Download Key Figures and Events in American History: The Great Depression and Post-War Eras and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity!
Aimee Semple McPherson
founded the foursquare church pioneer in the use of modern media, especially radio, which she drew upon through the growing appeal of popular entertainment in North America. Made personal crusades against anything that she felt threatened her christian ideals, including the drinking of alcohol and teaching evolution in schools TERM 2
scopes monkey trial
DEFINITION 2 fundamentalist did not want the teaching of evolution in the schools by modernists. John scopes was arrested after teaching evolution in school, found guilty but verdict was overturned TERM 3
KKK of the 1920's
DEFINITION 3 dedicated to 100% "Americanism" rather than old confederacy. members = native born white protestants who wanted to protect themselves from blacks, Catholics, Jews, and immigrants. violence tarnished their moral pretensions TERM 4
eugenics
DEFINITION 4 scientific racism which tried to get rid of people deemed "unfit" similar to Hitler of Nazi Germany. Sterilized some 60,000 Americans barred the marriage of thousands forcibly segregated thousands in "colonies" TERM 5
Immigration Act of 1924
DEFINITION 5 limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States in 1890, down from the 3% cap. excluded all people from Asia. Left gate open to all people in western hemisphere so Latin American population became the fastest growing minority
Liberty League
1934 conservative business men and politicians including past democratic presidential candidates, formed the league to oppose new deal measures as violations of personal and property rights TERM 7
herbert hoover
DEFINITION 7 president at the time the depression hit. believed the country's business structure was sound and wanted to revive the economy through boosting the nation's confidence. try to restart government construction projects (hoover-dams) and lower taxes, and federal loan program but didn't work TERM 8
upton sinclair and EPIC
DEFINITION 8 more support for communism and socialism in great depression than ever before. Sinclair ran for governor of CA but lost. advocated "production for use" called for a system of agricultural colonies for the unemployed, which would barter for products of state-owned factors TERM 9
dr. townsend
DEFINITION 9 opposed new deal, called for the "Townsend plan" all Americans over 60 would receive a monthly government pension of 200 provided they did no salaried work and spent the money in full each month. would open jobs for young workers and fuel the economy. TERM 10
father coughlin
DEFINITION 10 originally a supporter of the new deal but became a critic because it was too friendly to bankers. he wanted "national union for social justice" which would nationalize banks, re- monetize silver, and greenbacks
agricultural adjustment administration
created by farm relief act, controlled production by paying farmers to take land out of cultivation or kill off land stock. created the farm credit administration which provided mortgage relief to about 1/5 of farmers TERM 17
glass steagall banking
bill
DEFINITION 17 separated investment from commercial banking, reformed the federal reserve, established the FDIC to insure bank deposits TERM 18
securities exchange act
DEFINITION 18 The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (also called the Exchange Act, '34 Act, or Act of '34), (enacted June 6, 1934), codified at et seq., is a law governing the secondary trading of securities (stocks, bonds, and debentures) in the United States of America. prevent insider manipulation TERM 19
second new deal
DEFINITION 19 1934-1935 focused on social injustice than the first new deal TERM 20
works progress administration
DEFINITION 20 The Works Progress Administration (renamed during 1939 as the Work Projects Administration; WPA) was the largest New Deal agency, employing millions to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads, and operated large arts, drama, media, and literacy projects.
wagner act
set up the national labor relations board, threw the weight of government behind the right of labor to bargain collectively and compelled employers to accede peacefully to the unionization of their plants. one of the most dramatic labor innovations TERM 22
social security act
DEFINITION 22 created a national system of old age insurance in which most employees were compelled to participate. fiananced by taxes on workers wages and their employer's payroll. set up a federal state system of unemployment insurance and provided federal aid to states, on a matching basis, for care for dependent mothers and children, excluded black farm and servants TERM 23
CIO (Congress of Industrial Organizations)
DEFINITION 23 organized the automobile, steel, rubber, oil, textiles industries. shut down by management blacklisting and intimidation. used the SIT DOWN STRIKES which workers would refuse to leave plant until employers granted collective bargaining rights to their union. rise of INDUSTRIAL UNIONISM because of the CIO TERM 24
Frances Perkins
DEFINITION 24 first women to hold a cabinet position, key role in writing the new deal's minimum wage laws TERM 25
marian anderson
DEFINITION 25 Marian Anderson (February 27, 1897 - April 8, 1993) was an American contralto and one of the most celebrated singers of the twentieth century. with aid from FDR and Eleanor roosevelt, performed at the lincoln memorial
battle of the coral sea
The Battle of the Coral Sea, fought during May 4-8, 1942, was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II between the Imperial Japanese Navy and Allied naval and air forces from the United States (U.S.) and Australia. TERM 32
battle of midway
DEFINITION 32 The Battle of Midway () is widely regarded as the most important naval battle of the Pacific Campaign of World War II. japan lost about a third of their plains while severely damaging the American installations on the island. turning point in pacific war TERM 33
d-day
DEFINITION 33 D-Day is a term often used in military parlance to denote the day on which a combat attack or operation is to be initiated. 370,000 soldiers filled the horizons of the normandy coast. germany losses were great. turning point in war TERM 34
double v
campaign
DEFINITION 34 african americans battle during WWII against fascism abroad, victory over discrimination at home. large numbers migrated from poor southern farm munitions centers. racial tensions were high in cities like Chicago, detriot, and harlem which experienced race riots TERM 35
rosie the riveter
DEFINITION 35 Rosie the Riveter is a cultural icon of the United States, representing the American women who worked in factories during World War II, many of whom worked in the manufacturing plants that produced munitions and war supplies.
GI Bill
provided college or vocational education for WW2 vets, 1 year of unemployment compensations, and provided loans for returning veterans to buy homes and start businesses TERM 37
long telegram
DEFINITION 37 written by kennan, spells out the doctrine of containment. basis for truman doctrine TERM 38
george kennan
DEFINITION 38 worked as american diplomat at the embassy in moscow, devised the strategy of containment, which called for halting the soviets expansion TERM 39
nsc 68
DEFINITION 39 called for significant peace time military spending in which the us possessed a "superior overall power" and "in dependable combination with other like minded nations." TERM 40
"massive retaliation"
DEFINITION 40 get more bang for the buck. building up nuclear weapons and go to the brink of nuclear war to threaten communist from expanding
joseph
mccarthy
senator who claimed the us government was full of communists and led a witch hunt to find them. never able to claim one single communist TERM 47
army-mccarthy
hearings
DEFINITION 47 The Army-McCarthy hearings were a series of hearings held by the United States Senate's Subcommittee on Investigations between April 1954 and June 1954. The hearings were held for the purpose of investigating conflicting accusations between the United States Army and Senator Joseph McCarthy. led to decline in mccarthy's popularity TERM 48
alger hiss
DEFINITION 48 accused of being a spy for soviet union and convicted of lying about espionage. TERM 49
julius and ethel rosenberg
DEFINITION 49 Ethel Greenglass Rosenberg (September 28, 1915 - June 19,
- and Julius Rosenberg (May 12, 1918 - June 19, 1953) were American communists who were executed in 1953 for conspiracy to commit espionage. TERM 50
kitchen debate
DEFINITION 50 The Kitchen Debate was a series of impromptu exchanges (through interpreters) between nixon and soviet premier khrushchev. main point: capitalism allowed better electronic and consumer products in america than russia
levittown
first low cost, mass produced development of suburban tract housing built by william levitt TERM 52
betty friedan
DEFINITION 52 author of "feminine mystique" inspired women who felt trapped in their domestic doldrums. TERM 53
congress on racial equality
DEFINITION 53 began "freedom riders" to test segregation that was banned on buses TERM 54
brown vs board of
education
DEFINITION 54 1954, declared segregation illegal TERM 55
southern manifesto
DEFINITION 55 The Southern Manifesto was a document written in February- March 1956 by legislators in the United States Congress opposed to racial integration in public places.
1965 voting rights act
The National Voting Rights Act of 1965 () was a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that outlawed discriminatory voting practices that had been responsible for the widespread disenfranchisement of African Americans in the U.S. TERM 62
great society
DEFINITION 62 The Great Society was a set of domestic programs proposed or enacted in the United States on the initiative of President Lyndon B. proposed legislation to address problems with voting rights, poverty, diseases, education, immigration and enviornment TERM 63
war on poverty/ economic opportunity act
DEFINITION 63 incorporated a wide range of programs: jobs for inner-city youth, head start, work study, grants for farmers, loans to employers willing to hire the chronically unemployed TERM 64
medicare/medicaid
DEFINITION 64 insurance program for the elderly TERM 65
immigration act of 1965
DEFINITION 65 allowed for more individuals from third world countries to enter. entails separate quota for refugees. immigrants were welcomed because of their skills/profession not their countries of origin
dien bien
phu
battle between french and vietnam. french asked for us air strike, but turned down TERM 67
domino theory
DEFINITION 67 The domino theory was a foreign policy theory during the 1950s to 1980s, promoted at times by the government of the United States, that speculated that if one land in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow in a domino effect. TERM 68
gulf of tonkin resolution
DEFINITION 68 The Tonkin Gulf Resolution (officially, Asia Resolution, Public Law 88-408) was a joint resolution which the United States Congress passed on August 7, 1964 in response to a sea battle between the North Vietnamese Navy's Torpedo Squadron 135 and the destroyer
. gave johnson the authorization without formal declaration of war by congress to use conventional military forces in southeast asia TERM 69
operation "rolling thunder"
DEFINITION 69 first sustained bombing of north vietnam, intended to stop the flow of soldiers and supplies to south. TERM 70
tet offensive
DEFINITION 70 surprise attack by viet cong and n. Vietnamese, turned public opinion strongly against vietnam
black panthers
The Black Panther Party (originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was an African-American revolutionary organization. worked for black rights, fragmenting in spasms of violence TERM 77
silent majority
DEFINITION 77 The silent majority is an unspecified large majority of people in a country or group who do not express their opinions publicly. working and middle class who determined to regain control of a society they feared was awash in permissiveness. TERM 78
watergate
DEFINITION 78 The Watergate scandal was a 1970s United States political scandal resulting from the break-in to the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C. nixon resigned TERM 79
stagflation
DEFINITION 79 In economics, stagflation is the situation when both the inflation rate and the unemployment rate are high. TERM 80
camp david accords
DEFINITION 80 The Camp David Accords were signed by Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on September 17, 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David.
moral majority
The Moral Majority was a political organization of the United States which had an agenda of evangelical Christian-oriented political lobbying. TERM 82
iranian hostage crisis
DEFINITION 82 The Iran hostage crisis was a diplomatic crisis between Iran and the United States. led to unfreezing several billion dollars in iranian assets, and hostages were released after 444 days TERM 83
supply side
economics
DEFINITION 83 Supply-side economics is a school of macroeconomic thought that argues that economic growth can be most effectively created by lowering barriers for people to produce (supply) goods and services, such as adjusting income tax and capital gains tax rates, and by allowing greater flexibility by reducing regulation. TERM 84
iran-contra
scandal
DEFINITION 84 The Iran-Contra affair (, ) was a political scandal in the United States that came to light in November 1986. During the Reagan administration, President Ronald Reagan and other senior U.S.. involving sale of arms to iran in partial exchange for release of hostages in lebanon and use of arms money to aid the contras in nicaragua, which had been expressly forbidden
