Download Final | HIST 1483 - United States, 1492 to 1865 and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity!
Texas Independence - reasons for
Mexico was fearful of Texas becoming part of the United States Americans started outnumbering Mexicans 2-1 and decided to make legal immigration illegal. Didn't do much, repealed in 1833. Mexico divided into 2 factions An independence movement was led by Sam Houston Texas gained independence in 1836 TERM 2
Frederick Douglas
DEFINITION 2 Born into slavery in Maryland Was taught the alphabet at 12, and learned to read from white children in his neighborhood Escaped from William Freeland Became an abolitionist, orator, preacher, writer and statesmen He opposed the idea that slaves weren't as smart as their masters First AA to run for vice president Believed in Equality for every many and woman in the U.S. TERM 3
Stephen A Douglas &
railroads
DEFINITION 3 Was an avid promoter of railroad expansion and devised the land grant to fund the Illinois Central railroad His intention was to link the north and the south together so that regional economies could be integrated and sectional tensions could be reduced. TERM 4
Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
DEFINITION 4 Created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska Had an effect of repealing the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and allowed settlers popular sovereignty to determine if they would or wouldn't allow slavery This act also led to 'Bleeding Kansas' due to the anti- slavery and pro-slavery elements flooding into Kansas TERM 5
Uncle Tom's Cabin
DEFINITION 5 Abolitionist newspapers attacked the Fugitive Slave Act Free states were no longer safe for blacks so they began fleeing to Canada 1852 Stowe published Uncle Tom's Cabin; the anti-slavery novel that helped lay the ground for the civil war
Manifest Destiny
Belief that racially superior (white) Americans were destined to spread their culture westward to regions inhabited by inferior races. The United States used this to justify its war with Mexico from 1846- Believed that Mexicans and Indians were inferior and best controlled or conquered TERM 7
Nat Turner's Revolt
DEFINITION 7 Southhampton Insurrection Rebellion in Southampton Country, Virginia on August of 1831 Led by Nat Turner Rebel slaves killed around 55-56 people Was the highest number of fatalities caused by any slave uprising in the American South TERM 8
Slave Codes- what were they and what they
did
DEFINITION 8 Were laws in each state that defined the salve's standing and master's rights Gave slave owners absolute power over slaves Placed harsh restrictions on the freedom of African slaves Generally stated that slaves were regarded as, and should be treated like property TERM 9
California Gold Rush (what)
DEFINITION 9 When: 1848 Thousands of people (Forty-Niners) where they practiced placer mining, planning and digging for gold in the hope for instant riches. Some found fortunes; Most never found enough to gold to pay their expenses Indian and Mamoul workers abandoned other jobs for the mines A lot of Forty-Niners were to embarrassed to go home TERM 10
California Gold Rush (significance)
DEFINITION 10 People v Hall ruling of 1854 made it impossible to prevent violence towards Chinese immigrants Chinese immigrants continued to seek fortunes in the gold mines California experienced an agricultural boom Mines later became barren when hydraulic mining washed away surface soil
Stephen A Douglas
U.S. Senator & U.S. Representative from Illinois Ran for president in 1860, eventually losing to Abraham Lincoln A large proponent of popular sovereignty Was the main player in the Compromise of 1850 Introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 TERM 17
The Shakers and the sexes
DEFINITION 17 Spritiual community founded in England in 1772 by Mother Ann Lee Peak was between 1820-1860; had 6,000 members, 20 settlements across 8 states Ann Lee advocated for celibacy because her children died in infancy Community was the largest utopian experiment Men & women lived in separate quarters and shared equal leadership Refuge for orphans, widows, runaways, abused wives TERM 18
Mormon Migration
DEFINITION 18 Migrated several times 1st time- A year after Joseph Smith published Book of Mormon and organized a church in 1830 Moved to Ohio to establish a "New Jerusalem"; angry mobs drove them out Settled in Missouri; 1853 Missouri's gov charged Smith with starting an uprising Brigham Young moved the Mormons to Great Salt Lake Valley TERM 19
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848
DEFINITION 19 Took place in Feb 1848 Signed by the Rep from Mexico and U.S. Allowed the U.S. to gain Cali, NM, and recognition of the Rio Grande as the Northern Boundary of TX. US agreed to settle the $3.2 million in claims of its citizens against Mexico, and pay Mexico $15 million TERM 20
Anaconda Plan
DEFINITION 20 Winfield Scotts plan to win the civil war A blockade on all southern ports and eventually capture the Mississippi river Navy ships blocked 3,550 miles of coastline blocking the confederacy's avenues of supply.
Border States
Popular sentiment was deeply divided Kentucky and Missouri tried to secede, slave state eventually came under Union control along with Maryland and Delaware North fought hard not to lose the border states If Union lost border states, the south would have the upper hand in the civil war TERM 22
"Bleeding Kansas" Election 1860- reasons
Republican victory
DEFINITION 22 Name given to the bloody conflict that erupted bloody conflict between Free-Soil (antislavery) and Southern (pro slavery) settlers. South sent reinforcements to Kansas to establish slavery and keep northerners from taking the land Murdered and intimidated free settlers TERM 23
Lincoln's Approach to secessionist states
DEFINITION 23 Lincoln was against slavery but chose not to interfere w/ states where slavery was present; did not want slavery to extend to any western territory Tried to avoid war while maintaining the Union In the Civil War, he had to act defensively against the Confederacy; who threatened to secede He later proposed emancipation of slaves in southern states TERM 24
William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator
DEFINITION 24 1830s-a new group radical white abolitionists with William Lloyd Garrison had demanded immediate and complete emancipation Published the Liberator in 1831 He founded the American Antislavery Society; Became the era's largest abolitionist organization. Believed slavery was a sin TERM 25
Southern slave
ownership
DEFINITION 25 Slavery and the plantation economy expanded Explained it as "positive good" not a merely "necessary evil" Believed slavery was the natural status of blacks Whites were intellectual; blacks were physical Southerners defended slavery in practical reasons as economic necessities
Doctrine of "popular sovereignty"
The principle that the authority of the govt comes from consent of the people to be governed Created by Democrat Presidential Nominee Lewis Cass 1847 Issue weather or not to allow slavery in the territories; who gets decide whether or not slavery is allowed in the territories Created to state the Democratic stance on slavery issue; Allowed occupants to decide if they want slavery or not TERM 32
Election of 1844 and the Texas
questions
DEFINITION 32 James K Polk defeated Henry Clay Polk supported expansion in general and ran his campaign based on that Called for the annexation of Texas but also supported westward expansion; U.S. had claim to Oregon Had views comparable to Manifest Destiny TERM 33
Andrew Johnson's Impeachment
DEFINITION 33 First time the process had been used Related to his violation of the Tenure of Office Act Many said that this reflected his performance not his innocence or guilt Although he did not end up getting removed from office, his support dramatically declined TERM 34
Black codes legacy of Reconstruction for AA
DEFINITION 34 Black codes caused racial segregation It wasn't until 1869 that AA were given the right to vote The 15th amendment made it the law Whites disagreed on if blacks should have equal rights as whites Segregation and discrimination were felt by blacks because white people resisted the new changes
