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Material Type: Exam; Professor: Vanberkum; Class: Human Physiology; Subject: Biological Sciences; University: Wayne State University;
Typology: Exams
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Bio3200: Human Physiology name:
April, 2012 FINAL EXAM [80 Qs]
Section 1: Finish each sentence with one of the two words indicated in square brackets.
hyperpolarizes] the neuron.
] ions have the highest concentration inside the cell.
aerobic] energy production.
cardiac/B. skeletal) muscle.
presenting cell].
extremities.
decrease].
[A. B lymphocytes/B. T-lymphocytes].
Section 2: Multiple Choice. Choose the single best answer.
A. minute ventilation.
B. arterial PCO2.
C. oxygen delivery to muscles.
D. oxygen extraction by muscles.
E. body heat production.
A. secretion of ADH.
B. inhibition of ADH secretion.
C. decreased urine production.
D. increased glomerular filtration.
E. increased thirst.
of cardiovascular system?
CO = cardiac output; MAP = Mean Arterial Pressure; TPR = Total peripheral pressure ; SV = stroke
volume; HR = Heart rate.
A. CO = SV x MAP = HR X TPR
B. MAP/CO = SV x HR/TPR
D. HR X MAP = CO = SV x TPR
E. TPR/CO= SV x HR/MAP
A. collecting ducts.
B. distal tubule.
C. glomerulus.
D. Bowman's capsule.
E. proximal tubule.
innervation ratio of motor units to
A. increase with endurance training
B. decrease with weight training
C. decrease with endurance training
D. increase with weight training
E. remain the same as the size of a motor unit is not affected by training.
A. an action potential requires the opening of Ca
channels whereas a graded potential
does not.
B. an action potential is propagated without decay whereas a graded potential decays.
C. an action potential, but not a graded potential, has a threshold and is an all-or-none
phenomenon
D. A and B
E. B and C
A. The axon becomes hyperpolarized
B. The axon becomes depolarized.
C. An action potential is initiated.
D. The axon bursts.
E. Nothing happens as they cancel each other out.
A. sympathetic activity increases.
B. cardiac output increases.
C. peripheral resistance decreases.
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C
A. can be hyperpolarizing, but is most often depolarizing
B. will have an amplitude that varies in magnitude with stimulus strength.
C. may trigger one or more action potentials.
D. usually occurs in the dendritic area of the sensory neuron.
E. will change in frequency based on the magnitude of the stimulus strength
A. dopamine
C. epinephrine
D. norepinephrine
E. acetylcholine
A. in lumens of organs open to the outside.
B. inside cells.
C. in interstitial fluid.
D. in cerebral spinal fluid
E. in plasma.
A. increased heart contractility
B. decreased vasoconstriction
C. increased heart rate
D. decreased insulin secretion
E. decreased GFR
A. secretin rise.
B. enterocrinin fall.
C. cholecystokinin fall.
D. gastrin rise
E. all of the above
A. the parasympathetic nervous system
B. local Acetycholine secretion
C. local metabolic control mechanisms
D. the sympathetic nervous system
E. all of the above
A. global vasoconstriction
B. vasodilation in skeletal muscle and vasoconstriction in viscera.
C. global vasodilation
D. vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle and vasodilation in viscera.
E. none of the above
A. brain
B. liver
C. kidney
D. heart
E. all of the above have portal systems
single skeletal muscle fiber ..."
A. can be increased by increasing the frequency of action potentials.
B. depends on myosin phosphorylation levels.
C. can be decreased by increasing Ca
-ATPase activity.
D. depends on the degree of thick and thin filament overlap.
E. is usually optimal at its normal physiological length.
these steps so place them in the correct sequence from beginning to end.
have all of the following things in common EXCEPT:
A. being in the same area of the ventral spinal cord
B. being part of the same motor unit
C. using the same neurotransmitter
D. projecting axons within the same nerve
E. being located on the same side of the spinal cord
A. is the minimum amount of a stimulus required to activate the receptor
B. is the type of stimulus that hyperpolarizes a receptor
C. describes the range of stimuli a receptor can not respond to
D. is the particular physical/chemical property a receptor can detect
E. all of the above
A. cerebellum
B. brain stem
C. motor cortex
D. basal ganglion
E. spinal cord
is carried in the blood. Based on this figure, which of the
following statements is FALSE?
A. The product at the box labeled "A" should be H 2
B. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reaction at e.
C. At B, a membrane antiporter is used to exchange the bicarbonate ion for "g" a K+ ion.
D. Approximately 7% of CO 2
is freely soluble in the plasma.
E. Missing from this diagram is an interaction between hemoglobin and H+.
A. help reabsorb glucose in a nephron
B. help absorb amino acids in the small intestine
C. help initiate a skeletal muscle action potential
D. participate in the resting membrane potential of a cell
E. bind actin to help regulate myosin based contraction
A. Secretion is the movement of a solute from the blood to the tubule.
B. Reabsorption is the movement of a solute from a nephron tubule to the blood.
C. The amount of solute excreted equals the amount filtered minus the amount reabsorbed
plus the amount secreted.
D. Filtration is the movement of plasma into the glomerulus.
E. Excretion is the removal of a solute from the body in urine.
A. participate in the resting membrane potential of a cardiac cell
B. participate in the hyperpolarization of a muscle cell
C. prevent secretion of insulin in response to food
D. are exchanged with potassium ions to help stop cardiac muscle contraction
E. are required for blood clotting
straight lines and pre-synaptic terminals are small triangles. Based on this diagram, which of the
following statements is FALSE?
A. The trigger zone is at B.
B. At E, calcium ions enter to help release neurotransmitter.
C. For large neurons, myelination of axons (say at C and D) increases the propagation
speed of action potentials.
D. An action potential would be observed at all five (A to E) locations.
E. None, all of the above are true.
A. microscopic vessels in which blood exchanges material with the interstitial fluid.
B. thick walled vessels that convey blood away from the heart.
C. thin walled vessels that convey blood toward the heart.
D. elastic vessels that carry blood rich in oxygen.
E. muscular vessels that carry blood deficient in oxygen.
A. stomach
B. pancreas
C. spleen
D. colon
E. esophagus
A. an increase in both angiotensin II activity and aldosterone secretion
B. an increase in sympathetic nervous system output
C. an immediate decrease in GFR
D. an increase in vasopressin secretion to increase water reabsorption
E. an increase in thirst
A. are always hypo-osmotic
B. always have very high levels of K+
C. have very low protein levels
D. are always hyper-osmotic
E. are increased by sympathetic nervous system activation.
A. Trace A (at left) represents skeletal muscle, and B a cardiac muscle.
B. The rising phase of both A and B occur as sodium ions rush into the cell.
C. At the location indicated by C, calcium ions are rushing out of the cell.
D. The falling phase of both A and B occur as potassium ions rush out of the cell.
E. Both cell types exhibit an absolute refractory period, although they may not be the same
length of time.
in grey. Based on this diagram, which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. The filtrate running through the lumen at D is always iso-osmotic.
B. At B, water is preferentially absorbed while sodium remains behind.
C. The hydrostatic pressure within the lumen at A (Bowman's capsule) decreases the
filtration rate.
D. The permeability of the membrane at E to water is regulated by aldosterone.
E. The filtrate running through the lumen at C is always hypo-osmotic.
represents pressure in the left ventricle and the dashed line represents aortic pressure. Based on this
diagram which of the following is TRUE?
A. The first heart sound occurs at the arrow A.
B. The aortic valve closes at the area marked by the circle D.
C. The P-wave will start at the approximate position of arrow B.
D. The ventricle is undergoing isovolumetric contraction during the part highlighted by the
rectangle C.
E. Ventricle depolarization is occurring during the phase marked by the diamond E.
A. vital capacity.
B. expiratory reserve capacity.
C. expiratory reserve volume.
D. inspiratory reserve capacity.
E. tidal volume.
A. secreted from pancreatic duct cells
B. is initially activated by enteropeptidase in the brush border.
C. cleaves nucleic acids in a random fashion
D. turns into chymotrypsin once activated
E. B and D
Answer Key for Test “Final EXam draft”, 4/23/
No. in
Q-Bank
No. on
Test Correct Answer
Answer Key for Test “Final EXam draft”, 4/23/
No. in
Q-Bank
No. on
Test Correct Answer
hyperpolarizes] the neuron.
Section 2: Multiple Choice. Choose the single best answer.
A. a good blood supply and system of blood delivery.
B. adequate numbers of muscle mitochondria.
C. a well-developed respiratory system.
D. good supplies of nutrients.
E. all of the above
A. is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
B. is secreted by the posterior pituitary.
C. binds to a plasma protein.
D. A and C
E. B and C
A. secreted from pancreatic duct cells
B. is initially activated by enteropeptidase in the brush border.
C. cleaves nucleic acids in a random fashion
D. turns into chymotrypsin once activated
E. B and D
innervation ratio of motor units to
A. increase with endurance training
B. increase with weight training
C. decrease with weight training
D. decrease with endurance training
E. remain the same as the size of a motor unit is not affected by training.
A. minute ventilation.
B. arterial PCO2.
C. oxygen delivery to muscles.
D. oxygen extraction by muscles.
E. body heat production.
A. sympathetic activity increases.
B. cardiac output increases.
C. peripheral resistance decreases.
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C
A. increased heart contractility
B. decreased insulin secretion
C. decreased vasoconstriction
D. decreased GFR
E. increased heart rate
A. sequestration of Ca
into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
B. dissociation of actin from myosin.
C. movement of myosin cross-bridges.
D. maintenance of the resting membrane potential of the skeletal-muscle.
E. release of Ca
from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
A. participate in the resting membrane potential of a cell
B. help reabsorb glucose in a nephron
C. help initiate a skeletal muscle action potential
D. help absorb amino acids in the small intestine
E. bind actin to help regulate myosin based contraction
represents pressure in the left ventricle and the dashed line represents aortic pressure. Based on this
diagram which of the following is TRUE?
A. The aortic valve closes at the area marked by the circle D.
B. The P-wave will start at the approximate position of arrow B.
C. Ventricle depolarization is occurring during the phase marked by the diamond E.
D. The ventricle is undergoing isovolumetric contraction during the part highlighted by the
rectangle C.
E. The first heart sound occurs at the arrow A.
A. acetylcholine
B. epinephrine
C. norepinephrine
E. dopamine
these steps so place them in the correct sequence from beginning to end.
A. Trace A (at left) represents skeletal muscle, and B a cardiac muscle.
B. The rising phase of both A and B occur as sodium ions rush into the cell.
C. At the location indicated by C, calcium ions are rushing out of the cell.
D. The falling phase of both A and B occur as potassium ions rush out of the cell.
E. Both cell types exhibit an absolute refractory period, although they may not be the same
length of time.
A. collecting ducts.
B. distal tubule.
C. Bowman's capsule.
D. glomerulus.
E. proximal tubule.
straight lines and pre-synaptic terminals are small triangles. Based on this diagram, which of the
following statements is FALSE?
A. For large neurons, myelination of axons (say at C and D) increases the propagation
speed of action potentials.
B. At E, calcium ions enter to help release neurotransmitter.
C. The trigger zone is at B.
D. An action potential would be observed at all five (A to E) locations.
E. None, all of the above are true.
A. afferent and efferent arteriole constriction
B. myogenic response of blood vessels
C. paracrine signals from the macula densa
D. parasympathetic innervation of afferent arteriole
E. none, they are all correct
A. stimulate growth during puberty
B. regulate calcium excretion after a meal
C. synergistically help glucagon dependent catabolism.
D. regulate water balance
E. stimulate milk let-down in a nursing mom
single skeletal muscle fiber ..."
A. can be increased by increasing the frequency of action potentials.
B. depends on myosin phosphorylation levels.
C. can be decreased by increasing Ca
-ATPase activity.
D. depends on the degree of thick and thin filament overlap.
E. is usually optimal at its normal physiological length.
A. is the particular physical/chemical property a receptor can detect
B. is the type of stimulus that hyperpolarizes a receptor
C. is the minimum amount of a stimulus required to activate the receptor
D. describes the range of stimuli a receptor can not respond to
E. all of the above