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First Responders Mid Term Study Guide
chapter 1 - ANS>intro to ems According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) of the United States Department of Transportation, how many key attributes are there in an integrated EMS system? a. 5 b. 15 c. 10 d. 14 - ANS>d. An Emergency Medical Responder possesses all of the following skills EXCEPT: a. defibrillation. b. oxygen administration. c. medication administration. d. bleeding control. - ANS>c. medication administration
- The ________ is involved in quality improvement and protocol development.
a. Medical Director b. chief of the emergency department c. EMT d. agency administrator - ANS>medical director
- A 47-year-old patient has been injured in a serious motor vehicle crash. Which is the most appropriate specialty hospital for this patient? a. Pediatric center b. Trauma center c. Cardiovascular care center d. Stroke center - ANS>trauma center The highest level of EMS provider is: a. Advanced Emergency Medical Technician. b. Emergency Medical Technician. c. Emergency Transport Technician. d. Paramedic. - ANS>paramedic
- One of the important components of the medical legal standards in patient care is: a. confidentiality.
c. Patient care d. Traffic control - ANS>personal safety
- Demeanor is part of professionalism for the Emergency Medical Responder, and it has which of the following as an attribute? a. Advanced education b. A take-charge attitude c. Fearlessness d. Respect - ANS>respect Scenario The Call: First on Scene Read the scenario. Then, in the space provided, answer the questions that follow. You and your partner are assigned to EMS Unit 5 one morning in September. At 10:35 A.M., the emergency dispatcher directs you to a collision on Pumpkin Hollow Road. Someone called to report that the car ahead of her had swerved to avoid a dog, gone off the road, plunged into a ditch, and hit a tree. Dispatch reports that an ambulance is en route and will arrive on scene in about 15 minutes.
Your unit pulls up to the scene six minutes later. After determining that the scene is safe to enter, you approach the crash site. As you don your personal protective equipment, you focus on the young man sitting on the ground beside the crashed car. His shirt and pants are soaked with blood. He is apparently alert and is holding his wrist tightly with his other hand. The patient tells you that after the crash, he ha - ANS>1. a 911 dispatcher, Emergency Medical Responders, Paramedics, a Medical Director, and a hospital emergency department
- What roles/responsibilities and examples of professionalism for an Emergency Medical Responder are demonstrated in this scenario? - ANS>Possible answers include the following: personal safety, patient assessment and administering of care, maintaining a caring and compassionate attitude, continuity of care, emotional support, and communications.
- The ___________ of __________ __________ is a national model that defines the scope of care for all levels of EMS training. - ANS>scope;practice model
- In general, the ____________ ____________ ____________ system is a network of resources, from 911
- There are four levels of training. They are ____________, ____________, ____________, and ____________. - ANS>Emergency Medical Responder, Emergency Medical Technician, Advanced EMT, Paramedic
- At the next level of EMS training after Emergency Medical Responder, the ____________ can also perform complex immobilization procedures, restrain patients, and staff and drive ambulances. - ANS>Emergency Medical Technician
- ____________ ____________ involves a physician Medical Director in quality improvement and developing protocols. - ANS>medical oversight ________ 1. As an Emergency Medical Responder, you provide emergency care that comforts a patient at the height of crisis. - ANS>true ________ 2. In addition to education about injury prevention, EMS systems can collect data to identify trends related to illness and injury rates in a community.
________ 3. As an Emergency Medical Responder, you must consider your own safety only after you have provided emergency care to your patients. - ANS>false ________ 4. Being well dressed and groomed is not important to the professional responsibilities of an Emergency Medical Responder. - ANS>false ________ 5. All areas of the country have 911 systems. - ANS>flase ________ 6. You have a responsibility both morally and legally to protect the privacy of your patient. - ANS>true ________ 7. Professionalism means, in the most important sense, that the Emergency Medical Responder is perceived as a caring and competent member of the EMS system. - ANS>true ________ 8. One of the factors in professionalism is patient advocacy. - ANS>true ________ 9. As an Emergency Medical Responder, you have no limits on what you can say to a patient or a
A(n) ________ is a legal document that outlines instructions regarding a patient's medical decisions. a. breach of duty b. power of attorney c. advance directive d. release of confidence - ANS>advanced directives If a competent adult refuses your care but you then provide it against his will, you could be charged with: a. inadvertence. b. abandonment. c. negligence. d. battery. - ANS>battery Failure to perform a required assessment or treatment or the incorrect performance of an action is a(n): a. proximate causation. b. breach of duty. c. abandonment. d. disregard of proper action. - ANS>breach
The law that protects the confidentiality of protected health information is commonly called: a. HIPAA. b. SEPA. c. INPRO. d. H-ACT. - ANS>HIPAA An Emergency Medical Responder's legal obligation to provide emergency care is referred to as a(n): a. duty to act. b. scope of care. c. implied consent. d. standard of care. - ANS>duty to act In an emergency in which a patient is so severely injured that a clear decision cannot be made, you have the right to provide care based on ________ consent. a. implied b. expressed c. guardian d. minor's - ANS>implied
standard precautions, grab your jump kit, and step out of your vehicle. Just then a woman runs from the house, screaming for you to help her husband. When you enter the house, you immediately see a police officer and overturned chairs, broken lamps, and a trail of blood leading into the next room. Following the officer's directions, you find a man, appearing to be in his mid-50s, lying on the floor and bleeding. His wife is behind you, yelling that someone broke into the house and shot him. - ANS> What instructions should you give to the rest of your crew before they enter the scene? - ANS>Quickly remind your crew members to touch only those things that must be touched to properly care for the patient. Nothing else should be moved or touched if at all possible, and the things that are touched or moved should be reported to the responding police officers. What are some ways in which you can assist the police, even while performing patient care? - ANS>Types of assistance may include the following:
- Observe and document anything unusual at the scene.
- Touch only what you need to touch.
- Move only to provide Emergency Medical Responder care and only what you need to move to protect yourself, other rescuers, and the patient.
- Do not use the telephone until the police give you permission to do so.
- Move the patient only if he is in danger or must be moved for you to provide care.
- If possible, do not cut through holes in the patient's clothing.
- Communicate your actions and observations of the scene to law enforcement. ____________ are written guidelines or instructions that describe appropriate assessment and care in specific situations. - ANS>protocols A(n) ____________ minor is one who is married, pregnant, a parent, or in the armed forces, or who has the rights of an adult with permission of the courts. - ANS>emancipated An advance ____________, such as a DNR order, is written prior to an emergency and must be signed by both the patient and a physician. - ANS>directive
____________ consent may be applied when an unresponsive patient is at risk of death, disability, or deterioration of condition. - ANS>implied ________ An advance directive is a legal document that can appoint a person to make medical decisions for a patient who is unable to do so. - ANS>true ________ Abandonment allows an Emergency Medical Responder to leave a patient before an ambulance arrives for transport as long as the patient is not seriously sick or injured. - ANS>false ________ Breach of duty is a failure to perform a required assessment or treatment or the incorrect performance of an action. - ANS>true ________ When you enter a crime scene to provide patient care, you do not need to be concerned about destroying evidence because patient care is all that matters. - ANS>false
________ If an Emergency Medical Responder is a mandatory reporter for a suspected crime, he/she still can't disclose patient information unless he/she is ordered to do so by a judge's order. - ANS>false ________ Scope of practice is a set of regulations and laws that designate how an Emergency Medical Responder legally functions. - ANS>true ________ Protocols are verbal instructions given over the radio that are universal to all emergency medical situations. - ANS>false ________ A 10-year-old who has been hit on his bicycle can be treated by Emergency Medical Responders if he is alert enough to give expressed consent. - ANS>false ________ Patients with an altered mental status should not be allowed to refuse care. - ANS>true ________ The Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Under the right conditions, pathogens can enter the body, multiply, and produce harmful effects. Which of the following is NOT a way they enter the body? a. ingestion b. injection c. absorption d. exculpation - ANS>exculpation Infections are caused by organisms such as __________ and___________. a. viruses, bacteria b. viruses, tuberculosis c. pathogens, bacteria d. bacteria, meningitis - ANS>viruses, bacteria Which of the following is are all types of personal protective equipment (PPE)? a. uniform, synthetic gloves, gowns b. face masks, gowns, alcohol-based hand cleaner c. uniform, alcohol-based hand cleaner, eye protection d. face masks, synthetic gloves, eye protection - ANS>d. face masks, synthetic gloves, eye protection
To ensure they are not carriers, Emergency Medical Responders should be screened for: a. tuberculosis. b. tetanus. c. hepatitis. d. HIV. - ANS>tuberculosis. It is critical that all Emergency Medical Responders wear ________ whenever a patient is suspected of having tuberculosis. a. eye shields or goggles b. a HEPA respirator or N95 mask c. a disposable gown and mask d. impervious boots and a helmet - ANS>eye shields or goggles If hand washing is indicated but you are in the field without soap and water available, what should you do? a. Wear gloves until soap and water are available b. Do nothing now, but make sure that gloves are used on the next call c. Take yourself out of service until soap and water can be found
