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Galen College ADN Pharmacology Exam 3 (20222024) - Questions and Answers, Exams of Pharmacology

Galen College ADN Pharmacology Exam 3 (2022-2024) Latest Update.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 04/27/2024

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Galen College ADN Pharmacology Exam 3 (2022-
2024) Latest Update.
1. Loop Diuretic (name and indication) - Correct answer Furosemide, Peripheral
Edema
2. Loop Diuretic (Furosemide) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Nausea, dizziness,
electrolyte imbalance, muscle cramping, blurred vision; Hypokalemia, orthostatic
hypotension, hyperglycemia, hearing loss
3. Loop Diuretic (Furosemide) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer
Monitor electrolyte status, educate on s/s of hypokalemia, hyperglycemia.
Contraindicated in patients with sulfa allergy. Caution with diabetic patients, HF
patients, hearing impaired
4. Potassium Sparing Diuretic (name and indication) - Correct answer
Spironolactone, Edema
5. Potassium Sparing Diuretic (Spironolactone) SE/Adverse - Correct answer
Headache, muscle cramps, weakness, dizziness, GI discomfort; Pulmonary
Edema,
Hypertension, HF, ascites
6. Potassium Sparing Diuretic (Spironolactone) Considerations/Contraindications -
Correct answer Monitor serum potassium, teach patient s/s of hyperkalemia.
Contraindicated in patients with liver disease and renal dysfunction
7. Thiazide Diuretic (name and indication) - Correct answer Hydrochlorothiazide,
Hypertension
8. Thiazide Diuretic (Hydrochlorothiazide) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Dizziness,
headache, weakness, photosensitivity, muscle cramps; Orthostatic hypotension,
severe hypokalemia, hypernatremia
9. Thiazide Diuretic (Hydrochlorothiazide) Considerations/ Contraindications -
Correct answer Monitor serum potassium level, Monitor liver and renal function.
Contraindicated for patients with DM, and hex of hypotension
10.Osmotic Diuretic (name and indication) - Correct answer Manito, Cerebral
Edema/ Intracranial Pressure
11.Osmotic Diuretic (Manito) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Headache, blurred
vision, dry mouth electrolyte imbalance; Pulmonary edema, blood pressure,
12.Renal failure
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Galen College ADN Pharmacology Exam 3 (2022-

2024) Latest Update.

  1. Loop Diuretic (name and indication) - Correct answer Furosemide, Peripheral Edema
  2. Loop Diuretic (Furosemide) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Nausea, dizziness, electrolyte imbalance, muscle cramping, blurred vision; Hypokalemia, orthostatic hypotension, hyperglycemia, hearing loss
  3. Loop Diuretic (Furosemide) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Monitor electrolyte status, educate on s/s of hypokalemia, hyperglycemia. Contraindicated in patients with sulfa allergy. Caution with diabetic patients, HF patients, hearing impaired
  4. Potassium Sparing Diuretic (name and indication) - Correct answer Spironolactone, Edema
  5. Potassium Sparing Diuretic (Spironolactone) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Headache, muscle cramps, weakness, dizziness, GI discomfort; Pulmonary Edema, Hypertension, HF, ascites
  6. Potassium Sparing Diuretic (Spironolactone) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Monitor serum potassium, teach patient s/s of hyperkalemia. Contraindicated in patients with liver disease and renal dysfunction
  7. Thiazide Diuretic (name and indication) - Correct answer Hydrochlorothiazide, Hypertension
  8. Thiazide Diuretic (Hydrochlorothiazide) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Dizziness, headache, weakness, photosensitivity, muscle cramps; Orthostatic hypotension, severe hypokalemia, hypernatremia
  9. Thiazide Diuretic (Hydrochlorothiazide) Considerations/ Contraindications - Correct answer Monitor serum potassium level, Monitor liver and renal function. Contraindicated for patients with DM, and hex of hypotension
  10. Osmotic Diuretic (name and indication) - Correct answer Manito, Cerebral Edema/ Intracranial Pressure
  11. Osmotic Diuretic (Manito) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Headache, blurred vision, dry mouth electrolyte imbalance; Pulmonary edema, blood pressure,
  12. Renal failure
  1. Osmotic Diuretic (Manito) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Use extreme caution in HF patients. Monitor I & O for therapeutic response, Monitor vital signs for therapeutic response
  2. Alpha Adrenergic Blocker (name and indication) - Correct answer Proposing, Hypertension
  3. Alpha Adrenergic Blocker (Proposing) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Dizziness, blurred vision, headache, weakness, tinnitus; Orthostatic hypotension
  4. Palpitations, elevated liver enzymes
  5. Alpha Adrenergic Blocker (Proposing) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Teach patient to change positions slowly, monitor liver enzymes, monitor I & O and edema in lower extremities. Teach patient importance of checking BP at home and daily weights.
  6. Calcium Channel Blocker (name and indication) - Correct answer Amlodipine, Hypertension
  7. Calcium Channel Blocker (Amlodipine) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Dizziness, headache, weakness, flushing and peripheral edema; Severe hypotension, MI Death, reflex tachycardia
  8. Calcium Channel Blocker (Amlodipine) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Monitor vital signs, instruct patient to change positions slowly.
  9. Cardiac Selective Beta Blocker (name/indication) - Correct answer Metoprolol, Hypertension
  10. Cardiac Selective Beta Blocker (Metoprolol) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Fatigue, weakness, dizziness, headache, blurred vision; Bradycardia, hypotension, stroke, thrombocytopenia, DM
  11. Cardiac Selective Beta Blocker (Metoprolol) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Contraindicated in Heart block, hypotension, Acute HF and bradycardia.
  12. African American benefit from dual therapy with a diuretic and beta blocker combined.
  13. Nonselective Beta Blocker (name/indication) - Correct answer Propranolol, Hypertension
  14. Nonselective Beta Blocker (Propranolol) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Dizziness,
  15. Visual disturbances; Bradycardia, hyperkalemia, seizure, agitation

function, monitor liver enzymes. Teach patient to take 1 hours before or 2 hours after meals. Take on empty stomach

  1. Adrenergic Agonist (name/indication) - Correct answer Pseudoephedrine, Nasal decongestant, rhinitis, common cold
  2. Adrenergic Agonist (Pseudoephedrine) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Headache, restlessness, insomnia, GI distress; Hypertension, tachycardia, photosensitivity, palpitations
  3. Adrenergic Agonist (Pseudoephedrine) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Contraindicated in patients with hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmia.
  4. Decongestant (name/indication) - Correct answer Oxymetazoline HCL; Nasal congestion
  5. Decongestant (Oxymetazoline HCL) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Nasal irritation, dry nasal mucosa; Rebound congestion
  6. Decongestant (Oxymetazoline HCL) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Teach patient do not use more than 3 days. Contraindicated for patients with hypertension, DM, hyperthyroidism.
  7. Antihistamine (Diphenhydramine) Indication - Correct answer Antihistamine to treat acute attacks
  8. Antihistamine (Diphenhydramine) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, constipation; Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis
  9. Antihistamine (Diphenhydramine) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer contraindicated in severe asthma attack, severe liver disease, COPD and neonates, BPH, glaucoma
  10. Antihistamine (Loratadine) Indication - Correct answer Allergic rhinitis, pruritus
  11. Antihistamine (Loratadine) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Dry mouth, nervousness, weakness; Tachycardia
  12. Antihistamine (Loratadine) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Teach patients to only take once a day because the ½ life is 7-30 hours.
  13. Antitussive (name/indication) - Correct answer Dextromethorphan Hydro bromide;
  14. Antitussive, used to suppress a cough also can be considered an expectorant
  1. Antitussive (Dextromethorphan Hydro bromide) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, ataxia;
  2. Psychosis, respiratory depression
  3. Antitussive (Dextromethorphan Hydro bromide) Considerations/Contraindications
    • Correct answer Use caution in patients with asthma, and HF
  4. Expectorant (name/indication) - Correct answer Guaifenesin;
  5. Expectorant
  6. Expectorant (Guaifenesin) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Dizziness, drowsiness, irritability;
  7. Psychosis, respiratory depression
  8. Expectorant (Guaifenesin) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Teach patients to increase fluids up to 8 glasses of H20 per day to help loosen secretions. Educate patients on the use of OTC and self-medicating. Teach patients to notify MD if symptoms worsen.
  9. Glucocorticoid Intranasal (Name/indication) - Correct answer Fluticasone;
  10. Used for allergic rhinitis with an anti-inflammatory action. Sneezing, congestion
  11. Glucocorticoid Intranasal (Fluticasone) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Headache, epistaxis, GI distress;
  12. Dystonia, candidiasis
  13. Glucocorticoid Intranasal (Fluticasone) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Teach patients to use to 1 spray daily.
  14. Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist-Bronchodilator (name/indication) - Correct answer Albuterol;
  15. Asthma
  16. Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist-Bronchodilator (Albuterol) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Nervousness, tremors, increased heart rate;
  17. Tachycardia, hypertension, hyperglycemia
  18. Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist-Bronchodilator (Albuterol) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Caution in patients with cardiac dysfunction, diabetes, anxiety, and hyperthyroidism
  19. Educate patient on how to properly use MDI.
  20. Anticholinergic (name/indication) - Correct answer Tiotropium;
  21. Used for the maintenance treatment of bronchospasm in patients with COPD
  1. Hyperthyroidism
  2. Ant thyroid (Propylthiouracil) SE/Adverse - Correct answer GI upset, headache, dizziness;
  3. Fever, sore throat, flu like symptoms, bruising or bleeding
  4. Ant thyroid (Propylthiouracil) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Monitor liver function for hepatotoxicity.
  5. Vitamin D Analogue (name/indication) - Correct answer Clairol; Hypocalcaemia, parathyroid disorder
  6. Vitamin D Analogue (Clairol) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Hyperkalemia, fatigue, weakness, GI distress;
  7. Anorexia, photophobia, dehydration
  8. Vitamin D Analogue (Clairol) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Contraindicated in renal failure and cardiovascular disease. Monitor calcium level for therapeutic effect
  9. Glucocorticoid (name/indication) - Correct answer Prednisone; Adrenal Insufficiency
  10. Glucocorticoid (Prednisone) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Fluid and sodium retention, GI upset, mood changes, flushing, increased appetite;
  11. Increased blood glucose levels, cardiac dysfunction, GI bleed
  12. Glucocorticoid (Prednisone) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer contraindicated in patients with DM, renal dysfunction, MI, seizures. Long term use can lead to immune suppression and inflammatory response. Monitor blood glucose levels, weights and Cushing's syndrome
  13. Mineralocorticoid (name/indication) - Correct answer Fludrocortisone; given to supplement corticoids to help treat Addison's disease
  14. Mineralocorticoid (Fludrocortisone) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Weakness, anorexia;
  15. Hypokalemia
  16. Mineralocorticoid (Fludrocortisone) Considerations/Contraindications - Correct answer Monitor patients with cardiac disease. Educate patients on dietary considerations and encourage food high in potassium
  17. Short Acting Insulin - Correct answer Regular (sliding scale insulin)
  1. Rapid Acting Insulin - Correct answer Lisper (must have food in front of them upon administration)
  2. Intermediate Acting Insulin - Correct answer NPH (cloudy)
  3. Long Acting Insulin - Correct answer glaring (administered at bedtime)
  4. Short Acting Insulin (onset, peak, duration) - Correct answer onset: 30min,
  5. Peak: 2.5-5hours, duration: 4-12hours
  6. Rapid Acting Insulin (onset, peak, duration) - Correct answer onset: 15- 30min
  7. Peak: 30-90 min
  8. Duration: 3-5hours
  9. Intermediate Acting Insulin (onset, peak, duration) - Correct answer onset: 1-2hours
  10. Peak: 4-12hours
  11. Duration: 14-24hours
  12. Long Acting Insulin (onset, peak, duration) - Correct answer onset: 1-1. hours
  13. Peak: none
  14. Duration: 24hours
  15. Only insulin that can be given IV - Correct answer Regular (short acting)
  16. Insulin that cannot be mixed - Correct answer Glaring (long acting)
  17. Insulin commonly mixed - Correct answer NPH (intermediate)
  18. 70/30 Insulin - Correct answer NPH 70
  19. Regular 30
  20. Insulin SE/Adverse - Correct answer Confusion, agitation, tremors, fatigue, hunger
  21. Tachycardia, hypoglycemic reaction, ketoacidosis
  22. Sulfonylurea (name/indication) - Correct answer Glipizide;
  23. Used to treat hyperglycemia in Type II DM. Stimulates the beta cells to release insulin
  24. Sulfonylurea (Glipizide) SE/Adverse - Correct answer Drowsiness, headache, blurred vision;
  25. Hypoglycemia, hypernatremia