Download Final Identification Terms | HIST 1013 - World Civilization III and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity!
Ubermensh
Term meaning overman/superman by Friedrich Nietzsche. The term is from an argument blaming Western society's problems on Christianity thus stating, "God is dead." What he argues is that God is a construct that has outlived its purpose- religion only serves to restrain mankind from greater things. TERM 2
theory of relativity
DEFINITION 2 The theory of relativity, or simply relativity, encompasses two theories of Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity. In special relativity, energy is equivalent to an object's mass multiplied by the squared amount of speed of light. In general relativity, this holds cultural value in the belief that everything is relative and that there is need to understand cultural diversity because no one way is right. TERM 3
Impressionism, Expressionism, Cubism
DEFINITION 3 Impressionism is the play of light over time. Expressionism is artwork that reveals the artist's feelings. Cubism is the complete distortion of perspective. These were derrived from the artists rejection by the Academy and thus created a revolution in painting. TERM 4
"Twenty-One Demands", "May Fourth
Movement"
DEFINITION 4 A set of demands that Japan put on China. Of these demands, they requested German land. This prompted China to join the Allies in the World War under a pact that China would obtain the land requested by Japan. After the war, the land was given to Japan regardless of the agreement between the Allies and China which prompted the May Fourth Movement in reaction. TERM 5
Gallipoli
DEFINITION 5 Listed as an outcome of World War One, the ANZAC Spirit was created. It was stated that soldiers from Australia and New Zealand possessed great characteristics at war.
Zimmerman telegram
The Zimmermann Telegram, dispatched by Germany and intercepted by Britain was disclosed to the United States and prompted them to go to war on Germany for calling Mexico to war in an attempt to distract United States. Mexico would be awarded with land annexed in the Mexian-American War. TERM 7
Carl Von Clausewitz, On War
DEFINITION 7 Clausewitz proclaimed that war was just "politics by other means." What Europe did not know was that with modern technology and advances, they had outgrown this claim because it had disregard for the high death tolls that came about after war. Many countries believed they would go to war for a few weeks to a few months and return home with minimal losses, this was not the case however. TERM 8
Central Powers vs. Allied Powers
DEFINITION 8 Central Powers included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. Allied Powers included Russia, United States, France and Britain. This Alliance System helped lead to World War One because when one country went to war, they all went to war like a domino effect. TERM 9
trench warfare
DEFINITION 9 Trench warfare is a form of warfare in which both combatants occupied fighting lines, consisting largely of trenches, in which troops were largely immune to the enemy's small arms fire and were substantially sheltered from artillery. Used on the Western front of World War One. TERM 10
Armenian Massacre
DEFINITION 10 The Armenian Genocide refers to the deliberate and systematic destruction (genocide) of the Armenian (Christian) population of the Ottoman Empire (Mostly Muslim) during and just after World War One.
Sun Yat-Sen
Sun Yat-sen was the first modern Chinese revolutionary and political leader. TERM 17
Guernica
DEFINITION 17 Guernica is a painting by Pablo Picasso in 1937 that depicted the brutality of the Spanish War. TERM 18
"Rape of Nanking"
DEFINITION 18 The Nanking Massacre or Nanjing Massacre, also known as the Rape of Nanking, was a six-week period following the Japanese capture of the city of Nanjing (Nanking), the former capital of the Republic of China, on December 13, 1937. During this period, hundreds of thousands of civilians were murdered and 20,000- 80,000 women were raped by soldiers of the Imperial Japanese Army. Shows the sheer brutality and darkness of mankind. TERM 19
Axis Powers vs. Allied Powers
DEFINITION 19 Axis Powers included Italy, Germany, and Japan. Allied Powers included U.S., U.S.S.R., and the British Empire.
