels and the eSDS. GHS attempts to standardize hazard communication so that the intended audience (workers, consumers, transport workers, and emergency responders) can better understand the hazards of the chemicals in use. Substances registered for REACH are classified according CLP (EC) 1272/2008, implementation of the GHS in the European Union.
Classification
According to REGULATION (EC) no 1272/2008: Corrosive to metals; Category 1; May be corrosive to metals Skin corrosion: Category 1A; Causes severe burns and eye damage Serious eye damage: Category 1; Cause serious eye damage
Signal Word
Danger
Pictogram
GHS05: Corrosion
Hazard statement
H290: May be corrosive to metals
H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
10. Contact Information within Company
For further information on this substance or product safety summary in general, please
contact:
ICCA portal where the GPS Safety Summary is posted: http://www.icca-chem.org/en/Home/ICCA-initiatives/global-product-strategy/
11. Date of Issues / Revision
Date of issue: 10/02/
Date of revision:
12. Disclaimer
The information contained in this paper is intended as advice only and whilst the information is provided in utmost good faith and has been based on the best information currently available, is to be relied upon at the user’s own risk.
NO WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, OR ANY OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, IS MADE CONCERNING THE INFORMATION PROVIDED HEREIN.
No liability will be accepted by ARKEMA for damages of any nature whatsoever resulting from the use of or reliance on the information.
