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First step in the examination of data is
to:
organize and summarize
TERM 2
Normal curve characteristics:
DEFINITION 2
UnimodalBell ShapedSymmetrical
TERM 3
3 measures of central
tendency
DEFINITION 3
MeanMedianMode
TERM 4
Unlike the mean,
median...
DEFINITION 4
is unaffected by extreme scores
TERM 5
When one measures mean, median or mode
they are measuring
DEFINITION 5
a typical score that represents the entire group
3 measures of
dispersion:
range, standard deviation, variance
TERM 7
T test for independent means tests two...
DEFINITION 7
different groups of individuals
TERM 8
What is SD's relation to variance
DEFINITION 8
SD is variance squaredSquare root of variance is SD
TERM 9
How many means compared in ANOVA
DEFINITION 9
more than 2
TERM 10
When do we reject H0 in ANOVA
DEFINITION 10
when any mean is different from the others
Theory
a comprehensive explanation for a feature of nature
supported by facts and studies over time
TERM 17
Independent variable
DEFINITION 17
causal factor manipulated by experimenter
TERM 18
Dependent variable
DEFINITION 18
effect of the independent variable
TERM 19
Extraneous variables
DEFINITION 19
Confounds, may have influence on dependent variable but
are not primarily of interest
TERM 20
Operational definition:
DEFINITION 20
describes or defines a variable in terms of operations or
techniques used to measure it
Equal interval
values are numbers equal to those measured, IQ
TERM 22
Ordinal
DEFINITION 22
Values are ranks, olympics
TERM 23
Nominal
DEFINITION 23
categorical, hair color
TERM 24
Between group design
DEFINITION 24
design in which participants are only in one condition
TERM 25
Within group design
DEFINITION 25
aka repeated measuresparticipants in all conditionscarry
over effects - counterbalancing
Effect implies
that
there is a change that would have not otherwise occurred,
compared to control group aka counterfactual inferencing
TERM 32
Quasi
Experiment
DEFINITION 32
uses non random assignment, non manipulable variables
TERM 33
In a correlational design...
DEFINITION 33
variables are analyzed in terms of strength and direction in
order to see if they have a pattern of relatedness
TERM 34
You cannot infer causation
if
DEFINITION 34
independent variable is not manipulable
TERM 35
Longitudinal designs occur
DEFINITION 35
over many years
Cross sectional design
more compact than longitudinal, uses different age groups at
same point in time
TERM 37
Qualitative design
DEFINITION 37
case study
TERM 38
Case studies are un...
DEFINITION 38
(un)representative of reality
TERM 39
r
DEFINITION 39
strength is independent of positive or negative sign.-0.70 is
stronger than 0.
TERM 40
reliability
DEFINITION 40
consistency of a measurement scale
convergent
validity
do your test results correlate with tests that are supposedly
related
TERM 47
Divergent validity:
DEFINITION 47
are results different than tests it should not correlate to?
TERM 48
Replication
DEFINITION 48
repeat earlier experiment with different people and
circumstances
TERM 49
Cognitive neuroscience
DEFINITION 49
the study of thought process as it relates to brain functions
TERM 50
Corpus callosum
DEFINITION 50
tract that divides into R/L hemisphere
Limbic system includes
Amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus
TERM 52
Hippocampus is associated with
DEFINITION 52
new memory formation
TERM 53
Hypothalamus is associated with
DEFINITION 53
thirst and hunger
TERM 54
Amygdala is associated with
DEFINITION 54
fear, disgust, anger
TERM 55
Circadian rhythm associated with
DEFINITION 55
SCN (suprachiasmatic mucleus) of hypothalamus
What's plasticity
ability of brain to reorganize itself in response to damage
TERM 62
What's the CNS made of
DEFINITION 62
brain and spinal cord
TERM 63
Does the sympathetic nervous system
respond in same way to mental threats (v.
physical)
DEFINITION 63
yes!
TERM 64
Endocrine glands secrete into
DEFINITION 64
bloodstreammmmmmm
TERM 65
Neurological pain increased when
DEFINITION 65
more receptors fireorreceptors fire more rapidly
lesion
surgical destruction (debatable) of brain tissue
TERM 67
synapse
DEFINITION 67
synaptic party between the receiving and sending neuron:be
there at 12:30 Th
TERM 68
temporal summation
DEFINITION 68
excitatory post synaptic potentials arrive at post synaptic
neuron super quick (cause they're all so excited) and cause
an action potential
TERM 69
Interneurons
DEFINITION 69
connect motor and sensory
TERM 70
Neurotransmitters are gotten rid of
by
DEFINITION 70
degradationreuptake
Neuronal stimulation that exceeds
threshold
fires the same action potential
TERM 77
Nodes of Ranvier
DEFINITION 77
unmyelinated portion of ion, where saltatory conduction
takes place
TERM 78
Synaptic buttons
DEFINITION 78
swellings at ends of axon terminals
TERM 79
Santiago Ramon y
Cajal
DEFINITION 79
Neuron doctrine
TERM 80
Displayed the effect of role playing on
attitudes
DEFINITION 80
pass go and go straight to jail. With Zimbardo.
People will readily conform to social roles
they play especially if
the roles are strongly stereotyped
TERM 82
When in position of
power
DEFINITION 82
people act in ways they normally wouldnt.
TERM 83
Peer pressure causes
DEFINITION 83
Conformity
TERM 84
Why do people conform
DEFINITION 84
they want to be liked by group, believe group is better
informed
TERM 85
Who demonstrated conformity to group, when
group is clearly wrong
DEFINITION 85
soloman aschhhh
Sociocultural perspective:
behavior is heavily dependent on social norms and culture
TERM 92
Milgrams experiment
DEFINITION 92
people more likely to administer high level of shock when
participant in other room
TERM 93
Bystander effect
DEFINITION 93
help is inversely related to number of people available
TERM 94
Diffusion of responsibility
DEFINITION 94
We feel less responsible to do something when we're in a
group
TERM 95
Mere exposure effect
DEFINITION 95
people develop preference for things the more they're
around them
Tell me about superordinate
goals
superordinate goals that are achieved when two or more
groups must work together to accomplish a task, shown in
sherif robbers
TERM 97
confirmation bias
DEFINITION 97
look for information that confirms your view, and may
disregard information that opposes it
TERM 98
overgeneralized beliefs underlying prejudices
DEFINITION 98
stereotypes
TERM 99
Personal behavior is most likely to adhere
with attitudes when
DEFINITION 99
social and external factors are minimized
TERM 100
humans are more likely to make social
comparisons when
DEFINITION 100
situation is uncertain orinformation difficult to obtain
