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Some proteins called “complete” proteins contain all nine essential amino acids. Meat. Eggs. Soy. Dairy Products. LESSON 2 Nutrients. Glencoe Health Chapter 10 ...
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Lesson 2
BIG IDEA New Vocabulary carbohydrates proteins fiber vitamins Each nutrient in your diet plays a unique and essential role in keeping you healthy. minerals cholesterol osteoporosis
Nutrients perform specific roles in maintaining your body functions. Getting a proper balance of nutrients during the teen years can improve your health through adulthood.
Your body uses nutrients in many ways: As an energy source To heal, build, and repair tissue To transport oxygen to cells To regulate body functions To sustain growth
Each gram of carbohydrate or protein provides four calories Each gram of fat provides nine calories The energy in food comes from three sources: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Carefully choosing nutrients can prevent weight gain.
Main Idea
Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats provide your body with energy and help maintain your body. The body uses the nutrients to build, repair, and fuel itself.
Three types of carbohydrates are found in foods: Simple Complex Fiber
Simple carbohydrates are sugars Fructose is found in fruits. Lactose is found in milk.
Complex carbohydrates, or starches, are long chains of sugars linked together. Common sources include grains, grain products, such as bread and pasta, beans, and root vegetables such as potatoes.
fiber A tough, complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest. New Vocabulary
One carbohydrate, fiber, helps you feel full. It also moves waste through your digestive system.
Most carbohydrates are turned into a simple sugar called glucose. It is the main source of fuel for the body. Glucose can be stored in your body’s tissue and used later.
Although the body cannot digest fiber, it plays an important role in aiding digestion and reducing the risk of disease. Teen girls and boys should aim to eat the following amounts of fiber each day. Teen girls, ages 14 to 18: 26 grams of fiber daily Teen boys, ages 14 to 18: 38 grams of fiber daily
Your body uses about 20 amino acids that are found in food. You produce, or synthesize, all but nine of the amino acids.
Nine amino acids are called essential amino acids because the body must get them from food. The rest are known as nonessential amino acids.