Download Global Inequality and Race: An Analysis of Global Stratification and Ethnicity - Prof. And and more Exams Introduction to Sociology in PDF only on Docsity!
Chapter 9 Global Stratification
Global Stratification – Units of countries categorized according to upper class, middle class and lower class. Measures of well being revel consequences of a global system of Inequality Life expectancy Infant mortality Access to health services The manufacturing of toys and clothing are examples of the global stratification that links United States and other parts of the world.
Global Network of Power and Influence
Global Stratification involves nations in a large and integrated network of both economic and political relationship. Power: the ability of a country to control other countries. Core Countries - Have the most power in the economic world. 1st^ world o Ex. Europe o The United States o Australia o Japan Semi peripheral Countries : Represent a kind of Middle Class. 2nd^ World. o Spain o Turkey o Mexico They play a middle class role, extracting profits from the poor countries and passing those profits on to the core countries. Peripheral Countries - These are the poor largely agricultural Countries of the poor largely agricultural countries of the world. 3 rd^ world
Even though they are poor, they often have important natural resources that exploited by the core countries. Exploitation keeps them from developing and perpetrates their poverty. Politically unstable and exercise little world power. Another way to Label such countries are First World Countries - AKA CORE COUNTRIES UPPER CLASS Industrialized capitalist; democracy. o Ex. Russia, Japan, and United States Second world Countries - Aka semi peripheral countries middle class o Socialist countries; state managed economy. Ex. Korea, France. Third World Countries - Aka lower class peripheral countries o Poor under developed largely rural high level opportunity autocratic dictatorship.
Race and Global Inequality
o Along with class inequality, there is a racial component to world inequality The rich core countries: largely European expects U.S. and Japan. The poor Countries: are largely populated by people of color. Exploitation of the human and natural resources of regions populated by people of color has characterized the history of western imperialism and colonialism.
Modernization Theory –
To develop countries must embrace new technologies and market driven values. Poverty results from adherence to traditional values and customs that prevent competition in a modern global economy. Economic achievements is thought to derive from attitudes and values that emphasize hard work, saving efficiency and enterprise. Sees people as poor because they have poor work habits, engage in poor time management, do not save or take advantage of educational opportunities etc.
Ethnic groups is a social category of people who share a common culture language; religion etc. Greek/ Italian Polish/ Irish American. Race - social constructed a light-skinned (black person could be considered white).
o Presume biologically or culturally inferior characteristic
(as defined by powerful groups in society.
o It not just the biological characteristics alone that the
biological characteristic alone that define a racial group
but how group but how groups have been treated
historically and socially.
One Drop Rule – Having any black ancestry defined one as a black person.
o Ex. north Carolina and Tennessee law historically defined
a person black if he or she had one great parent was
black 1/
Myth – Race differences are fixed, biological categories.
Sociological perspective - race is a social concept one in which certain
physical or cultural.
Radicalization- a p rocess whereby some social category, such as social
class or nationality takes on what society perceives to racial
characteristics.
o Ex – Jews were presumed to be biologically inferior to the group Hitler and
Aryans white skinned, blonde, tall, blue eyed people.
This was then supported through Nazi law taught in Nazi school and
enforced by the Nazi Military (Jane Elliot).
Racial Formation - The process by which a group comes to be defined as a race.
This definition is then supported through social institutions (i.e. law schools) Slaves were counted as 3/5s of a person for the sake of property taxation strongly attacted to political and economic needs. Comparison of US Census Classification – see pg. 239 table 10. Myth - Minority groups are those with the least numerical representation in society.
Sociological Perspective A minority group and Dominant Group Dominant Group = o the group that assigns a racial or ethnic group to subordinate status in society o Minority Group = Group in society that shares distinct characteristics and is forced to occupy low status in society because of prejudice and discrimination. The dominate group is one that assigns a racial or ethnic group to subordinate status in society. A group may be classified as a minority on the basis of ethnicity, race, sexual preference, age, or class status. Suffers prejudice and discrimination by the dominate group. Ethnicity – An Ethic Group is a social category of people who share a common culture.
o For example- a common language or dialect; a common nationality; a common religion
and common norms, practices, customs, and history. Ethnic groups have a consciousness of their common cultural bond. Examples of Ethic groups in the United States include: o Italians Americans o Japanese Americans o Arab Americans o Polish Americans o Greek Americans o Mexican Americans o Irish Americans Membership is ascribed rather than achieved
Members feel a sense of group solidarity
Stereotypes
