Download Key Terms and Definitions in 20th Century US and World History and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity!
Red Scare
The rounding up and deportation of several hundred immigrants of radical political views by the federal government in 1919 and 1920 TERM 2
Weimar, Germany
DEFINITION 2 Parliamentary republic established in 1919 to replace imperialism TERM 3
Sacco and Venzetti
DEFINITION 3 two anarchists who were convicted of a robbery and two murders in Massachusetts in the early 1920s and sentenced to death, even though many believe this was because of their political views and not evidence against them TERM 4
1924 immigration act
DEFINITION 4 U.S. federal law that limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country 2% of the number of people from that coundtry who were already living in the United States in 1890- Johnson-Reed Act TERM 5
Scopes Monkey Trial
DEFINITION 5 American legal case that tested the Butler Act which made it unlawful to teach any thoughts on the origin of man other than the biblical account of man's origin
William Jennings Bryan
Claiming to be the candidate of the ordinary American, lost three presidential elections as a Democrat, but gathered substantial votes in the South and West Cross of Gold Speech TERM 7
Clarence Darrow
DEFINITION 7 Lawyer and author known for his defense of unpopular causes and persons, Defense attorney in the Scope's trial TERM 8
Flappers
DEFINITION 8 young woman, in 1920 who showed disdain for conventional dress and behavior TERM 9
18th ammendment
DEFINITION 9 prohibition, made alcohol illegal to purchase or transport TERM 10
Washington naval Conference
DEFINITION 10 conducted outside the auspices of the League of Nations, it was attended by nune nations having interest in the Pacific Ocean and East Asia- Soviet Russia was not invited- called by President Warren G
"Brown Shirts"
Nazis, especially a storm troopers TERM 17
Beer Hall Putsch
DEFINITION 17 failed attempt by Hitler to seize power in Munich for Nazi party TERM 18
Mein Kampf
DEFINITION 18 "my struggle" book by Hitler written in prison outlining his political philosophy and plan for German conquest TERM 19
Lebensraum
DEFINITION 19 additional territory deemed necessary to a nation, especially Nazi Germany, for its continued existence or economic well- being TERM 20
Fuhrer
DEFINITION 20 "leader or guide" in Germany, Title of Hitler
Reichstag Fire
anarson attack on the Reichstag building in Berling on 27 February 1933. The even is seen as a pivotal in the establishment of Nazi Germany TERM 22
Enabling Act
DEFINITION 22 provision in a law that confers on appropriate officials the power to implement or enforce the law TERM 23
Joseph Gobbels
DEFINITION 23 German Nazi propaganda minister (1933-1945) who exploited the German media to launch propaganda against the Jews and other groups TERM 24
"Night of the Long Knives"
DEFINITION 24 purge that took place in Nazi Germany between June 30 and July 2, 1934, when the Nazi regime carried out a series of political executions TERM 25
SS
DEFINITION 25 Nazi forces, short for "storm troopers"
Spanish Civil War
war fought in the late 1930s in Spain. On one side were the Loyalists, on the other side were fascists TERM 32
General Francisco Franco
DEFINITION 32 Spanish military general, and dictator of Spain from 1936 TERM 33
Abraham Lincoln Brigade
DEFINITION 33 The Abraham Lincoln Brigade refers to volunteers from the United States who served in the Spanish Civil War in the International Brigades. TERM 34
Condor Legion
DEFINITION 34 unit composed of volunteers from the German air force and from the German Army. used terror bombings that were used widley in the second world war TERM 35
Guernica
DEFINITION 35 basque town in northern spain; bombed and destroy in 1937 by German planes helping the insurgents in the Spanish Civil War
Axis
The three major Axis powers- Germany, Japan and Italy were part of a military alliance on the signing of the Tripartite Pact in Sept 1940 TERM 37
Anschluss
DEFINITION 37 a political union, especially the one nifying Nazi Germany and Austria in 1938 TERM 38
Sudetenland
DEFINITION 38 region of the northern Czech Republic along the Polish border long inhabited by ethnic Germans, it was seized by the Nazis in Sept 1938 TERM 39
Munich Conference
DEFINITION 39 The Munich Pact (; ; ; ; ) was an agreement permitting Nazi German annexation of Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland. TERM 40
Neville Chamberlain
DEFINITION 40 British prime minister who tried to avoid war between Britain and Germany by negotiating the Munich Pact in 1938
Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact
a treaty made by Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 that opened both nations to invade Poland TERM 47
Blitzkrieg
DEFINITION 47 a form of warfare used by German forces in World War II. In a Blitzkrieg troops in vehicles, such as tanks, made quick surprise strikes with support from airplanes. Lead to victory in France TERM 48
Winston Churchill
DEFINITION 48 symbolized the fierce determination of the British to resist conquest by Germans and Adolf Hitler TERM 49
Battle of Britain
DEFINITION 49 the series of aerial combats that took place between British and German aircraft during Autumn 1940 TERM 50
Lend-Lease
DEFINITION 50 the transfer of goods and services to an ally to aid in a common cause
Stalingrad
Volgograd (; ), formerly called Tsaritsyn () (1589-1925) and Stalingrad () (1925-1961) is an important industrial city and the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. a city in the Southwest Russian federation- industrial city- on the Volga River- Battle TERM 52
Dwight Eisenhower
DEFINITION 52 U.S. general who supervised the invasion of Normandy and the defeat of Nazi Germany TERM 53
Wannasee Conference
DEFINITION 53 meting of senior officials of the nazi Germany regime, held in the Berlin suburb Wannasee on January 20, 1949 TERM 54
Final Solution
DEFINITION 54 the Nazi program of annihilating the Jes of Europe during the Reich TERM 55
Einsatzgruppen
DEFINITION 55 were SS paramilitary death squads that took part in the systematic killing of mostly civilians including jews, communists, intellectuals, and others
Battle of Midway
American planes based on land and on carriers decisively defeated a Japanese fleet on its way to invade the midway islands TERM 62
Kamikazees
DEFINITION 62 member of a special corps in the Japanese Air force charged w/suicidal mission of crashing an aircraft laden with explosives into an enemy target TERM 63
Okinawa
DEFINITION 63 an island group of the center Ryuku islands in the western Pacific Ocean SW of Japan in WWII- largest island in the group was the sum of fierce combat between the Jap and U.S. army TERM 64
Tehran Conference
DEFINITION 64 First WWII conference amongst the Big Three (Sov. Union, U.S., U.K.) in which stalin was present TERM 65
Yalta conference
DEFINITION 65 Feb 1945 where Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill planned the final stages of WWII and agreed to he territorial division of Europe
Harry S Truman
33rd president who authorized use of atomic bomb against Japan TERM 67
Postdam Conference
DEFINITION 67 summer of 1945 Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill drew up plans for the administration of Poland and Germany after WWII ended TERM 68
George Kennan
DEFINITION 68 writings inspired Truman doctrine and US. Foreign policy of "containing" the Soviet Union, thrusting himself into a lifelong role as a leading authority in the Cold War. Wrote the "long telegram" TERM 69
Long Telegram
DEFINITION 69 5,500 words from Moscow to Secretary of State James Byrnes outlining a new strategy on how to handle diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union TERM 70
X Article
DEFINITION 70 The X Article, formally titled The Sources of Soviet Conduct, was published in Foreign Affairs magazine in July 1947. The article was written by George F.
Korean War
fought between N. Korea aided by communist China and South Korea aided by U.S. and UK and other UN members TERM 77
McCarthyism
DEFINITION 77 the practice of publicizing accusations of political disloyalty or subversion w/insufficient regard to evidence TERM 78
Alger Hiss
DEFINITION 78 official in Dept of state who in 1948 was accused by a former communist, Whittaker Chambers, of having been a secret agent for Soviet Union TERM 79
Whitaker Chambers
DEFINITION 79 American journalist and one time member of the communist party who testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee TERM 80
Eisenhower Doctrine
DEFINITION 80 country could request American eonomic assistant and aid from US military forces if it was being threatened by armed aggression from another country
Hungary Uprising
spontaneous nation wide revolt against Govt of the People's Republic of Hungary and its Soviet Union- imposed policies TERM 82
Cuban Missile Crisis
DEFINITION 82 confrontation between the US and the Soviet Union in 1962 over the presence of missile sites in Cuba TERM 83
Fidel Castro
DEFINITION 83 Cuban revolutionary leader who overthrew the regime of the dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959 and soon after established communism TERM 84
Diem Bien Phu
DEFINITION 84 town of NW Vietnam near Laos border. The French military base here feel to Vietnam troops TERM 85
Geneva Conference
DEFINITION 85 conference between various countries that ended the Indo China War... in Switzerland
Mikail Gorbachev
Communist Soviet Union Leader that south to revive the ailing soviet economy by introducing capitalist competition
