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A comprehensive glossary of terms commonly used in orthodontics, focusing on dental assisting. It defines key concepts, procedures, and equipment used in orthodontic treatment, offering a valuable resource for students and professionals in the field. The glossary covers a wide range of topics, including arch wire, auxiliaries, bands, braces, brackets, cephalometric radiographs, cross-bite, crowding, dentofacial structures, distoclusion, ectopic eruption, fetal molding, headgear, ligature ties, occlusion, malocclusion, mesioclusion, open bite, orthodontics, overbite, overjet, positioner, retainer, separator, morphology, periodontal ligaments, arch length, and ovoid and tapered arch shapes.
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arch wire
contoured metal wire that provides force when teeth are guided in movement for orthodontics
auxilary
attachment located on a bracket or band to hold arch wire or elastic
band
stainless steel ring attached to molars to hold the arch wire and auxiliaries
braces
fixed orthodontic appliances
bracket
small device bonded to teeth to hold the arch wire in place
cephalometric radiograph
extra-oral radiograph of bones and tissues of the head
cross-bite
condition that occurs when a tooth is not properly aligned with its opposing tooth
crowding
fetal molding
pressure applied to the jaw causing a distortion
headgear
external orthodontic appliance used to control growth and tooth movement
ligature tie
light wire or elastic used to hold the arch wire in its bracket (pink in picture)
occlusion
describes any contact between the chewing surfaces of the upper and lower teeth
malocclusion
any deviation from the normal positioning of the upper teeth against the lower teeth
mesioclusion
class III (3) malocclusion
open bite
lack of vertical overlap of maxillary incisors, creating an opening in the anterior teeth
orthodontics
Specialty of dentistry designed to prevent, intercept, and correct skeletal and dental problems
separator
device made from wire or elastic and used to separate molars before fitting and placement of orthodontic bands
morphology
the study of form and structure (of teeth)
periodontal ligaments
commonly abbreviated as the PDL, is a group of specialized connective tissue fibers that essentially attach a tooth to the alveolar bone within which it sits.
arch length
the distance from the distal point of the most posterior tooth on one side of the upper or lower jaw to the same point on the other side, usually measured through the points of contact between adjoining teeth.
ovoid
u-shaped, preferred shape of arch
tapered arch
v-shaped, narrow faces
