Download Florida Civic Literacy Latest Exam 2025 Final WITH Correct Verified Answers and more Exams Law in PDF only on Docsity!
Florida Civic Literacy Latest Exam 2025 Final
WITH Correct Verified Answers
What historic document (17th century) created a "civil body politic"? - correct answer>>The Mayflower Compact
- created by pilgrims after arguing about who should be in charge What was the Magna Carta? - correct answer>>A document signed by King John in an attempt to prevent a civil war
- He agreed to sign it in June of 1215 after being pressured by Barons who wanted to protect their property and rights. It was meant to stop power exploitation from the King and his government What document did American colonists, protesting the Stamp Act in 1766, claim gave them rights such as "no taxation without representation"? - correct answer>>The Declaration of Rights and Grievances
- The Stamp Act Congress passed this document which said American colonists and British citizens were all equal to each other. The document also protested taxation without representation and declared that in Parliament, if there was no colonial representation, then Parliament was unable to tax colonists Americans, especially by the 19th and 20th centuries, claimed what about the Magna Carta? - correct answer>>Americans claimed that the Magna Carta allowed them to have the same rights as Englishmen, that guaranteed rights in the document couldn't be taken away by tyrannical rulers What was Thomas Paine's Common Sense? - correct answer>>Pamphlet
- Colonists wanted self-government and didn't want to pay the king such high taxes. Therefore, Thomas Paine wrote it intending to share his ideas on independence so colonists could finally govern fairly What was the influence of Common Sense? - correct answer>>Colonists were influenced to fight in order to become independent from Britain
- They were so used to being under a king and monarchs that they didn't realize they could separate to create a government by the people. Paine hoped his pamphlet would
bring courage to all 13 colonies. His influence was so strong that it helped kickstart the American Revolution What is the Declaration of Independence? - correct answer>>The delegates (representatives for the colony) were responsible for claiming independence, preparing an army, arranging a government, and getting 13 different colonies to agree on officially cutting political ties with Britain
- The document acted as an affirmation of the purpose of America. The new American government was built on a foundation of philosophical ideals that originated here What are the three rights mentioned in the Declaration of Independence? - correct answer>>life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness List the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation: - correct answer>>The 13 colonies all combined to create a confederation (independent states in alliance). This document acted as the first form of American government among the colonies after declaring independence from Britain. Power was limited with the Continental Congress yet there was too much power within the states so the national government had various weaknesses: (1) no judicial or executive branch (2) no national military (3) a unanimous vote was needed to change/strengthen articles (9/13) (4) weak central authority (5) couldn't raise taxes (6) gov't had no money of its own/states reluctant to give funds (each colony had its own currency) (7) legislatures dominated state gov't (without checks and balances laws were bias/created chaos) (8) weak national gov't (struggled standing up to foreign powers)
In a republic, who is sovereign? - correct answer>>the constitution Under the U.S. Constitution, what has the power to declare war, conduct foreign policy, and coin currency? - correct answer>>congress Under the U.S. Constitution, what usually has the power to regulate local safety, schools, and grant driving licenses? - correct answer>>state and/or local gov't What is the highest court in the U.S.? - correct answer>>supreme court What does the Judicial Branch do? - correct answer>>interpret laws What does the executive Branch do? - correct answer>>enforce laws What does the legislative Branch do? - correct answer>>make laws What are the two houses of Congress? - correct answer>>senate & house of representatives Senator - correct answer>>term - 6 years age - 30 residency - 9 years House of representative - correct answer>>term - 2 years age - 25 residency - 7 How many voting members does the House currently have? - correct answer>> 535 Senate - 100 HOR - 435 Articles - correct answer>> 1 - legislative 2 - executive
3 - judicial president - correct answer>>term - 4 years age - 35 residency - 14 If a President cannot serve, who is next in line? - correct answer>>Vice President If the President and Vice President cannot serve, who is next in line? - correct answer>>speaker of the house What is the purpose of Checks and Balances? - correct answer>>to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful Who signs or vetoes bills to become laws? - correct answer>>president What is an amendment? - correct answer>>A change or addition to the Constitution What are the rights and responsibilities of a citizen? - correct answer>>rights - amendments responsibility - obey laws and participate in politics when given the opportunity what are the first 10 amendments called? - correct answer>>Bill of Rights After the 14th amendment, how can a person become a citizen in the U.S.? - correct answer>>granted citizenship to those who were formerly enslaved
- Meaning anyone who was born on United States soil is considered a citizen. It made sure states couldn't deny civil rights, liberties, or equal protection of laws What Supreme Court case established Judicial Review? - correct answer>>marybury v. madison what is judicial review? - correct answer>>The Supreme Court's authority to decide if a law violates the Constitution
14th amendment - correct answer>>Declares that all persons (formerly enslaved) born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws 15th amendment - correct answer>>Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude 16th amendment - correct answer>>Allows the federal government to collect national income tax 17th amendment - correct answer>>provided direct election of senators 18th amendment - correct answer>>prohibited alcohol 19th amendment - correct answer>>Extended the right to vote to women 20th amendment - correct answer>>changed inauguration day from march to January 21st Amendment - correct answer>>repealed prohibition 22nd amendment - correct answer>>Limits the president to 2 terms 23rd amendment - correct answer>>extended vote for president to citizens in Washington D.C. 24th amendment - correct answer>>Abolished poll taxes (one way to keep blacks from voting) 25th amendment - correct answer>>established presidential succession (plan of who's next if president can't serve) 26th amendment - correct answer>>lowered the voting age to 18 27th amendment - correct answer>>congressional pay raises can't begin until the next election Negative Liberty - correct answer>>Freedom from constraints or the interference of others (liberal/left)
Positive Liberty - correct answer>>community help gives everyone the ability—and provision of basic necessities—to pursue one's goals Referendum - correct answer>>election where citizens vote directly on an issue initiative - correct answer>>process where citizens propose new laws or amendments to the state constitution sunshine laws - correct answer>>laws that allows the public to watch policymakers in action and have access to records of proceedings republic - correct answer>>A form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws
- people rule indirectly
- Constitution above people democracy - correct answer>>A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them and respond to preferences
- people rule directly
- people above constitution conservative (right wing) - correct answer>>Americans who believe in reduced gov't spending, personal responsibility, traditional moral values, strong national defense liberal (left wing) - correct answer>>Americans who value cultural diversity, gov't programs for the needy, public intervention in economy, individuals rights to a lifestyle based on their own social/moral position social democracy - correct answer>>gov't where citizens are responsible for others well- being and use policy to ensure all are accounted for (tend to be more equal in opportunity) social equality - correct answer>>all individuals enjoy the same status in society political equality - correct answer>>all citizens have the same political rights and opportunities
judicial review - correct answer>>court determines what's constitutional among other branches establishment clause - correct answer>>Clause in the First Amendment that says the government may not establish an official religion free exercise clause - correct answer>>A First Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion what does the 10th amendment relate and best demonstrate? - correct answer>>reserved powers how did the constitution come about? - correct answer>>after the 13 colonies came together to create a confederation which led to the articles of confederation, weaknesses were found so founders had convention to amend articles but came out with a constitution instead the Virginia plan - correct answer>>Madison's plan - embraced by constitutional convention from larger states - strengthened national gov't relative to state gov't the New Jersey plan - correct answer>>put forward at constitutional convention by small states - plan left most gov't authority w/ states the Connecticut compromise - correct answer>>Compromise agreement by states at the Constitutional Convention for a bicameral legislature with a lower HOUSE in which representation would be based on population and an upper house in which each state would have 2 SENATORS what is the only amendment to be ratified by state convention? - correct answer>>21st the 3/5 compromise - correct answer>>each slave would count for 3/5 of a person for taxation and representation purposes necessary and proper clause - correct answer>>constitutional authorization for Congress to make any law required to carry out its powers full faith and credit clause - correct answer>>Constitution's requirement that each state accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state
treaties are constitutionally valid when made by president if - correct answer>>2/3 of senate approves constitution is the "supreme law of the land" b/c? - correct answer>>article 6 says so what was the single best guide to thinking for drafting the constitution? - correct answer>>the federalist papers originalism - correct answer>>A view that the Constitution should be interpreted according to the original intentions or original meaning of the Framers pragmatism - correct answer>>A principle of legal interpretation based on the idea that the Constitution evolves and that it must be put in the context of contemporary realities unitary government - correct answer>>A way of organizing a nation so that all power resides in the central government Supremacy Clause - correct answer>>Federal law is supreme over state law Cooperative Federalism (Marble Cake) - correct answer>>a system of mingled governing authority, with functions overlapping across national and state governments cooperative federalism is most often attributed to the policies of president - correct answer>>Franklin Roosevelt Unitary Government - correct answer>>national gov't makes policies for nation granted powers (enumerated/expressed) - correct answer>>National government powers listed explicitly in the Constitution commerce clause - correct answer>>The clause in the Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 1) that gives Congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross state lines or affect more than one state or other nations inherent powers - correct answer>>powers implied, but not specifically named in the constitution concurrent powers - correct answer>>powers shared by the national and state governments
executive agreements - correct answer>>Agreements with other countries that do not need senate approval 3 forms of presidential powers - correct answer>>expressed, delegated, inherent congress can override a presidential veto with a - correct answer>>2/3 vote in both chambers the executive branch currently has? - correct answer>>15 departments trade deficit - correct answer>>when a nation imports more goods and services than it exports free trade - correct answer>>the movement of goods and services among nations without gov't interference fair trade - correct answer>>Alternative to international trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker owned and democratically run cooperatives and requires employers to pay workers fair wages, permit union organizing, and comply with minimum environmental and safety standards Unilateralism - correct answer>>A philosophy that encourages individual nations to act on their own when facing threats from other nations Multilaterlism - correct answer>>an approach to international relations in which nations consult and cooperate to address world problems wilsonians - correct answer>>believe American values ought to be #1 consideration guiding foreign policy hamiltonians - correct answer>>believe American foreign policy should focus on protecting American prosperity jeffersonians - correct answer>>focus on freedom and democracy at home jacksonians - correct answer>>believe U.S. should focus on its own security and well- being what cabinet has the most employers? - correct answer>>DOD - Department of Defense
why was the federal reserve created? - correct answer>>to stabilize banking the ___________ makes the gov't run - correct answer>>bureaucracy what event was responsible for creating such large bureaucracy? - correct answer>>WW primary source of power for bureaucrat - correct answer>>expertise why are laws in congress written so vague? - correct answer>>so bureaucracy can detail them bureaucracy touches - correct answer>>every aspect of our lives bureaucracy challenge - correct answer>>that it takes more than a year for team to get in place the ________ stipulates how a gov't program will actually run - correct answer>>final rule judicial activism - correct answer>>a vigorous or active approach to reviewing the other branches of government when they've overstepped their constitutional boundary judicial restraint - correct answer>>courts should overrule the elected branches of gov't reluctantly and as last resort civil law - correct answer>>handles dispute between 2 parties criminal law - correct answer>>cases where someone is charged with breaking the law how many district courts are there? - correct answer>> 94 who appoints district court judges? - correct answer>>president how many federal appellate courts are there? - correct answer>> 13 the official statement of the court - correct answer>>the majority opinion how are judges guided in the concept of making legal decisions? - correct answer>>stare decisis
What term refers to redrawing congressional district boundaries to favor a particular political party? - correct answer>>gerrymandering What happened in American schools after the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education? - correct answer>>The federal government ordered states desegregate classes How are the responsibilities of the legislative and executive branches of government different when it comes to treaties? - correct answer>>U.S. Senate ratifies treaties; the president negotiates foreign treaties How does the 17th Amendment protect individual rights? - correct answer>>By requiring the direct election of senators, it protects the principle of direct representation How did the Supreme Court expect Bush v. Gore to affect voting practices in the United States? - correct answer>>States would improve voting methods Which of the following is true of the constitutional amendment process? - correct answer>>Three-fourths of the states must ratify proposed amendments Which of the following ancient civilizations established a republican form ofgovernment? - correct answer>>Roman During the 6th century B.C.E., the ancient Athenians divided the powers of their government between two assemblies and guaranteed certain political rights to all male citizens. How do these political reforms best illustrate how societies develop? - correct answer>>by limiting government authority Which modern democratic concept practiced in the United States is most like the democratic process of ancient Greece? - correct answer>>the referendum Laws against defamation, including libel and slander, property damage and breach of contract represent which legal concern underlying most Western nations? - correct answer>>civil law Which form of government is based on popular sovereignty? - correct answer>>republic Which phrase best describes the power of impeachment? - correct answer>>the ability of the U.S. House to charge federal officers with a crime or violation
In the Mayflower Compact, Plymouth settlers pledged to unite into "a civil body politic" and agreed to make and abide by laws that "insured the general Good of the Colony." What founding document did this set a precedent for? - correct answer>>U.S. Constitution "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." Which of the following contains a clause that may have served as an inspiration for the above language? - correct answer>>Northwest Ordinances The U.S. Supreme Court enabled which government practices to continue in its ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson? - correct answer>>Segregating public facilities Which of the following statements regarding the Monroe Doctrine is accurate? - correct answer>>The Monroe Doctrine prohibited future European colonization in the Western Hemisphere Which of the following cases resulted in a decision that undermined civil rights and liberties in prioritization of national security? - correct answer>>Korematsu v. United States A person is arrested for burglary. The police question him for hours, which results in a confession. The police did not inform him he could have an attorney present during questioning. Which Supreme Court case could make his confession be excluded from evidence in court? - correct answer>>Gideon v. Wainwright According to the Constitution, the __________ has the power to approve all treaties the United States enters with other nations. - correct answer>>Senate Congress is sometimes said to possess the "power of the purse." What is meant by this saying? - correct answer>>Only Congress has the power to tax and spend Which of the following holds office for life or until retirement? - correct answer>>a Supreme Court justice
What is lobbying? - correct answer>>communicating with government officials to persuade them to support a particular policy position Why are there currently 435 members in the House of Representatives? - correct answer>>The number is fixed at this limit by a statute
