Download Geriatrics Test EXAM 2025/2026 Accurate Real Exam Questions and Correct Answers and more Exams Medical Microbiology in PDF only on Docsity!
Geriatrics Test EXAM 2025 / 2026 Accurate Real
Exam Questions and Correct Answers
Ch. 1: Of the following conditions, which one is most common and most often preventable? A. Falls B. Frailty C. Cognitive impairment D. Iatrogenic disease E. Depression - answer>>>D Ch. 1: Which one of the following is most TRUE about aging changes? A. Stage 3 and 4 sleep decreases. B. Renal perfusion is not reduced, but renal function is reduced. C. Hearing acuity declines beginning in middle age. D. Prostatic enlargement occurs only in a minority of men. - answer>>>A Ch. 1: Which one of the following is most true about the rule of fourths? A. One fourth of geriatric problems are iatrogenic. B. Little can be done to prevent three fourths of the problems of aging. C. For every medical complaint a patient has, a careful assessment can identify three other diagnoses. D. What use to be called normal aging can be largely explained by processes that are not normal.
E. A good way to conduct a geriatric assessment is to use four categories: mental, physical, psycho-social, and environmental. - answer>>>D Ch. 1: An old woman who is care for by attentive, cautious, concerned family is particularly likely to suffer from which of the following complications after an episode of gastroenteritis? A. Immobility related to over-concern. B. Continued vomiting caused by too-rapid feeding. C. Diarrhea resulting from administration of milk products. D. Constipation related to over-treatment of diarrhea. - answer>>>A Ch. 1: Which one of the following is most TRUE about psychological aging? A. Disengagement tends to promote better psychological health than continued engagement. B. Having a spouse is the best way to be assured of having a caregiver when one becomes disabled. C. Ability to have quality of life is related to cognitive function. D. Planning for the future is a key element of successful aging. E. Many older people are ageist. - answer>>>E Ch. 29: What is the hallmark of frailty in an aged patient? A. The patient is unable to personally manage key activities of self-care. B. The patient's reserve to withstand physiologic stress is significantly reduced. C. The patient has long problem and medication lists. - answer>>>B
Ch. 29: Progress has been made in defining a valid concept of frailty. Pick the one true statement about current understanding of the frailty syndrome. A. Neither of the Fried nor Rockwood model is well suited to frailty research B. Neither the Fried nor Rockwood model has found wide acceptance in the clinical care. C. The Fried model takes into account cognitive decline, pain, and chronologic age. D. Regardless of the models used to characterize it, frailty is a syndrome that rarely improve even with carefully tailored interventions. - answer>>>. B Ch. 29: Which of these statements about frailty is (are) true? A. The concepts of frailty and disability are essentially synonymous. B. Identifying a patient as "frail" can help guide thinking about risks and benefits in choosing care paths. C. Neither of the two most prominent models of frailty includes age as a factor. D. Frailty is typically irreversible, and when identified, primarily serves to initiate discussions regarding comfort care. - answer>>>B and C Ch. 29: All of the following concepts underlie the notion of"frailty in old age" EXCEPT: A. Progressive decline in organism reserves to be able to withstand a variety of stresses. B. Multiple interdependent organ systems progressing toward over failure with age and/or disease C. A well defined geriatric syndrome with a validated set of agreed-upon specific clinical markers. D. Higher risk for major untoward events with medical interventions that are generally safe in younger patients. - answer>>>C
Ch. 4: The U.S Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the Center for Disease Control currently recommend that: A. All older adults be immunized against flu annually and that they receive at least one pneumococcal vaccination. B. All high-risk older adults should receive an additional pneumococcal vaccination 5 years or more after their first immunization. C. Older adults should receive a one-time re-vaccination for pneumonia if they were initially vaccinated more than 5 years previously and were less than 65 years of age at the time of the initial vaccination. D. All of the above - answer>>>D Ch. 4: Health care providers should recommend that older adults engage in: A. 150 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity weekly. B. 20 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity 3 days per week. C. 10 minutes of vigorous physical activity most days of the week. D. 30 minutes of vigorous physical activity 3 days per week. - answer>>>A Ch. 4: Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke recommend that aspirin be used in: A. All individuals whose risk is high enough for the benefits to outweigh the risks. B. All individuals regardless of risk level C. All males regardless of risk level. D. All females who are also taking anti-hypertensives. - answer>>>A Ch. 4: Even though older adults are less likely to get counseled for smoking cessation, they have which of the following?
c. Is best treated with beta-blockers d. Is best treated with diuretics - answer>>>D Ch. 36: Which class of medications is the best-studied and most recommended first-line medication for treating hypertension in older patients without other compelling medical indications? a. Thiazide diuretics b. Alpha-blockers c. Beta-blockers d. Calcium channel blockers e. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors - answer>>>A Ch. 36: The class of drugs important to use in patients with hypertension who also have congestive heart failure or renal failure is: a. Alpha-blockers b. Beta-blockers c. ACE inhibitors d. Calcium channel blockers - answer>>>C Ch. 37: Important risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) include all except which one of the following? a. Anemia b. Hypertension c. Diabetes mellitus
d. Hyperlipidemia e. Age - answer>>>A Ch. 37: Lifestyle modifications useful in the treatment of CAD include all except which one of the following? a. Aerobic exercise b. Isometric exercise c. Reduction of stress d. Smoking cessation e. American Heart Association heart-healthy diet - answer>>>B Ch. 37: Sublingual nitroglycerin differs from isosorbide mononitrate given orally in which one of the following ways? a. Mechanism of relief of angina b. Effect on heart rate c. Duration of action d. Effect on postural blood pressure - answer>>>C Ch. 37: Unstable angina differs from stable angina in having which one of the following features? a. More numerous atherosclerotic plaques b. Atherosclerotic plaque located more proximally in the coronary arteries c. Greater association with an elevated platelet count d. Greater frequency and severity of anginal attacks e. More common in the elderly female than the elderly
e. History of ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema - answer>>>E Ch. 38: The best way to differentiate between patients with systolic CHF and diastolic CHF is by: a. History b. Physical examination c. Echocardiography d. ECG e. Chest x-ray examination - answer>>>C Ch. 38: Beneficial effects of converting atrial fibrillation with heart rate of 120 beats per minute to sinus rhythm with heart rate of 80 beats per minute include all of the following except: a. Increased time for ventricular filling b. Restoration of atrial contributors to ventricular filling c. Decreased myocardial oxygen consumption d. Increased myocardial contractility e. Reduction in ventricular hypertrophy - answer>>>C Ch. 38: Which one of the following would be inconsistent with the onset of CHF in an elderly patient? a. Dyspnea b. Worsening ability to self-care c. Anorexia d. Falls
e. None of the above - answer>>>E Ch. 21: Which of the following types of dizziness is most commonly reported by older persons? a. Vertigo b. Feeling of being about to pass out c. Disequilibrium d. Combination of two or more types of dizziness - answer>>>D Ch. 21: Which of the following is the least common cause of dizziness in primary care geriatrics? a. Anxiety b. Vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attacks c. An acoustic nerve tumor d. Cervical spine disease e. Cerumen against the tympanic membrane - answer>>>C Ch. 21: Which of the following historical or physical examination details would most effectively argue against benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as a cause of dizziness? a. Brief episodes of dizziness accompanied by nausea b. A negative result on Romberg's test c. Failure to reproduce the dizziness with Dix-Hallpike maneuver d. Episodes lasting 4 to 6 hours, with progressive unilateral hearing loss
Vital signs show heart rate of 74 per minute and blood pressure of 110/70. His vital signs in the morning at 7 am were heart rate 70 per minute and blood pressure 130/80. Other system examination was unremarkable. No recent medication changes were made. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. Cerebrovascular stroke b. Recurrent vestibulopathy c. Postprandial hypotension d. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo - answer>>>C Ch. 21: Mr. K. is a 68 - year-old retired insurance salesman with a 2 - day history of dizziness. He describes a light-headed sensation as though he is about to pass out, that occurs whenever he is standing or walking. He has a milder sensation in the sitting position and is completely relieved when he lies down. There is no sense of spinning accompanying this sensation. What is the likely physiologic mechanism underlying Mr. K.'s dizziness? a. Depression or anxiety b. Diminished oxygenation of the cerebral cortex c. Cardiac dysrhythmia d. Stimulation of the vestibular system when he stands e. Irritation of neck proprioceptive fibers - answer>>>B Ch.21: A 74 - year-old man is brought to your office by his concerned
wife. At about 2:30 this morning he got up to go to the bathroom, feeling a little light-headed. He sat on the toilet, but even as he did so he could feel himself blacking out. His wife heard a thud and found him unconscious. He became conscious in about 10 to 15 seconds. He did not feel chest pain or palpitations before or after the episode, and he was not incontinent. On further questioning, he states that he has had a cold for the past 4 days, for which he has taken a combination medication containing pseudoephedrine and chlorpheniramine. Rarely an alcohol drinker, he admits to having a few beers last evening while watching Monday night football with his son, who is visiting. He does not have a history of seizures. Four months ago, he had a normal cardiac treadmill test performed by his cardiologist as part of a routine evaluation. Other than the - answer>>>E Ch. 22: A 71 - year-old woman with hypertension, diabetes, and ischemic cardiomyopathy visits your office after a witnessed episode of syncope at a church gathering. She does not remember the event, but her daughter describes her suddenly appearing pale while sitting and then slumping over and hitting her head on the side of a table. After about 30 seconds she came to on her own. She has a normal physical examination except for an abrasion on her forehead and her only ECG abnormalities are the changes
and without prodromal symptoms. She has hypertension, hypothyroidism, and depression, all controlled on medication per her report. Her physical examination reveals an obese woman with 21 pretibial edema and a normal cardiovascular and neurologic exam. Her ECG shows left ventricular hypertrophy. Which of the following would be reasonable as the next step in determining the etiology of her syncope? a. Carotid Dopplers b. Transthoracic echocardiogram c. CT scan of head d. Tilt table testing - answer>>>B Ch.22: A 67 - year-old man with no significant medical problems passes out at a cookout soon after standing up to go to the bathroom. He had recently finished his barbecue dinner and admits to having consumed three beers. He denies any previous syncopal episodes. His complete physical examination reveals a very healthy-appearing man with no abnormal findings. His ECG is normal. What should you do? a. Admit him to the hospital for telemetry monitoring. b. Refer him to a cardiologist for intracardiac electrophysiologic studies. c. Schedule an exercise treadmill cardiac stress test. d. Reassure him and follow up with him in clinic again
later in the week. - answer>>>D Ch. 25: A 75 - year-old man visits your clinic accompanied by his wife who reports that he is having hearing difficulties. He denies hearing loss and reports that people around him "mumble too much." His ear canals are free of cerumen. Of the following screening tests you might use to assess the patient's hearing loss, which is the most reliable and valid? a. Whisper test b. Audioscopy using otoscope with built-in audiometer c. Tuning fork test d. Finger rub test e. Weber and Rinne tests - answer>>>B Ch. 25: A 67 - year-old male with severe bilateral hearing loss comes to the clinic to establish primary care. A nurse practitioner observes that he does not understand what is said to him during his assessment. He has no hearing aids. Which of the following actions is least likely to ease communication with the patient? a. Use a hard-wired voice amplification system such as a Pocket Talker. b. Ensure that the speaker's face is in full view of the listener and speak clearly at a slightly louder than normal intensity; avoid shouting.
low- and high-frequency sounds. (5) Helps cut out audio clutter/background noise by transmitting a desired sound source such as a speaker's voice directly to a person's hearing aid (or cochlear implant). - answer>>>(1) D; (2) A; (3) C; (4) E; (5) B Ch. 25: A 65 - year-old female with type 2 diabetes and diabetic peripheral neuropathy was hospitalized 1 week ago and received piperacillin-tazobactam and gentamycin for treatment of bibasilar pneumonia. At the time of hospital discharge, she complained of dizziness and poor balance during ambulation. She now reports that her dizziness has worsened and she has been afraid to walk. Her unsteadiness is worse if she attempts to ambulate in the dark. She reports chronic bilateral hearing loss mildly worse in her left ear, but denies tinnitus. Orthostatic testing is unremarkable. Her neurologic examination is remarkable only for a positive Romberg's test and postural instability during ambulation. An audiogram reveals moderately severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (left mildly greater than right) with gently sloping high-frequency hearing loss. What is the most likely cause of her dizziness and poor balance? a. Ben - answer>>>C Ch. 26: A 75 - year-old woman visits your office with concerns
that she may have to stop driving. You discover that she has difficulty seeing on bright, sunny days, and especially at night with oncoming automobile headlights. You suggest that she see her eye care provider for further evaluation because the most likely source of her visual difficulty is: a. Age-related macular degeneration b. A cataract c. Glaucoma d. Uncorrected refractive error - answer>>>B Ch. 26: A 70 - year-old man comes into your office complaining that he just cannot do what he was able to do when he was younger. He is particularly worried because he drives everywhere and now cannot see as well. He asks you what will happen to his eyes as he gets older. Which of the following ocular changes is not associated with aging? a. Miosis b. Lens yellowing c. Alterations in color vision d. Increased glare sensitivity and recovery e. Increased intraocular pressure - answer>>>E Ch. 26: Ms. Jones is a 75 - year-old white female residing in a senior retirement community. She values her independence
