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Mokh
A contraceptive device used by Jewish women dating back to rabbinic times TERM 2
Tkhines
DEFINITION 2 These are supplications-personal private prayers usually written in Yiddish for use by Jewish women in the 17th and 18th centuries, at first most of these prayers were thought to have been written by men; reflecting womens concerns and rituals. These supplications were to be used in the privacy of their own homes at times convenient for them TERM 3
Firgozerin
DEFINITION 3 In the early modern period, a learned woman who lead the womens section of the synagogue in ritual and prayer, often tkihines TERM 4
Tsenerena
DEFINITION 4 This was called the womens Bible, it contained homilies on the Torah portion of the week, recited in the Womens section of the synagogue; first published around 1600 TERM 5
Haskalah
DEFINITION 5 the Jewish Enlightenment, which emerged in Europe in the early 19th Century
Maskilm
Jewish adherents of the Haskalah TERM 7
Shtetl
DEFINITION 7 a type of village in Europe where Jews lived in the 17th to 19th centuries TERM 8
Yiddish
DEFINITION 8 this was the language of the Jews communities in the Diaspora; most common version of Yiddish was that spoken in Germany, Poland, and Russia, which was a combination of Hebrew and German. TERM 9
Mehitzah
DEFINITION 9 the separation barrier erected in Orthodox synagogues to separate the mens and womens sections of the sanctuary TERM 10
Kaddish
DEFINITION 10 Prayer said in memory of the dead during periods of mourning and on the anniversary of death
Kvutzah
the precursor of the kibbutz; small collective farm where all share in the working and governing of the farm. Usually 20-30 members TERM 17
Kibbutz
DEFINITION 17 Collective farms in established in the pre-state Israel beginning around 1906, founded upon principles of socialism and gender equality TERM 18
Aliyah
DEFINITION 18 This has two meanings. One is to be called up to the Torah; 2) to emigrate to Israel with the intention of making it ones permanent home TERM 19
Hadassah
DEFINITION 19 First womens Zionist organization in the United States, founded by Henrietta Szold in 1912. It was focused on bringing health care and other services to women and children in the Yishuv and later Israel. TERM 20
Reform Judaism
DEFINITION 20 A branch of Judaism that emerged in 18th century Europe and posed the first direct challenge to the authority of traditional Judaism; it is the second largest movement in Judaism in America today
