FLS QUESTIONS
Rod lenses laparoscope - answer dark or blurry image can occur.
- Look at lens end up to light for black spots.
- clouded image can also be from moisture in eye piece, can be dried with gauze
Light source - answer300 watt xenon lamp
preop check list - answer- check that CO2 tank is attached to CO2 supply
- if using CO2 tank, open valve to make sure tank is full, spare is available and no gas
leaks
- check all cables connected correct and securely
- check availability of spare equipment
- monitor insufflator settings, energy source settings, assist w/ monitor positioning and
taking photos
Loss of working space - answer- check insufflator first
- if pressure fine, pt may not be appropriately relaxed.
- check valve on port conncted to insufflator tubing
- check tubing along its entire path
- If low pressure but high flow, may be a leak somewhere.
- if low pressure and no flow, check insufflator to ensure power is on. check gas level in
tanks
Monopolar energy - answercomplete circuit
low frequency from wall source to high frequency (instrument)
- tissue coagulation occurs as a result of tissue heating. protein denaturation.
- as tissue temp rises -> dessication
tissue heating - answercurrent density squared
Current density - answerthe amount of current per unit area
- current (Amps)/Area (cm2)
large area of tissue contact, low current density
cutting mode - answerheat tissue quickly
- minimal lateral thermal tissue damage but poor coagulation
- low voltage, high frequency
coagulation mode - answer-rapid surface heating, minimal depth
- heat more widely dispersed
