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Evolution
the change in heritable traits of biological populations over successive generations. TERM 2
Microevolution
DEFINITION 2 Relates to changes in a single gene or allele frequencies in a population over time TERM 3
Macroevolution
DEFINITION 3 the formation of new species or groups of related species. TERM 4
Species
DEFINITION 4 one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. TERM 5
Population
DEFINITION 5 a summation of all the organisms of the same group or species, which live in the same geographical area, and have the capability of interbreeding.
Molecular Evolution
a change in the sequence composition of cellular molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins over long periods of time. TERM 7
Natural Selection
DEFINITION 7 Individuals with heritable traits that make them better suited to their environment tend to flourish and reproduce, individuals with bad traits die. TERM 8
Transitional Form
DEFINITION 8 any fossilized remains of a life form that exhibits traits common to both an ancestral group and its derived descendant group. TERM 9
Biogeography
DEFINITION 9 the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. TERM 10
Convergent Evolution
DEFINITION 10 describes the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages.
Vertical Evolution
new species arise from pre-existing species by the accumulation of genetic changes. TERM 17
Horizontal Gene Transfer
DEFINITION 17 a process in which an organism incorporates genetic material from another organism without being the offspring of that organism. TERM 18
Subspecies
DEFINITION 18 In biological classification, [blank] is either a taxonomic rank subordinate to species, or a taxonomic unit in that rank. TERM 19
Ecotypes
DEFINITION 19 genetically distinct population adapted to its local environment. (many bacterial species are subdivided into this) TERM 20
Morphological Traits
DEFINITION 20 Organisms are classified as the same species if their anatomical traits appear to be very similar.
Reproductive Isolation
a collection of mechanisms, behaviors and physiological processes that prevent the members of two different species that cross or mate from producing offspring, or which ensure that any offspring that may be produced are sterile. TERM 22
Molecular Features
DEFINITION 22 comparing DNA sequences within genes, gene order along chromosomes, chromosome structure, and chromosome number as features to identify similarities and differences among different populations. TERM 23
Ecological Factors
DEFINITION 23 an organism's habitat can be used to distinguish one species from another.
