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Fluid and Electrolyte study guide, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Nursing

This document includes a fluid and electrolyte study guide

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2022/2023

Uploaded on 03/10/2023

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Baptist Health College Little Rock
School of Practical Nursing
1. Define: insensible loss.
2. Define: interstitial fluid.
3. Define: intracellular fluid.
4. Define: extracellular fluid.
5. Define: intravascular fluid.
6. Define: tetany.
7. Define: semi
permeable membrane.
8. Define: osmosis.
9. Define: homeostasis.
10. Know why Aldosterone is an important component to the balance of fluid/electrolyte.
11. Which electrolyte is the primary cation of extracellular fluid?
12. Know the normal lab levels of the following:
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Magnesium
D. Calcium
13. Know how each electrolyte functions within the body and what their principle role is.
14. Define and understand:
A. Hypovolemia
B. Hypervolemia
C. Third spacing
15. Name the two systems that try to compensate for acid/base imbalances and how they do that.
16. Identify and understand:
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Metabolic Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Respiratory Alkalosis
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Baptist Health College Little Rock

School of Practical Nursing

  1. Define: insensible loss.
  2. Define: interstitial fluid.
  3. Define: intracellular fluid.
  4. Define: extracellular fluid.
  5. Define: intravascular fluid.
  6. Define: tetany.
  7. Define: semipermeable membrane.
  8. Define: osmosis.
  9. Define: homeostasis.
  10. Know why Aldosterone is an important component to the balance of fluid/electrolyte.
  11. Which electrolyte is the primary cation of extracellular fluid?
  12. Know the normal lab levels of the following: A. Potassium

B. Sodium

C. Magnesium D. Calcium

  1. Know how each electrolyte functions within the body and what their principle role is.
  2. Define and understand: A. Hypovolemia B. Hypervolemia C. Third spacing
  3. Name the two systems that try to compensate for acid/base imbalances and how they do that.
  4. Identify and understand: A. Metabolic Acidosis B. Metabolic Alkalosis C. Respiratory Acidosis D. Respiratory Alkalosis
  1. Know the normal ranges of: A. pH B. HCO C. PaO D. PaCO
    1. What is the lung sounds of a patient who has an excess in fluid?
  2. What is the normal oxygen flow rate of a person suffering from chronic respiratory problems and needing continuous oxygen therapy?
  3. Identify foods rich in: A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Calcium D. Magnesium
  4. Which electrolyte is MOST abundant within the body? (Critically think this)

Know the definitions from the study guide.

 Adult fluid averages – Calculate the total daily need for a client the weighs 188lbs. and a

client the weighs 208lbs

 Osmoreceptors – Regulation of fluid volume

 Baroreceptors – Detect changes in the blood volume and blood pressure

 Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system – chain reaction of chemicals to increase both BP

and blood volume

 Aldosterone – major hormone that effects F/E balance

 Natriuretic peptides – decreases blood volume.

 Hypovolemia – know sign/symptoms and treatment

 Hypervolemia – know sign/symptoms and treatment

 Third spacing - know sign/symptoms and treatment – if they are tachypnea, find out why.

What will the physician order for this client?

 If the client has an increase hematocrit, what will this put them at risk for?

 If a client has cirrhosis they could have hypomagnesemia, which other electrolytes could

be imbalanced? If they are not eating properly, hypokalemia.

 With hypocalcemia what body system would you be concerned about?

 What two electrolyte imbalances would decrease deep tendon reflexes?

 What is the major chemical regulator of plasma pH?

 If a client has an acid base imbalance and is struggling to breath, what would you

anticipate the physician to order? Emergency ventilation and sodium bicarbonate.

ABG problems