Fluid and Electrolyte (15 Questions on Test)
Fluid Imbalance
1. A nurse is performing an assessment on a client who has hypovolemia due to vomiting
and diarrhea. The nurse should expect which of the following findings? (Select all that
apply)
a. Hyperthermia
b. Bradycardia
c. Orthostatic hypotension
d. Tachycardia (Distended neck veins)
e. Decreased skin turgor
2. The nurse is reviewing the data on the client who has hypovolemia. The nurse should
identify which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypovolemia? (Select all
that apply)
a. Increased Hct
b. Increased blood pressure
c. Decreased urine output
d. Urine specific gravity
e. Increased sodium level
3. A nurse is teaching a class about fluid imbalances. Sort the following manifestations into
either hypovolemia or hypervolemia.
a. Breath sounds with crackles
b. Weight gain
c. Decreased urine specific gravity
d. Flat neck vein
e. Sunken eyeballs
4. A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should
identify that which of the following clients is at risk for hypovolemia?
a. A client who has nasogastric suctioning
b. A client who has chronic constipation
c. A client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
d. A client who took a toxic dose of sodium bicarbonate antacids
5. A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following
actions should the nurse anticipate including in the plan of care?
a. Implement a fluid restriction
b. Infuse hypotonic IV fluids
c. Increase sodium intake
d. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
6. A charge nurse is leading a staff education session about caring for a client who has
hypocalcemia. Which of the following statements by a staff nurse indicates the need for
further teaching?
a. "I should monitor for hand spasms during blood pressure cuff inflation."
b. "Clients who have a vitamin D deficiency are at risk for hypocalcemia."
