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The concept of gas exchange in the human body, focusing on the application of gas laws, specifically Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures and Henry's Law. the effects of altitude on partial pressures, the role of Henry's Law in gas dissolution, and the sites and mechanisms of gas exchange. Students will gain insights into the importance of partial pressure gradients, efficient gas exchange, and the factors influencing the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during both external and internal respiration.
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Graphics are used with permission of: Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings (http://www.aw-bc.com)
Page 1. Introduction
Page 2. Goals
- To apply gas law relationships - between partial pressure, solubility, and concentration - to gas exchange.
Page 3. Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
Page 4. Effect of High Altitude on Partial Pressures
Page 5. Henry's Law
** Now is a good time to go to quiz questions 1-3:
Page 6. Sites of Gas Exchange Sites of gas exchange in the body:
Page 10. External Respiration: Unloading CO
Page 11. External Respiration O2 and CO2 Exchange
Page 12. Ventilation-Perfusion Coupling: Effect of PO
Page 13. Ventilation-Perfusion Coupling: Effect of PCO
Page 17. Summary
** Now is a good time to go to quiz questions 4-8:
Notes on Quiz Questions: Quiz Question #1a:
Quiz Question #1b:
Quiz Question #2a:
Quiz Question #2b:
Quiz Question #3:
Quiz Question #4:
Quiz Question #5:
Quiz Question #6:
Quiz Question #7:
Quiz Question #8:
Study Questions on Gas Exchange:
entering the pulmonary capillaries is 45 millimeters of mercury. As blood flows past the alveolus, the PCO2 _____________. a. increases b. decreases
entering the pulmonary capillaries is 45 millimeters of mercury. During external respiration carbon dioxide diffuses along its partial pressure gradient, from the blood into the alveolus, until equilibrium is reached. As blood flows past the alveolus, the PCO2 _____________. a. increases to 45 mm Hg b. decreases to 40 mm Hg
Low PCO Low PO High PCO High PO
systemic capillaries is 100 mm Hg. As blood flows through the systemic capillaries, the PO2 ___________. a. increases b. decreases
systemic capillaries is 40 mm Hg. As blood flows through the systemic capillaries, the PCO2 ___________. a. increases b. decreases
respiration there is a net diffusion of oxygen along its partial pressure gradient, from the blood into the tissues, until equilibrium is reached. As this occurs, the PO2 of the blood ______________. a. increases to 104 mm Hg b. decreases to about 40 mm Hg
At rest, the PCO2 of the blood leaving the systemic capillaries is about 45 millimeters of mercury. As blood flow through the systemic capillaries, the PCO2 _____________. a. increases b. decreases