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Material Type: Exam; Class: THE NATURAL WORLD; Subject: Biology; University: Indiana University-South Bend; Term: Fall 2012;
Typology: Exams
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Differential Staining – Gram Stain, Acid Fast Stain and Endospore Stain Testing for Antiseptics/Disinfectants using the paper disk method, streaking for confluent growth and zone of inhibition and how to measure Chapter 11 Distinguish between an antiseptic and disinfectant What is meant by sterile, methods used for sterilizing, and why some methods are better than other methods Temperature and pressure combination for an autoclave Bacteriostatic vs. bacteriocidal How antimicrobial agents work on the: cell wall, cell membrane, protein and genetic material (DNA & RNA) How are microbes controlled? Physical methods of control, Filtration and chemical agents used What is a surfactant and how does it work on the cell membrane Pasteurization Tyndallization Differences between ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation and effect on bacteria Pyrimidine dimer formation Oligodynamic action Effects of high temperature and low temperature on bacteria Denaturing of protein (enzymes) Chapter 1 – Steps in a Scientific Study Food fermentation, making of yogurt Difference between food intoxication and infection Food borne diseases and preventing food poisoning – temperature abuse and cross contamination Testing River water, characteristics of coliform bacteria Potable water Coliform bacteria Why is Escherichia coli and good indicator species for identifying coliforms in water? River water test – presumptive, confirmed and completed teat and be able to calculate MPN Chapter 9 Genetics Structure of DNA, nucleotides, nitrogen base pairing (complementary base pairing), plasmids and conjugation General steps in DNA replication General steps in protein synthesis – transcription and translation, mRNA, tRNA Using (reading) the genetic code to determine the amino acids in a protein What is a mutations? Ames test? What is a gene, genome Genotype vs. phenotype Semiconservative Gene regulation – inducible and repressible operons Antibiotics that affect transcription and translation Conjugation, transformation and transduction Transposons