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Orthodoxy vs Orthopraxy
Orthodoxy stresses beleif. For Orthodox religions, correct beleif is the central point of the religion. Creeds (from Latin "Credo"- statement of beleif) over deeds Orthopraxy stresses practice. For Orthoprax religions, good deeds are the central point. Deeds over creeds. TERM 2
Christos
DEFINITION 2 Greek for Christ, the messiah of Christianity. Refers to God incarnate- "God-Man" TERM 3
Jesus
DEFINITION 3 Messiah for Christians; Christ. TERM 4
"Radical Ethic"
DEFINITION 4 Egalitarian concept that is a fundemental aspect of Christianity. Stresses caring for all people, especially less fortunate. This includes sick, poor, elderly, etc. TERM 5
Parables
DEFINITION 5 Symbolic, simple stories used to teach a lesson or a moral, which is not explicit but hidden; must be thought about. Jesus used parables to teach his followers; ex: "Good Samaritan"
Crucifixion
Roman (not Jewish) method of punishment for political threats to the Roman emipre. This marks Jesus as a threat to Roman rule. TERM 7
Paul
DEFINITION 7 First real Christian Theologian. He was originally "Saul", a pharasy opposed to the Christian movement, but had a conversion experience which caused him to go blind. Afterwhich he adopted the name Paul. He is known for his writings in the Bible, as well as preaching to non-jews about Jesus, opening up the new movement and helping it spread and growing its foundations as its own religion seperate from Judaism. TERM 8
Ichtus
DEFINITION 8 Secret symbol for Christians during their time of persecution. It is an acronym for "Jesus Christ Son of God". It manifests in a simple symbol of a fish. TERM 9
Constantine
DEFINITION 9 Roman ruler who experienced a conversion experience during battle where "under this banner, you shall conquer". Symbol was XP for "Christos". Took up cross on shields, and converted ending the empire-wide persection of Christians (Edict of Milan). TERM 10
Edict of Milan
DEFINITION 10 Legislation under the ruler Constantine after his conversion experience which declared Christians equal rights under Roman Rule and ended the persecution in 313 CE.
City of God
Book written by Augustine. It influenced western politics, as a view of history from a Christian perspective. The book emphasizes a distinction between an earthly city and a heavenly city, in which the earthly city looks up to the heavenly. TERM 17
"Original Sin"
DEFINITION 17 Concept of the human situation. Humans are incurably sinful as a part of their original disposition, and their only hope is the mercy of God who offers salvation to only a few who he chooses. TERM 18
Role of Relics
DEFINITION 18 Especially in Catholocism, there is magic within relics. They are often dedicated to saints and are still important today. Many are still held in the Vatican, such as bones of saints and wood from the cross. TERM 19
Eastern Orthodoxy vs. Western Catholicism
DEFINITION 19 Major schism in Christianity over the issue of the pope. The Roman Pope and the Pope of Constantinople ecommunicated eachother. The Major differences are: E.O.- greek language, mystical doctrine, decentralized authority, non realistic icons for devotion, and preists can marry. The religion is very conservative. W.C.- latin language, pragmatic doctrine, centralized authority with rigid heirarchy, realistic statues for devotion, and celebate preists. TERM 20
The Papacy
DEFINITION 20 The Pope in the vatican, essentially the leader of Christianity.
Crusades
Christian Holy Wars in from the 11th-13th centuries against Islamic nations and peoples. The Christian Church viewed Islam as a threat. In 1095, when the Pope declared war, Turkey took Jerusalem, and then Christians took Jerusalem back. This was the most successful crusade. The crusades are important for introducing Greek learning to the west. TERM 22
Aquinas
DEFINITION 22 Medeival Christian thinker who lived from 1225-1274. He wrote Magna Opus which outlined Catholicism. He combined religion with Aristotlean methods to prove reason was not antithetical to faith. However, he said that reason was not enough, because you need revelation to bring salvation.
