Download Islamic Architecture and Culture: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Anthropology of religion in PDF only on Docsity!
Mosque
"Masjid" in Arabic -"Place of Prostration" - Mosque is not exactly necessary, aspect to further faith Simple design (Inside) -empty inside -no pictures > distracting from worship Ornate outside -Minaret outside TERM 2
Minaret
DEFINITION 2 Tower next to the Mosque - where a muezzin goes to call Muslims to prayer TERM 3
Muezzin
DEFINITION 3 A muezzin (Turkish mezzin from Arabic: mu-ain) is a chosen person at the mosque who leads the call to prayer -Friday service and the five daily prayers (salat) from one of the mosque's minarets -in most modern mosques, electronic amplification aids the muezzins TERM 4
Imam
DEFINITION 4 "prayer leader" -can only be male Leader of the Mosque/ Muslim community TERM 5
Mullah
DEFINITION 5 Scholars of Islam -Theory and Law -Shi'ites especially
Mufti
Interpreter of Sharia (Islamic Law) -Sunni especially TERM 7
Madrassah
DEFINITION 7 Muslim Schools - Curriculum: Qur'an, Theology, and Law TERM 8
Nabi vs. Rasul
DEFINITION 8 Nabi is a general prophet -one to whom Allah has spoken Rasul is much more highly revered -they are supposed to deliver a specific message TERM 9
Sunni vs. Shi'ite
DEFINITION 9 Split over the decision for new Caliph after Muhammad Sunni:"tradition" "concensus" -Leader chosen by concensus of the Ummah (Muslim Community) Shi'ite: "partisan" -leader related to Muhammad (True Imam) -More authoritatiran TERM 10
Madhi
DEFINITION 10 Heir of Husayn -Will come before the Day of Judgement - Will be joined by Issah (Jesus)
Hadith
"report" or "tradition"; contain reports of Muhammad's life to guide Muslims; extend, explain, supplement the Qur'an. Multiple collections, NOT scripture. TERM 17
Ablutions
DEFINITION 17 ritual cleansing before entering holy places, Mosques TERM 18
Halal vs. Haram
DEFINITION 18 Follow the concept of pollution vs purity. Halal is pure, while haram is polluted. Muslims try to maintain purity, and will only eat halal food (similar to the jewish concept of keeping kosher) TERM 19
Eid-al-Fitr
DEFINITION 19 3 day period of time that marks the end of fasting for Ramadan TERM 20
Hijab
DEFINITION 20 "veiling", keeps women veiled from larger world. (Qur'an 53:54). Different degrees: cover hair (most common), cover face, and cover body (burka; Saudi Arabia/ Afghanistan). Common in Middle-East pre-Islam; part of culture.
Sufis
Mystics of Islam. Suffi comes from Arabic word "suf" meaning wool, which is what the prophets wore, and the poor; focus more on spirit than physical. TERM 22
Dhikr
DEFINITION 22 "Remembrance". State of altered consciousness focused on Allah acheived through repeated chanting, physical movements, and breathing. TERM 23
Fana
DEFINITION 23 "annhiliation"; aspect of Suffi Islam which strives to remove the ego, resulting in the Suffi to Allah as a moth to a flame (analogy). TERM 24
Rumi
DEFINITION 24 Poet and musician who lived from 1207-1273 CE. He founded a branch of Suffism known as the "Whirling Dervishes" TERM 25
"Whirling Dervishes"
DEFINITION 25 sect of Suffi Islam founded by Rumi. Their practices involve whirling and dances. They will often spin around a leader in a cicrle to represent the planets and the sun. They beleive the path to Allah is through love and beauty. They are known to recite the 99 beautiful names of Allah as a practice.
Wahhabis
*** DID NOT FIND IN NOTES *** ultra conservative branch of Islam; very strict, follows tradition and opposes innovation
