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Galen |\College |\ADN: |\Pharmacology |\Exam |\ 3 |\
(2025) |\QUESTIONS |\WITH |\ANSWERS
Loop |\Diuretic |(name |\and |\indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Furosemide, |\Peripheral |\Edema Loop |\Diuretic |(Furosemide) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Nausea, |\dizziness, |\electrolyte |\imbalance, |\muscle |\cramping, |
blurred |\vision; |\Hypokalemia, |\orthostatic |\hypotension, |\hyperglycemia, |\hearing |\loss Loop |\Diuretic |(Furosemide) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Monitor |\electrolyte |\status, |\educate |\on |\s/s |\of |\hypokalemia, |\hyperglycemia. |\Contraindicated |\in |\patients |\with |\Sulfa |
allergy. |\Caution |\with |\diabetic |\patients, |\HF |\patients, |\hearing |
impaired Potassium |\Sparing |\Diuretic |(name |\and |\indication) |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Spironolactone, |\Edema Potassium |\Sparing |\Diuretic |(Spironolactone) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Headache, |\muscle |\cramps, |\weakness, |\dizziness, |\GI |
discomfort; |\Pulmonary |\Edema, Hypertension, |\HF, |\ascites
Potassium |\Sparing |\Diuretic |(Spironolactone) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Monitor |
serum |\potassium, |\teach |\patient |\s/s |\of |\hyperkalemia. |
Contraindicated |\in |\patients |\with |\liver |\disease |\and |\renal |\dysfunction Thiazide |\Diuretic |(name |\and |\indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Hydrochlorothiazide, |\Hypertension Thiazide |\Diuretic |(Hydrochlorothiazide) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Dizziness, |\headache, |\weakness, |\photosensitivity, |
muscle |\cramps; |\Orthostatic |\hypotension, |\severe |\hypokalemia, |
hyponatremia Thiazide |\Diuretic |(Hydrochlorothiazide) |\Considerations/ |
Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Monitor |\serum |
potassium |\level, |\Monitor |\liver |\and |\renal |\function. |\Contraindicated |
for |\patients |\with |\DM, |\and |\hx |\of |\hypotension Osmotic |\Diuretic |(name |\and |\indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Mannitol, |\Cerebral |\Edema/ |\Intracranial |\Pressure Osmotic |\Diuretic |(Mannitol) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Headache, |\blurred |\vision, |\dry |\mouth |\electrolyte |\imbalance; |
Pulmonary |\edema, |\blood |\pressure,
Calcium |\Channel |\Blocker |(Amlodipine) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Dizziness, |\headache, |\weakness, |\flushing |\and |
peripheral |\edema; |\Severe |\hypotension, |\MI |\Death, |\reflex |\tachycardia Calcium |\Channel |\Blocker |(Amlodipine) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Monitor |
vital |\signs, |\instruct |\patient |\to |\change |\positions |\slowly. Cardiac |\Selective |\Beta |\Blocker |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Metoprolol, |\Hypertension Cardiac |\Selective |\Beta |\Blocker |(Metoprolol) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Fatigue, |\weakness, |\dizziness, |\headache, |\blurred |\vision; |\Bradycardia, |\hypotension, |\stroke, |\thrombocytopenia, |\DM Cardiac |\Selective |\Beta |\Blocker |(Metoprolol) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Contraindicated |\in |\Heart |\block, |\hypotension, |\Acute |\HF |\and |
bradycardia. African |\American |\benefit |\from |\dual |\therapy |\with |\a |\diuretic |\and |\beta |\blocker |\combined. Nonselective |\Beta |\Blocker |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Propranolol, |\Hypertension
Nonselective |\Beta |\Blocker |(Propranolol) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Dizziness, visual |\disturbances; |\Bradycardia, |\hyperkalemia, |\seizure, |\agitation Nonselective |\Beta |\Blocker |(Propranolol) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Do |\not |
give |\to |\patients |\with |\lung |\disease |\can |\cause |\bronchospasms. |\Teach |
patient |\to |\monitor |\BP, |\s/s |\of |\hyperkalemia |\and |\to |\check |\HR ACE |\Inhibitor |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Lisinopril, |
Hypertension ACE |\Inhibitor |(Lisinopril) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Headache, |\dizziness, Nagging |\cough; |\Hypotension, |\syncope, |\hyperkalemia ACE |\Inhibitor |(Lisinopril) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Teach |\patient |\s/s |\of |\hyperkalemia, |\to |\check |\B/P |\and |
HR |\prior |\to |\taking |\medication. |\Notify |\the |\physician |\of |\nagging |
cough |\develops |\may |\need |\to |\change |\to |\ARB. Angiotensin |\II |\Receptor |\Blocker |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Valsartan, |\Hypertension
Antitubercular |(Isoniazid) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Drowsiness, |\tremors, |\dry |\mouth, |\GI |\discomfort, |\rash; |\Peripheral |
neuropathy, |\Vit |\B6 |\deficiency, |\psychotic |\behavior, Hepatotoxicity Antitubercular |(Isoniazid) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Contraindicated |\in |\liver |\disease, |\renal |
dysfunction, |\alcoholism. |\Monitor |\renal |\function, |\monitor |\liver |
enzymes. |\Teach |\patient |\to |\take |\ 1 |\hours |\before |\or |\ 2 |\hours |\after |
meals. |\Take |\on |\empty |\stomach Adrenergic |\Agonist |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Pseudoephedrine, |\Nasal |\decongestant, |\rhinitis, |\common |\cold Adrenergic |\Agonist |(Pseudoephedrine) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Headache, |\restlessness, |\insomnia, |\GI |\distress; |
Hypertension, |\tachycardia, |\photosensitivity, |\palpitations Adrenergic |\Agonist |(Pseudoephedrine) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Contraindicated |\in |\patients |\with |\hypertension, |\cardiac |
dysrhythmia. Decongestant |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Oxymetazoline |\HCL; |\Nasal |\congestion
Decongestant |(Oxymetazoline |\HCL) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Nasal |\irritation, |\dry |\nasal |\mucosa; |\Rebound |\congestion Decongestant |(Oxymetazoline |\HCL) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Teach |\patient |\do |\not |\use |\more |\than |\ 3 |
days. |\Contraindicated |\for |\patients |\with |\hypertension, |\DM, |
hyperthyroidism. Antihistamine |(Diphenhydramine) |\Indication |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Antihistamine |\to |\treat |\acute |\attacks Antihistamine |(Diphenhydramine) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Drowsiness, |\dizziness, |\dry |\mouth, |\constipation; |\Hemolytic |
anemia, |\thrombocytopenia, |\agranulocytosis Antihistamine |(Diphenhydramine) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Contraindicated |\in |\severe |\asthma |\attack, |
severe |\liver |\disease, |\COPD |\and |\neonates, |\BPH, |\glaucoma Antihistamine |(Loratadine) |\Indication |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Allergic |\rhinitis, |\pruritis
Expectorant |(Guaifenesin) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Dizziness, |\drowsiness, |\irritability; Psychosis, |\respiratory |\depression Expectorant |(Guaifenesin) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Teach |\patients |\to |\increase |\fluids |\up |\to |\ 8 |
glasses |\of |\H20 |\per |\day |\to |\help |\loosen |\secretions. |\Educate |\patients |
on |\the |\use |\of |\OTC |\and |\self-medicating. |\Teach |\patients |\to |\notify |\MD |\if |\symptoms |\worsen. Glucocorticoid |\Intranasal |(Name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Fluticasone; Used |\for |\allergic |\rhinitis |\with |\an |\anti-inflammatory |\action. |\Sneezing, |\congestion Glucocorticoid |\Intranasal |(Fluticasone) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Headache, |\epistaxis, |\GI |\distress; Dystonia, |\candidiasis Glucocorticoid |\Intranasal |(Fluticasone) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Teach |
patients |\to |\use |\to |\ 1 |\spray |\daily.
Beta |\ 2 |\Adrenergic |\Agonist-Bronchodilator |(name/indication) |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Albuterol; Asthma Beta |\ 2 |\Adrenergic |\Agonist-Bronchodilator |(Albuterol) |\SE/Adverse |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Nervousness, |\tremors, |\increased |\heart |\rate; Tachycardia, |\hypertension, |\hyperglycemia Beta |\ 2 |\Adrenergic |\Agonist-Bronchodilator |(Albuterol) |
Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Caution |\in |\patients |\with |\cardiac |\dysfunction, |\diabetes, |\anxiety, |\and |
hyperthyroidism Educate |\patient |\on |\how |\to |\properly |\use |\MDI. Anticholinergic |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Tiotropium; Used |\for |\the |\maintenance |\treatment |\of |\bronchospasm |\in |\patients |
with |\COPD Anticholinergic |(Tiotropium) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Dry |\mouth, |\constipations, |\dyspepsia, |\urinary |\retention; Angioedema, |\hyperglycemia, |\chest |\pain
Leukotriene |\Modifier |(Montelukast) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Headache, |\dizziness, |\drowsiness, |\restlessness, |\insomnia; Suicidal |\ideations, Aggression Leukotriene |\Modifier |(Montelukast) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Contraindicated |\in |\hepatic |\disease, |
depression, |\alcoholism Thyroid |\Replacement |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Levothyroxine; Hypothyroidism Thyroid |\Replacement |(Levothyroxine) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔GI |\upset, |\nervousness, |\tremors, |\irritability; Tachycardia, |\palpitations, |\seizures Thyroid |\Replacement |(Levothyroxine) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Teach |
patients |\to |\monitor |\for |\signs |\of |\hyperthyroidism, |\teach |\patient |\to |
take |\on |\an |\empty |\stomach |\ 30 |\mins. |\Before |\breakfast. |\Teach |\patient |\about |\drug |\to |\drug |\interactions |\with |\antidiabetic, |\and |
anticoagulant |\therapy
Antithyroid |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Propylthiouracil Hyperthyroidism Antithyroid |(Propylthiouracil) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔GI |\upset, |\headache, |\dizziness; Fever, |\sore |\throat, |\flu |\like |\symptoms, |\bruising |\or |\bleeding Antithyroid |(Propylthiouracil) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Monitor |\liver |\function |\for |\hepatotoxicity. Vitamin |\D |\Analogue |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Calcitrol; |\Hypocalcemia, |\parathyroid |\disorder Vitamin |\D |\Analogue |(Calcitrol) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Hypercalcemia, |\fatigue, |\weakness, |\GI |\distress; Anorexia, |\photophobia, |\dehydration Vitamin |\D |\Analogue |(Calcitrol) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Contraindicated |\in |\renal |\failure |\and |
cardiovascular |\disease. |\Monitor |\calcium |\level |\for |\therapeutic |\effect Glucocorticoid |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Prednisone; |\Adrenal |\Insufficiency
Short |\Acting |\Insulin |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Regular |(sliding |\scale |
insulin) Rapid |\Acting |\Insulin |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Lispro |(must |\have |
food |\in |\front |\of |\them |\upon |\administration) Intermediate |\Acting |\Insulin |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔NPH |(cloudy) Long |\Acting |\Insulin |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Glargine |(administered |
at |\bedtime) Short |\Acting |\Insulin |(onset, |\peak, |\duration) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔onset: |\30min, |
peak: |\2.5-5hours, |\duration: |\4-12hours Rapid |\Acting |\Insulin |(onset, |\peak, |\duration) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔onset: |\15-30min peak:30-90 |\min duration: |\3-5hours Intermediate |\Acting |\Insulin |(onset, |\peak, |\duration) |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔onset: |\1-2hours peak: |\4-12hours
duration: |\14-24hours Long |\Acting |\Insulin |(onset, |\peak, |\duration) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔onset: |\1-1.5 |\hours peak: |\none duration: |\24hours Only |\insulin |\that |\can |\be |\given |\IV |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Regular |
(short |\acting) Insulin |\that |\cannot |\be |\mixed |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Glargine |
(long |\acting) Insulin |\commonly |\mixed |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔NPH |
(intermediate) 70/30 |\Insulin |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔NPH |\ 70 Regular |\ 30 Insulin |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Confusion, |\agitation, |
tremors, |\fatigue, |\hunger Tachycardia, |\hypoglycemic |\reaction, |\ketoacidosis
Incretin |\mimetics |(name/indications) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Exenatide; Used |\to |\enhance |\insulin |\secretion |\and |\suppress |\glucose |\secretion Incretin |\mimetics |(Exenatide) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Headache, |\dizziness, |\nausea, |\vomiting; Renal |\disfunction Incretin |\mimetics |(Exenatide) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Teach |\patient |\to |\administer |\via |\injectable |
pen |\2x |\daily. |\Has |\proven |\to |\improve |\A1C |\hgb |\levels Hyperglycemic |\Hormone |(name/indication) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔Glucagon; Used |\to |\treat |\hypoglycemia Hyperglycemic |\Hormone |(Glucagon) |\SE/Adverse |- |\CORRECT |
ANSWERS |\✔✔Blurred |\vision, |\dizziness, |\headache, confusion; Seizures, |\nightmares, |\anxiety Hyperglycemic |\Hormone |(Glucagon) |\Considerations/Contraindications |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Teach |\
family |\to |\know |\s/s |\of |\hypoglycemia. |\Teach |\family |\how |\to |\administer |\medication
