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Formation of Tissue Fluid: Hydrostatic and Oncotic Pressure, Lecture notes of Cellular and Tissue Engineering

University of HertfordshireCellular and Tissue Engineering

The process of tissue fluid formation through the interplay of hydrostatic and oncotic pressure in capillaries. It covers the components of blood, the role of hydrostatic and oncotic pressure in tissue fluid formation, and the formation of lymph. Key concepts include the pressure differences at the arterial and venous ends of capillaries, and the role of lymphatic system in handling excess tissue fluid.

Typology: Lecture notes

2021/2022

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Lesson 7- Formation of tissue fluid 1
Components of the blood:
Plasma= dissolved glucose, amino
acids, mineral ions, hormones, albumin
and fibrinogen
Tissue fluid:
Tissue fluid is important for the exchange of substances between the blood and the
cells Tissue fluid is formed from blood plasma leaking from the capillaries, but does
not contain plasma proteins as these are too big to fit through the capillary wall.
Key terms:
Hydrostatic pressure- the pressure a fluid exerts when pushing against the sides of
a vessel (force which pushes fluid out/into the capillary)
Oncotic pressure- the pull of fluid into and out of the capillary by osmosis because
of the presence of plasma proteins.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTcnQ3a45KA you may need to watch this
again after writing the notes
How it is formed:
pf3
pf4
pf5

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Lesson 7- Formation of tissue fluid 1 Components of the blood: Plasma= dissolved glucose, amino acids, mineral ions, hormones, albumin and fibrinogen Tissue fluid: Tissue fluid is important for the exchange of substances between the blood and the cells Tissue fluid is formed from blood plasma leaking from the capillaries, but does not contain plasma proteins as these are too big to fit through the capillary wall. Key terms: Hydrostatic pressure - the pressure a fluid exerts when pushing against the sides of a vessel (force which pushes fluid out/into the capillary) Oncotic pressure - the pull of fluid into and out of the capillary by osmosis because of the presence of plasma proteins. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTcnQ3a45KA y ou may need to watch this again after writing the notes How it is formed:

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  1. When an artery reaches the tissues it branches into an arteriole. This blood is under high net hydrostatic pressure as a result of ventricular systole
  2. At this end of the capillary water and dissolved substances is forced out of the blood across the capillary forming tissue fluid because of this high net hydrostatic pressure. Other substances such as erythrocytes and plasma proteins are too large to pass and remain in the capillary
  3. Exchange of substances between tissue fluid and tissues occur.
  4. At the venule end of the capillary there is a high net oncotic pressure which means tissue fluid returns back to the capillary returning waste products back to the blood. Arteriole end: The net hydrostatic pressure is higher than the net oncotic pressure. This means the overall net pressure forces plasma OUT of the capillary.

1. (^) Which of the options, A to D , is a correct statement about tissue fluid? A Tissue fluid carries carbon dioxide to muscle cells. B Oncotic pressure in the capillary causes tissue fluid formation from plasma. C Hydrostatic pressure in the capillary causes tissue fluid formation from plasma. D Tissue fluid is reabsorbed into the capillary by active transport. Your answer [1] 2. Dissolved ions diffuse between blood plasma and tissue fluid. Pressure differences at the arterial and venous ends of capillaries are responsible for the formation of tissue fluid. The following measurements were made in one capillary: - Net hydrostatic pressure at the arterial end was 4.6 KPa - Net oncotic pressure was - 3.0 KPa - Net hydrostatic pressure at the venous end was 2.3 KPa. Use this information to explain the movement of fluid in and out of a capillary. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... [2] 3.