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Fundamentals of Nursing PN Exam 1: Practice Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

A set of practice questions and answers related to fundamental nursing concepts. It covers various topics including clinical reasoning, infection control, body mechanics, healthcare systems, and nursing history. The questions are designed to test knowledge of basic nursing principles and terminology.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 01/16/2025

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Fundamentals of Nursing PN Exam 1 with
verified answers
1gr=___mg |- |correct |answer |-60mg
1gtt=___M |- |correct |answer |-1M
1mL=____M |- |correct |answer |-15M
1oz=____mL |- |correct |answer |-30mL
1 |cup=_____oz |- |correct |answer |-8oz
1mg=_____mcg |- |correct |answer |-1000mcg
1mL=____gtt |- |correct |answer |-15gtt
1qt=______mL |- |correct |answer |-1000mL
1gal=_____qt |- |correct |answer |-4qt
1cup=_____mL |- |correct |answer |-240mL
1kg=_____lb |- |correct |answer |-2.2lb
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Download Fundamentals of Nursing PN Exam 1: Practice Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

Fundamentals of Nursing PN Exam 1 with

verified answers

1gr=___mg |- |correct |answer |-✔60mg

1gtt=___M |- |correct |answer |-✔1M

1mL=____M |- |correct |answer |-✔15M

1oz=____mL |- |correct |answer |-✔30mL

1 |cup=_____oz |- |correct |answer |-✔8oz

1mg=_____mcg |- |correct |answer |-✔1000mcg

1mL=____gtt |- |correct |answer |-✔15gtt

1qt=______mL |- |correct |answer |-✔1000mL

1gal=_____qt |- |correct |answer |-✔4qt

1cup=_____mL |- |correct |answer |-✔240mL

1kg=_____lb |- |correct |answer |-✔2.2lb

1kg=_____g |- |correct |answer |-✔1000g

Clinical |Reasoning |- |correct |answer |-✔a |specific |term |usually |referring |to |ways |of |thinking |about |patient |care |issues |(determining, |preventing, |and |managing |patient |problems); |for |reasoning |about |other |clinical |issues |(e.g., |teamwork, |collaboration, |and |streamlining |work |flow); |nurses |usually |use |critical |thinking

Clinical |Judgement |- |correct |answer |-✔refers |to |the |result |(outcome) |of |critical |thinking |or |clinical |reasoning; |the |conclusion, |decision, |or |opinion |a |nurse |makes

Pathogens |- |correct |answer |-✔Disease |causing |microorganisms

Infection |- |correct |answer |-✔Contamination |or |invasion |of |body |tissue |by |pathogenic |organisms

Six |Components |of |Infection |Cycle |- |correct |answer |-✔-Infectious |Agent

-Reservoir

-Portal |of |Exit

-Means |of |Transmission

-Portals |of |Entry

-Susceptible |Host

Virulence |- |correct |answer |-✔ability |to |produce |disease

Endemic |- |correct |answer |-✔native |or |confined |to |a |particular |region |or |people

Stages |of |Infection |- |correct |answer |-✔-Incubation |period

-Prodromal |stage

Fibrous |Joints |- |correct |answer |-✔immovable |(skull)

Cartilaginous |Joints |- |correct |answer |-✔allow |only |slight |movement |and |consist |of |bones |connected |entirely |by |cartilage

Synovial |Joint |- |correct |answer |-✔freely |movable |joint

Labyrinthine |Sense |- |correct |answer |-✔the |sensory |organs |in |the |inner |ear |provide |this |sense |of |position, |orientation, |and |movement

Proprioceptor |or |Kinesthetic |Sense |- |correct |answer |-✔This |informs |the |brain |of |the |location |of |a |limb |or |body |part |as |a |result |of |joint |movements |stimulating |special |nerve |endings |in |muscles, |tendons, |and |fascia.

Visual |or |Optic |Reflexes |- |correct |answer |-✔visual |impressions |contribute |to |posture |by |alerting |the |person |to |spatial |relationships |with |the |environment

Extensor |or |Stretch |Reflexes |- |correct |answer |-✔when |extensor |muscles |are |stretched |beyond |a |certain |point, |their |stimulation |causes |a |reflex |contraction |that |aids |a |person |to |reestablish |erect |posture

Ergonomics |- |correct |answer |-✔the |study |of |the |human |factors |that |affect |the |design |and |operation |of |tools |and |the |work |environment

Medicare |- |correct |answer |-✔A |federal |program |of |health |insurance |for |persons | 65 |years |of |age |and |older

Medicaid |- |correct |answer |-✔Federal |program |that |provides |medical |benefits |for |low- income |persons.

Preventive |Health |Care |- |correct |answer |-✔focuses |on |educating |and |equipping |clients |to |reduce |and |control |risk |factors |of |disease. |Examples |include |immunizations, |stress |management |programs, |and |seat |belt |use

Primary |Health |Care |- |correct |answer |-✔emphasizes |health |promotion, |and |includes |prenatal |and |well-baby |care, |nutrition |counseling, |and |disease |control. |is |based |on |a |sustained |partnership |between |client |and |provider. |examples |include |office |or |clinic |visits |and |scheduled |school/work |centered |screenings |(vision, |hearing, |obesity)

Secondary |Health |Care |- |correct |answer |-✔includes |the |diagnosis |and |treatment |of |emergency, |acute |illness, |or |injury. |examples |include |care |given |in |hospital |settings |(inpatient |and |EDs), |diagnostic |centers, |or |emergent |care |centers

Tertiary |Health |Care |- |correct |answer |-✔involves |the |provision |of |specialized |highly |technical |care. |examples |include |oncology |centers |and |burn |centers

Restorative |Health |Care |- |correct |answer |-✔involves |intermediate |follow-up |care |for |restoring |health. |examples |include |home |health |care, |rehab |centers, |and |skilled |nursing |facilities

Continuing |Health |Care |- |correct |answer |-✔addresses |long-term |or |chronic |health |care |needs |over |a |period |of |time

Medical |Asepsis |- |correct |answer |-✔practices |designed |to |reduce |the |number |and |transfer |of |pathogens; |synonym |for |clean |technique

Surgical |Asepsis |- |correct |answer |-✔techniques |used |to |destroy |all |pathogenic |organisms, |also |called |sterile |technique

Primary |Prevention |- |correct |answer |-✔Efforts |to |prevent |an |injury |or |illness |from |ever |occurring.

(Immunizations, |car |seat |education, |nutrition, |health |education, |etc.)

Secondary |Prevention |- |correct |answer |-✔Focuses |on |identifying |illness, |providing |treatment, |and |conducting |activities |that |help |prevent |a |worsening |health |status |

(Communicable |disease |screening, |early |detection, |exercise |programs |for |older |adults, |etc.)

Tertiary |Prevention |- |correct |answer |-✔-aims |to |prevent |the |long-term |consequences |of |a |chronic |illness |or |disability |and |to |support |optimal |functioning

-examples: |prevention |of |pressure |ulcers |as |complication |of |a |spinal |cord |injury; |promoting |independence |for |the |client |who |has |traumatic |brain |injury

Systemic |- |correct |answer |-✔affecting |the |entire |body

Classes |of |fire |extinguishers |- |correct |answer |-✔A: |for |paper, |wood, |upholstery, |rags, |or |other |types |of |trash |fires

B: |for |flammable |liquids |or |gas |fires

C: |electrical |fires

ABCDE |Principle |- |correct |answer |-✔Used |as |a |guide |during |primary |survey |and |emergency |care

A |= |airway/cervical |spine

B |= |breathing

C |= |circulation

D |= |Disability

E |= |Exposure

Primary |Survey |- |correct |answer |-✔Initial |assessment |to |determine |the |presence |of |a |life- threatening |injury.

Abduction |and |Adduction |- |correct |answer |-✔

Circumduction |- |correct |answer |-✔EX: |moving |the |arm |in |a |circle |around |the |shoulder

Flexion |- |correct |answer |-✔bending |a |joint

Extension |- |correct |answer |-✔Straightening |of |a |joint

Dorsiflexion |- |correct |answer |-✔Backward |flexion, |as |in |bending |backward |either |a |hand |or |foot

Plantar |Flexion |- |correct |answer |-✔bending |of |the |sole |of |the |foot |by |curling |the |toes |toward |the |ground

Smooth |Muscles |- |correct |answer |-✔located |in |the |walls |of |internal |organs |such |as |the |digestive |tract, |blood |vessels, |and |ducts |leading |from |glands

isotonic |exercise |- |correct |answer |-✔activity |that |combines |muscle |contraction |with |repeated |movement

isometric |exercise |- |correct |answer |-✔an |exercise |in |which |muscles |contract |but |very |little |body |movement |takes |place

isokenetic |exercise |- |correct |answer |-✔activity |that |involves |resistance |through |an |entire |range |of |motion

I |- |Intervention, |or |range |of |interventions |of |interest |(exposure |to |disease, |risk |behavior, |education) |

C |- |What |will |you |compare |the |intervention |against? |(no |disease, |absence |of |risk |factors, |placebo |or |no |intervention)

O |- |Outcome |of |interest |(risk |of |disease, |rates |of |occurrence |of |adverse |outcomes, |accuracy |of |diagnosis) |

T |- |Time |it |takes |for |intervention |to |achieve |the |outcome |(selected |to |observe |the |population |or |problem/condition)

Morbitity |- |correct |answer |-✔a |diseased |state, |disability |or |poor |health |due |to |any |cause

Mortality |- |correct |answer |-✔death |rate

The |Human |Dimensions |- |correct |answer |-✔Physical, |Emotional, |Intellectual, |Environmental, |Sociocultural, |Spiritual

Wellness |- |correct |answer |-✔an |overall |state |of |well-being |or |total |health

Exacerbation |- |correct |answer |-✔increase |in |the |severity |of |a |disease |or |its |symptoms

Acute |illness |- |correct |answer |-✔A |sudden |illness |from |which |a |person |is |expected |to |recover

Common |Chronic |Diseases |- |correct |answer |-✔-Heart |disease

-Hypertension

-Diabetes

-Rheumatoid |Arthritis

-Alzheimer's

Physical |Dimension |- |correct |answer |-✔genetic |inheritance, |age, |developmental |level, |race, |and |gender

Emotional |Dimension |- |correct |answer |-✔how |the |mind |affects |body |function |and |responds |to |body |conditions

Intellectual |Dimension |- |correct |answer |-✔cognitive |abilities, |educational |background, |and |past |experiences

Environmental |Dimension |- |correct |answer |-✔housing, |sanitation, |climate, |pollution |of |air, |food, |and |water

Nursing |Interventions |for |Integumentary |- |correct |answer |-✔-Identify |risk |for |pressure |injury

-Position |using |corrective |devices

-Limit |sitting |in |chair |to | 1 |hour

-Monitor |nutritional |intake

Respiratory |Assessment |(q2h) |- |correct |answer |-✔-Observe |chest |wall |movement

-Auscultate |lungs |and |identify |diminished |breath |sounds, |crackles, |wheezes

-Observe |for |productive |cough---noting |color, |amount, |and |consistency |of |secretions

Respiratory-Client |Education |- |correct |answer |-✔-Turn, |cough, |and |breathe |deeply |every |1- 2hours |while |awake

-Yawn |every |hour |while |awake

-Use |spirometer

-Consume |at |least |2,000 |mL |fluid |per |day

Cardiovascular-Nursing |Actions |- |correct |answer |-✔-Increase |activity |as |soon |as |possible

Cane |Instructions |- |correct |answer |-✔-Maintain |two |points |of |support |on |the |ground |at |all |times.

-Keep |the |cane |on |the |stronger |side |of |the |body.

-Support |body |weight |on |both |legs, |move |the |cane |forward | 6 |to | 10 |inches, |then |move |the |weaker |leg |forward |toward |the |cane.

-Next, |advance |the |stronger |leg |past |the |cane

Crutch |Instructions |- |correct |answer |-✔-Do |not |alter |crutches |after |fitting.

-Follow |the |prescribed |crutch |gait.

-Support |body |weight |at |the |hand |grips |with |the |elbows |flexed |at |30°.

-Place |crutches |15cm |in |front |of |and |15cm |to |the |side |of |each |foot |

-Position |the |crutches |on |the |unaffected |side |when |sitting |or |rising

from |a |chair.

Developmental- |Assessment |(Infancy |through |school |age) |- |correct |answer |-✔-Gross |motor |skills, |intellectual, |and |musculoskeletal |development

-Body |alignment |and |posture

-Developmental |tasks |specific |to |age

Developmental-Nursing |Actions |(Infancy |through |school |age) |- |correct |answer |-✔-Implement |activities |that |stimulate |physical |and |psychosocial |systems-increase |mobility

-Teach |families |that |their |perception |of |immobility |can |affect |progress |and |ability |to |cope

-Encourage |involvement, |if |age-appropriate, |in |care

Developmental-Assessment |(Adolescents) |- |correct |answer |-✔-Growth |and |development |specific |to |age

-Level |of |independence |

-Social |activities

Developmental-Nursing |Actions |(Adolescents) |- |correct |answer |-✔-Initiate |care |that |facilitates |independence |

-Involve |them |in |decision-making |for |ADL's

-Provide |stimuli |to |promote |socialization

Developmental-Assessment |(Adults) |- |correct |answer |-✔-All |physical |systems

-Family |relationships

-Social |status

-Meaning |of |career/job

Developmental-Nursing |Actions |(Adults) |- |correct |answer |-✔-Provide |care |that |promotes |activity |of |all |systems

-Discuss |social |involvements |

-Discuss |meaning |of |career/job

Developmental-Assessment |(Older |Adults) |- |correct |answer |-✔-Balance

-Coordination |

-Gait

-Functional |Status

-Level |of |independence |

-Social |isolation

Developmental-Nursing |Actions |(Older |Adults) |- |correct |answer |-✔-Plan |care |with |clients |and |families |to |increase |independence |with |ADL's |and |decision |making

-Teach |staff |to |encourage |independence |

-Provide |stimuli |(Paper, |TV, |etc.)

-Very |young, |very |old, |immunicompromised, |and |pregnant |individuals |are |at |higher |risk

-Avoid |products |made |from |unpasteurized |dairy |or |meat |spreads |and |uncooked |eggs

Bleeding-Nursing |Actions |- |correct |answer |-✔-Identify |external |bleeding |and |apply |pressure

-DO |NOT |removed |impaled |objects-stabilize |them

Sprains |- |correct |answer |-✔RICE:

-REFRAIN |from |weight-bearing

-Apply |ICE |to |decrease |inflammation

-Apply |a |COMPRESSION |dressing |for |swelling

-ELEVATE |the |affected |limb

Heat |Stroke |- |correct |answer |-✔-Temp |greater |than |104'F |or |40'C

-Symptoms |include: |hot, |dry |skin, |hypotension, |tachypnea, |tachycardia, |anxiety, |seizures, |coma

-Remove |clothing-Place |ice |packs |on |major |arteries, |wet |clients |body |and |fan

Altitude-related |illness |- |correct |answer |-✔Expected |Findings: |Throbbing |headache, |nausea, |vomiting, |dyspnea, |anorexia

Interventions: |Administer |oxygen, |descend |to |lower |altitude, |promote |rest

Semi-Fowler's |Position |- |correct |answer |-✔-Typically |30degrees

-Prevents |regurgitation |of |enteral |feedings |and |aspiration |

-Promotes |lung |expansion

Fowler's |- |correct |answer |-✔-45-60 |degrees

-Used |during |procedures |(nasogastric |tube |insertion |and |suctioning)

High |Fowler's |- |correct |answer |-✔60-90 |degrees

supine |or |dorsal |recumbent |position |- |correct |answer |-✔-client |lies |on |his |back |with |head |and |shoulders |elevated |on |a |pillow; |client's |forearms |may |be |placed |on |pillows |or |placed |at |side; |foot |support |prevents |foot |drop |and |maintains |proper |alignment

Prone |Position |- |correct |answer |-✔lying |face |down

Sims' |Position |- |correct |answer |-✔a |side-lying |position |with |the |lowermost |arm |behind |the |body |and |the |uppermost |leg |flexed

Orthopenic |Position |- |correct |answer |-✔Client |sits |in |bed |or |at |the |bedside |with |a |pillow |on |the |overbed |table, |which |is |across |clients |lap. |They |rest |arms |on |overbed |table

-Beneficial |for |clients |with |COPD