SUBJECT TOPIC
(INFECTION)
By
Kirthipriya P,
B.Tech, Biotechnology.
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Infection: Definition, Classification, Causes, Transmission, and Prevention, Slides of Biology
A comprehensive overview of infection, its definition, classification, causes, sources, methods of transmission, types, pathogenicity, virulence factors, signs and symptoms, and prevention methods. Primary, secondary, focal, re-infection, cross, nosocomial, iatrogenic, and endogenous or exogenous infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, helminthes, and prions. The document also discusses zoonoses, insects as vectors, and food, water, and soil as sources of infection.
What you will learn
- What are the methods of preventing infections?
- What are the different types of infections?
- How are infections transmitted?
- What are the causative agents of infection in humans?
- What is the definition of infection?
Typology: Slides
2018/2019
1 / 17
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SUBJECT TOPIC
(INFECTION)
By
Kirthipriya P,
B.Tech, Biotechnology.
INFECTION
Def.:
The lodgement and multiplication of a
parasite in or on the tissues of a host.
- (^) Infection and immunity involve interaction between the host
and the infectious microorganism.
It is necessary to distinguish between the term ‘infection’ and
disease.
Cross infection
Nosocomial infection
Iatrogenic infection
endogenous or exogenous infection
CAUSATIVE AGENTS
EFFECTING HUMANS
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Protozoa
Helminthes
Prions
From Human
Carrier- a person who harbours the pathogenic
microorganisms without suffering any ill effect because of it.
Types of carrier
- Healthy carrier
- Convalescent carrier
- Temporary carrier
- Chronic carrier
Animals
Zoonoses-infectious disease transmitted from animals to humans
Zoonoses could be
Bacteria
Viral
Protozoa
Helminthic
Fungal
Insect
- blood sucking insects.
- Vectors-insects
METHODS OF
TRANSMISSION OF
INFECTION
contact
Inhalation
ingestion
inoculation
insects
congenital
iatrogenic and laboratory infections
TYPES OF INFECTIOUS
DISEASE
Endemic
Epidemic
Pandemic
Prosodemic
Sporadic
VIRULENCE FACTORS
Adhesion
Invasiveness
Toxigenicity
Plasmids
Bacteriophages
Communicability Pathogenesis
Biofilms
COURSE OF INFECTIOUS
DISEASE
Exposure/ invasion of host
Colonization
Incubation- period of time between exposure and onset of
symptoms
Prodromal symptoms
Invasive period
PREVENTION OF INFECTION
- Hand hygiene
- Environmental hygiene
- Screening and cohorting patients
- Vaccinations
- Surveillance
- Antibiotic stewardship
- Care coordination
- Following the evidence
- Comprehensive unit based safety
programs